【正文】 When defect appear, the probe should be move around defect, when F1/B1=50%, the distance of probe center moved is defect length, and the probe center is defect verge. 焊縫的超聲波檢測 Ultrasonic testing on welding. 1）利用 CSKIA試塊按深度 1﹕ 1調(diào)節(jié)掃描比例。 The defect 1st echo F1≥ 50％ . b 當缺陷第一次反射波 (F1)波高與 底面第一次反射波 (B1)波高之比大于或等于滿刻度的 50％ ,即 B1﹤ 100％ ,而 F1/B1≥ 50％者 . Defect 1st echo F1, bottom 1st echo, When B1﹤ 100％ and F1/B1≥ 50％ . C當?shù)酌娴谝淮畏瓷洳ǎ?B1） 波高小于滿刻度的 50％，即 B1﹤ 50％者。在檢測過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)下列情況之一者，即作為缺陷。 Probe scan: probe will plumb to steel plate extend direction, groove edge should 100% scan. 178。 Use 5 wave method, the scan scale are 1： 1 depth. 2）檢測靈敏度以ф 5 平底孔確定，應計入靈敏度試塊與被探鋼板之間的表面耦合聲能的損失（ dB）。 Welding test use CSKIIIA and CSK1A block. 耦合劑 Couplant 使用洗潔精做耦合劑，檢測焊縫應采用相同的耦合劑。 and * angle probe, total 20. 3）系統(tǒng)綜合性能；符合 JB473094標準要求。 Probe: plate review use 00 probe, total 10。 transverse wave angle probe testing will be carried out on butt welding. ，探頭及系統(tǒng)性能 Equipment, probe and system capability. 1） UT 探傷儀；漢威數(shù)字超聲波 1臺， CTS22A 型超聲波 1臺，設備必須經(jīng)計量鑒定合格。 All the welding should be carried out 100% ultrasonic testing after RT inspection, the result should meet the standard JB473094 grade 1. Testing Method. 鋼板原材料復驗采用縱波直探頭進行檢測；使用測厚儀進行測厚；使用橫波斜探頭對焊縫進行檢測。 testing results should meet GB1233798, if any defects that will be rejected appeared, review rate will added。對球殼板進行不少于 20％超聲測厚，且每帶不少于 2 塊，上下極不少于 1塊，結(jié)果應符合 GB1233798 標準要求，發(fā)現(xiàn)超標 后應加倍抽查，每片球殼板測點不少于 5點，每點數(shù)值應為三次測量結(jié)果的平均值。 if any defects that will be rejected appeared, review rate will added。球殼板進行不少于 20％超聲波復 驗，且每帶不少于 2 塊，上下極不少于 1塊，若發(fā)現(xiàn)超標缺陷，應加倍抽查，若仍有超標缺陷，則應 100％檢查，球殼板周邊 100mm范圍內(nèi)超聲波檢測，結(jié)果符合 JB473094的Ⅰ級要求。 UT inspection will be carried out before installation, UT inspection for butt welding of tank body will be carried out after RT finish and accepted. 2)檢測任務量 testing type 178。 Thickness measurement use UT thickness detector. ： UT technics Personnel requirement 該工程所有超聲波檢測工作由持有技術監(jiān)督局頒發(fā)的Ⅱ級及以上資格證書人員進行檢測。Material should have 20% UT random check. 球殼對接焊縫采用橫波 斜探頭接觸法進行 100％的超聲波檢測，母材厚度小于 46mm時采用單面雙側(cè)一次反射法進行檢測，母材厚度大于 46mm時采用雙單雙側(cè)一次波直射法進行檢測。 Give eligibility note for the eligible product that is inspected by RT, then write RT report, at last neaten and pigeonhole the film and original record. 2)報告，原始記 錄與底片在公司檔案室保存 7年， 7年后可轉(zhuǎn)交用戶或自行銷毀。 There should have production makeup drawing, onsite peration record, darkroom record, RT inspection mission, film disposal drawings and so on in the course of film reviewing. 3)在評片過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)異議應及時去現(xiàn)場了解被檢件情況，與復評員，無損檢測責任工程師匯評。 The observing light can observe the density over and the brightness can be adjusted. 底片的初評與審核 First reviewing and auditing for films 1)按 JB473094標準Ⅱ級合 格進行評定。室內(nèi)照明不應在底片上產(chǎn)生反射。 The objection that caused by improper disposal or other objection that may handicap the assessing is not allowed in the scope of effective assessment. 6)凡不符合上述要求之一的底片均應重照。 