【正文】 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。D.Process of making a dictionary.C.Observers of the language.D.C.B.The records offer the raw material to the editors.（3）Which of the following is the correct order of a lexicographer defining a word? a. Write a draft of the definition.b. Conclude the usage of the word.c. Pay attention to the new words and new senses.d. Decide whether the usage has been covered.A.The records contain what kind of things they read.C. records during their reading? A.They make deep studies of social and cultural trends.（2）What39。They interview as many people as they can to collect new words.C.dictionary editors spend so much time writing definitions but never could have known if anyone ever read them. We could follow what people were thinking about according to what words they were looking up. Thanks to our online dictionary, we had data.（1）What do lexicographers do? A. How closely do the most lookedup words on your online dictionary seem to be related to the news or trends? Drafting definitions requires some training, some experience and a lot of concentration. It39。re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions. What do you guys do all day? What is a lexicographer? The MerriamWebster(韋氏詞典) lexicographers(詞典編纂者) are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively.7．閱讀理解 第一段引出了基因工程這個(gè)話題，接下來從三個(gè)方面說明了基因工程的益處，又從兩個(gè)方面闡述了基因工程的弊端，故選A。由此推斷出，作者對(duì)雜交的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選C。根據(jù)最后一段中的”Genetic engineering is a very new science and we have a lot to learn about the good it can do and the damage it can cause. The main concern is that not enough tests are being done to ensure it is safe.“基因工程是一門非常新的科學(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的”However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems.“可知作者認(rèn)為雜交是錯(cuò)誤的，是因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生問題，故選B。根據(jù)第一段中的”Plant breeders try to create a specific oute of plants and potentially new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species.“植物育種家試圖通過育種改變植物的基因來創(chuàng)造植物和潛在的新植物品種的特定結(jié)果，即從不同品種或物種的親本培育新植物，可知植物育種的目的是生產(chǎn)新的植物品種，故選C?？茖W(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。D.B.supportive（4）Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? Sp：Subpoint （次要點(diǎn)）objectivedisapprovingdoubtfulanimals are produced using the technology（3）The author39。manpower and resources are wastedB.the sections of DNA are changedD.produce new plant varietiesB.beautify the environment To ensure the most adapted varieties are identified, advocates of organic breeding now promote the use of direct selection for many desired characteristics. However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems. Genetically engineered plants that resist pests may pass on that characteristic to a wild relative. This may cause the wild plant to spread fast, because pests are not naturally killing it. Some genetically engineered plants are more nutritious. They have less fat, taste better or stay fresher than nongenetically engineered plants. This will allow people to buy betterquality fruit and vegetables. Crossbreeding can take such a long time, however, and it is inaccurate. Now, we can change exact sections of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), so the process is more accurate and faster. But people all over the world are arguing about its benefits and disadvantages. Some people use the technology to produce desired characteristics of plants and animals. Other people are concerned that the genetically engineered plants may harm the environment and worried that they may be dangerous for people to eat. Plant breeding is the science of changing the characteristics of plants in order to produce desired ones. Genes in a plant are what determine what type of characteristics it will have. Plant breeders try to create a specific oute of plants and potentially new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species. 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。本文主要講述了人類以及其他動(dòng)物對(duì)狼的恐懼對(duì)維持健康、平衡的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是有益的，因?yàn)槭巢輨?dòng)物不會(huì)過度繁殖，從而保護(hù)了植物的生長(zhǎng)。故選B。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The research is one more piece of evidence for why protecting these top predators is important not just for wolves as a species, but for hundreds of species at every level of an ecosystem.”可知，這項(xiàng)研究再次證明了為什么保護(hù)這些食肉動(dòng)物不僅對(duì)狼這個(gè)物種很重要，而且對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)層面的物種都很重要。故選D。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的We were really surprised at that可知，黃石公園在意想不到的方面從重新引入狼中獲益。The introduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park is a success.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明人類以及其他動(dòng)物對(duì)狼的恐懼對(duì)維持健康、平衡的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是有益的，其中黃石公園灰狼的引進(jìn)就是一個(gè)典型的例子。The fear of wolves put them in danger of disappearing.C.It provides evidence that wolves are endangered animals.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.It helps prove the importance of protecting wolves.C.To study what good wolves can do to ecosystems.（3）What is the significance of the research? A.To show how wolves benefit from ecosystems.C.Accept.（2）For what purpose was a documentary made? A.Notice.Understand.Expect. To learn more about just how wolves are beneficial, a short documentary from Quest explains how the presence of wolves influences the behavior of deer, which eventually makes entire ecosystems more biologically diverse and healthy. In this documentary, biologist Aaron Wirsing explored why wolves and other top predators （捕食者）were needed for diverse ecosystems to develop. Using a simple video camera, Wirsing is gaining a unique vie