【正文】 校準(zhǔn)僅執(zhí)行兩次：分別是真空罐抽真空時(shí)和恢復(fù)。 2） 推進(jìn)器關(guān)閉時(shí)拍攝照片。二次校準(zhǔn)是為長期在真空中工作后判定系統(tǒng)的相對(duì)位置。 ? 如采取低溫冷卻，再次重復(fù)拍攝（真空罐內(nèi)溫度的變化引起第二階段的結(jié)構(gòu)變形）。 ? 相機(jī)在已知位置拍攝大量照片，為了更好的測量結(jié)果，拍攝的照片多于實(shí)際測試所需。相機(jī)的信號(hào)饋入使用 USB 頻道還是 Giga 以太網(wǎng)，取決于真空罐環(huán)境。如有需要， 北京和德宇航技術(shù)有限公司 China Head Aerospace Technology Co. Page： 21/31 Alta 可提供支撐件的圖紙。圖 11 是兩種可能的設(shè)計(jì)，如傾向于簡易方案，則可參考第二種設(shè)計(jì)。 Interfaces 接口 Mechanical Interface 機(jī)械接口 As shown in Figure 8, the EMS will be placed on the floor of the vacuum chamber, with a supporting structure, provided by Alta to be rigidly interfaced (typically by screw/bolts) on the vacuum chamber. 如圖 8 所示， EMS將通過 Alta 提供的支撐結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)固的安放在真空罐底部（螺絲 /螺栓）。 ? 旋轉(zhuǎn)，精確定位相機(jī)可對(duì)推進(jìn)器的不同區(qū)域掃描。 北京和德宇航技術(shù)有限公司 China Head Aerospace Technology Co. Page： 19/31 Figure 8 Complete system installed in Alta IV4 facility 圖 8 安裝于 Alta IV4 設(shè)備中的完整系統(tǒng) Figure 9 Detail of the telemicroscopy (erosion) system in Alta IV4 facility 圖 9 AltaIV4 設(shè)備中遠(yuǎn)程顯微（腐蝕）系統(tǒng) 北京和德宇航技術(shù)有限公司 China Head Aerospace Technology Co. Page： 20/31 Movement and protection from thruster beam 移動(dòng)與保護(hù) The movable structure will allow to mount two cameras at the same time and perform, using stepper motors, the following actions: ? Positioning of the cameras in safe position on the far side of the thruster during thruster firing (the camera boxes will have shutters to prevent any sputtering) ? Positioning of the cameras in front of the thruster to perform the measurement campaign. ? Rotation and fine positioning of the cameras to scan different areas of the thruster. 可移動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)一次可安裝兩個(gè)相機(jī)，使用步進(jìn)電機(jī)進(jìn)行如下活動(dòng)： ? 推進(jìn)器點(diǎn)火時(shí)使相機(jī)處于原理推進(jìn)器的安全位置（相機(jī)箱帶有遮光器，防止濺射）。 EMS overall dimensions EMS 整體 尺寸 The following pictures show the IV4 EMS system installed in the facility, that has the same diameter (2 meters) of LIP’s one. The overall envelope of the structure, including the positioning in the safe zone is: ? Width of 750 mm (maximum when the arm is in the safe parking position and longest horizontal guide is used) ? Height of 550 mm ? Depth of 600 mm (maximum when the arm is in the measuring position) 下圖是安裝于設(shè)備當(dāng)中的 IV4EMS，與 510所的直徑相同（ 2m）。如果網(wǎng)格位置符合相機(jī)聚焦穩(wěn)壓，便可獲得后網(wǎng)格孔的聚焦圖片，從而得到其腐蝕情況，當(dāng)然僅可測量孔徑。 ? 系統(tǒng)的最大缺陷是質(zhì)量合格的 3D 圖像不斷重建，但坑 /槽定量測量的不確定度高于利用線形光源。 again the main difficulties in this case are: ? The reflective properties of the metallic grid will probably lead to saturation of several parts. ? The lighting needed to properly detect features like pit groove erosion might be difficult to obtain in the micrometer scale. ? The most likely drawback of the system would be the fact that a qualitatively reasonable 3D image could be always reconstructed, but the uncertainty on quantitative measurement especially of pits and grooves would be higher than using a linear light source. 