Have diversified marks, lay fitly, the position is right and the image of inspected weld doesn’t be concealed. 4)在較黑背影下無“ B”的較淡影像。 Then density of the film should control in scope of . 14 2)像質(zhì)指數(shù)達到標準要求，擺放位置正確，在焊縫影像上如能清晰的看到長度不小于10mm的像質(zhì)計金屬絲影像，就認為是可識別的。 do inspection over again 36 hours after welding repair and the visual check is eligible. 3)返修片按返修次數(shù)分別在焊縫編號后加 R1， R2，以示區(qū)別。（必要時使用超聲波探傷儀進行定位） The film reviewer should give “ Repair advice note for welding connection” for the films of inpetent weld, give three shares for one uniformity to the welder, and the welder should assistant to the inspector to confirm the location that need do over again.( Use UT detector to orient when necessary) 2)焊接接頭返工后由焊接技術員填寫返修探傷委托單，由焊接檢查員外觀檢測確認后且返工完成 36小時，方可進行復探。暗室的濕室操作人員應配備橡膠手套，口罩，及橡膠圍裙以保證身體不受化學藥品的傷害。注意：暗室工作人員在操作過程中要認真詳細作好記錄，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時與無損檢測責任工程師聯(lián)系，以便迅速得到糾正，確保沖洗出完好的底片。底片干燥 :底片水洗后在裝有活性劑的濕潤槽中過一遍，然后掛在涼片夾上，在涼片室內(nèi)自然涼干，或采用通風干燥柜強制干燥。水沖洗；在流動的清水中進行。 Fixation: Control the fixation temperature to be 20177。 2℃，以保證均勻而快速的定影，膠片侵入定影時以及在第 1 分鐘末要均勻做上下方向的移動約 10s 左右，然后侵泡到定影結(jié)束。 Dip in the develop liquid for 30s after developing. 178。 The develop liquid should supply or change termly according to the quantity of the liquid and the developed films. The supplied liquid can’ t exceed the twice of the original develop liquid. 178。根據(jù)藥液數(shù)量和沖洗底片數(shù)量，顯影液要添加補充或定期更換。顯影前應將藥液攪拌均勻，以防藥液沉定分層， 并做顯影測試合格后才能進行顯影，顯影過程中應不時將膠片作垂直方向的上，下移動，使膠片均勻顯影。顯影前應將膠片在濕潤槽中的清水中濕潤后在放入顯影槽。 2℃，顯影時間為 58min，如果顯影時間過長或過短，應校正暴光條件或更換顯影液，不得以改變顯影時間的方式來達到標準要求的黑度 Control the develop temperature to be 20177。顯影 :Develop 178。 12 The safety light of darkroom should be put 1m apart from the films, test it after installation avoid the films to be sensitive. 5)當對膠片質(zhì)量有懷疑時，應在暴光前顯定影分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)膠片質(zhì)量有問題應停止使用。保證干燥，防止處理前粘上藥液。裝入暗袋和抽膠片時應與增感屏一同裝抽，嚴禁膠片單獨裝抽。 Requirement for operator of darkroom: The operator should have special trainings, master the basic knowledge and skills of darkroom operation. And he also should do responding operation record earnestly and detailedly, adopt measures immediately after the problem occurred in order to prevent the appearance of invalid films. 2)膠片的切裝：按每次用量帶襯紙取出膠片，剩余膠片帶襯紙放入膠片盒內(nèi)裝入鉛箱中。 measure the density of the waterish film, continue to expose when the density is deficient until it more than . The parameter of Xray RT can be confirmed according to the peration thickness of the established focus and the exposure curve, the source intensity shouldn’ t exceed the 90% of the rating voltage, the exposure quantity shouldn’ t be less than . 2)散射線的屏蔽；罐下部采用 厚鉛背襯進行散射線屏蔽。 shied on the dispread radial 1)暴光參數(shù)的選擇；射線檢測時暴光時間使用專用暴光尺或計算公式確定，因影響γ射線暴光時間的因素較多，以上僅作估算，在罐體下部放上實驗片 34張，暴光至計算值 90％ 11 時，取下一片，在規(guī)定條件下沖洗，濕片測黑度，當黑度不足時繼續(xù)暴光，直到母材處實驗片黑度均在 ； X射線檢測根據(jù)焦距透照厚度及暴光曲線確定，且管電壓不應超過射線機額定電壓的 90％，暴光量不應低于 ?！? 0176。 → 180176。（該工程采用帶磁鐵的標記帶） Disposal of the films: Mark the inspected location according to the drawings and printed drawings before RT inspection, and give a sketch map. The serial No of the