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如: Rossett (1995) points out the importance of examining records and outes: The examination of extant data is a wonderful needs assessment tool because it is inexpensive. This tool takes the instructional technologist across the organization in search of the natural outes of effective and ineffective performance. It involves asking colleagues for the data that automatically flow from their work. The only challenge is to convince colleagues that they ought to release that information to you. (p. 192) 二、文后參考文獻格式規(guī)范(REFERENCES,英文在前,中文在后) (一)英文文獻格式要求 基本要求 A. 參考文獻中英文作者的姓與名。但如果涉及到圖表章節(jié)等時,所用詞figure, chapter, table and equation需在文內(nèi)夾注中寫出。另外,括號內(nèi)“(作者,年份,頁碼)”各單項之間需加逗號“,”(mas)。 Moen, 1994, Figure 2). To facilitate the shift from teachercentered to studentcentered learning, written materials that acpany distance courses should include concept maps and advance organizers, as demonstrated by the Kawakami method (Kawakami, 1996, Chapter 5). 注: 直接引用的必須加注頁碼,除非文獻來自電子網(wǎng)絡資源。 Stein, . (2019). Evaluating the effectiveness of best management practices using dynamic modeling. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 134(8), 629639. (來自期刊) Assael, M. (1998). Thermophysical properties of fluids. London: Imperial College Press. (來自書籍) Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2019). International Merchandise Imports Australia, January 2019 (No. ), Retrieved February 18, 2019 from .nsf/mf/?OpenDocument 注:如為自己繪制圖表,一般應用“Table +A brief but clear explanatory title.”(此處為斜體)表示。 Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P., amp。 Yan, 2019). P. 轉(zhuǎn)引,即非直接從原著作中引用,而是轉(zhuǎn)引自他人曾引用的內(nèi)容,應使用“as cited in…”注明. 如: Seidenberg and McClelland’s study (as cited in Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, amp。一般的學術期刊都會提供期刊名稱及文獻題目的英文翻譯,作者不要自己隨便翻譯?!妒ソ?jīng)》各篇的縮寫有標準的寫法,因而使用時應該注意核對。以后每次從該小說引用后, 只注明頁碼即可, 毋需再加尾注。 bk. 2, ch. 10). 如果論文是有關小說評論,因一般都需從同一小說中反復引用,為方便起見,在第一次引用后用圓括弧注明頁碼,在加一個尾注,用上標標出。(注意標點和縮略語的使用。例如: 第一次引用:(lines 58)。) When Homer’s Odysseus es to the hall of Circe, he finds his