立體鏡學(xué)的使用是一大特點(diǎn) ，即拍攝兩張曝置角略有不同的圖片（或兩部相機(jī)），然后軟件重建整體圖像，可行性研究仍在進(jìn)行，面臨的困難有： ? 金屬網(wǎng)格的反射使個(gè)別零件飽和。因此為了連續(xù)的建立 3D 形貌，現(xiàn)在的程序需要激光線在不同點(diǎn)多次拍攝。 現(xiàn)有的激光束太寬，其它可用的仍在研究。相關(guān)可行性研究正在進(jìn)行，面臨的困難有： ? 金屬網(wǎng)格的反射使坑 /槽輪廓的檢測變得困難。如圖 7所示，是圍繞在網(wǎng)格孔周圍材料的典型腐蝕形式，深度為亞毫米級(jí)。建議推進(jìn)器關(guān)閉后經(jīng)過相同的時(shí)間等待再進(jìn)行測量，如此可保證真空罐內(nèi)的溫度分布是重復(fù)的。例如，設(shè)備在真空中連續(xù)數(shù)月后，會(huì)受低溫環(huán)境的影響（例如充滿液體氮的真空罐），促動(dòng)器無法將相機(jī)重復(fù)安放在同一位置，軟件便可利用參考點(diǎn)自動(dòng)調(diào)整。 3） 建議利用已知的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)尺寸進(jìn)行原始的校準(zhǔn) picture section，用作日后比較（圖 2）。 北京和德宇航技術(shù)有限公司 China Head Aerospace Technology Co. Page： 16/31 注釋： 1） 測量的實(shí)際精度不僅取決于系統(tǒng)性能，也受設(shè)備照明情況的影響，最主要的是網(wǎng)格材料分反射性能。 Erosion measurement features 腐蝕測量特點(diǎn) Linear measurement 線性測量 As described in section , the typical working distance of the system is supposed to be around 175 mm from the target surface. In this case, the field of view of the cameras will be around mm with a resolution of 5 m. It is therefore expected, in case of nominal illumination, to be able to measure linear distance variations of minimum 23 pixels (corresponding to 1015 m). 如 ，系統(tǒng)的典型工作距離設(shè)為距離目標(biāo)表面 175mm，因此相機(jī)的視場約 ， 分辨率 5m，所以在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)照明條件下，可測量的最小線性距離變量為 23pixels（ 對(duì)應(yīng) 1015m） 。 與客戶需進(jìn)行額外溝通。報(bào)價(jià)應(yīng)對(duì)其它可能性做出詳細(xì)說明。 延長維護(hù)期，包括備用件，應(yīng)作為可選項(xiàng)包含在報(bào)價(jià)內(nèi)。 組件與備用件清單應(yīng)同系統(tǒng)一起提供，并有詳細(xì)的采購信息。 R16 – Maintenance, Training, and Spare Parts 維護(hù)，培訓(xùn)和備用件 An extensive training in use of the ESM should be given by Alta personnel to LIP personnel during the system missioning. Two years of free maintenance with a total of 2 visits to China should be included in the offer. A list of ponents and spare parts should be provided with the system, with detailed information on the procurement. Remote support for operation of the system should be included as part of the offer. An option concerning a longer maintenance period including spare parts should be included. 針對(duì) EMS 使用， Alta應(yīng)對(duì) 510 所人員進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)。 EMS 的預(yù)計(jì)壽命應(yīng)為 8 年，包括定期維護(hù)和可用的備用件。 EMS校準(zhǔn)程序迅速。 R13 – Control software source code 控制軟件源代碼 An option in the quotation should be present concerning the possibility of purchasing the control software source code, to be able to independently modify it in the future. 可購買控制軟件源代碼，以便日后可自行修改。 北京和德宇航技術(shù)有限公司 China Head Aerospace Technology Co. Page： 14/31 ? 全面的用戶手冊(cè)。 ? EMS 一旦故障，發(fā)出警報(bào)，提供修復(fù)相關(guān)信息。 R12 – Control software requirements 控制軟件要求 The control software provided with the EMS, should be capable of: o Perform atmospheric and invacuum preliminary setup (“calibration”) o Provide measurement of erosion in terms of circle diameters, linear length, depth of grooves/pits (not in realtime). o Provide alarms and possible information on recovery actions in case of EMS failures. o Being provided with highly automated procedures. o Being provided with extensive