【正文】 s representative 工程師代表 engineering project 工程項(xiàng)目 international project 國(guó)際工程 overseas project 海外工程 domestic project 國(guó)內(nèi)工程 equipment 設(shè)備 expatriate 外籍職員 expert 專(zhuān)家 export 出口 Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商聯(lián)合會(huì) formal 正式的 hydromechanical works 金結(jié)工程 import 進(jìn)口 in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)、主管 informal 非正式的 Institution of Civil Engineers(ICE) 土木工程師協(xié)會(huì) instrument 儀器、器械 insurance 保險(xiǎn) labour 勞務(wù) layout 布置 leading pany(sponsor)牽頭公司、責(zé)任公司 liability(responsibility/obligation) 責(zé)任、義務(wù) lump sump 總包 machinery 機(jī)械 manpower(human resource) 人力資源 Manufacturer 制造商 material 材料 measure 辦法、措施 take effective measures 采取有效措施 measurement 測(cè)量、計(jì)量 memorandum 備忘錄 mobilization 進(jìn)場(chǎng) objection 反對(duì) payment 支付 plant 設(shè)備 point of view(opinion) 觀點(diǎn)、意見(jiàn) prequalification 資格預(yù)審 procurement 采購(gòu) profit 利潤(rùn) progress control 進(jìn)度控制 project manager 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理 quality control 質(zhì)量控制 request(application) 申請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求 review 審查 risk 風(fēng)險(xiǎn) river closure 截流 river diversion 導(dǎo)流 safety 安全 2 signature 簽名 site 工地、現(xiàn)場(chǎng) site engineer 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工程師 specification 規(guī)格、規(guī)范 staff 職員 Subcontractor 分包商 submission 提交 supervise 監(jiān)督、監(jiān)視 Supplier 供貨商 the International Chamber of Commerce國(guó)際商會(huì) unit price 單價(jià) variation(change) 變更 World Bank 世界銀行 二、工程施工類(lèi) （一）工程施工 土建類(lèi) ◆開(kāi)挖與支護(hù)（ Excavation and Support) 明挖（ Open Excavation ) bench excavation 臺(tái)階開(kāi)挖 concrete excavation 砼開(kāi)挖 fault excavation 斷層開(kāi)挖 foundation excavation 基礎(chǔ)開(kāi)挖 local excavation 局部開(kāi)挖 mass(bulk) excavation 大面積開(kāi)挖 protective layer excavation 保護(hù)層開(kāi)挖 rock excavation 巖石開(kāi)挖 slope excavation 邊坡開(kāi)挖 soft ground excavation 軟基開(kāi)挖 soil excavation 土方開(kāi)挖 structural excavation 結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)挖 tooth excavation 齒槽開(kāi)挖 unclassified material excavation 不分類(lèi)料開(kāi)挖 coefficient of nonuniformity 開(kāi)挖不均勻系數(shù) cutoff trench 截水槽 dewatering(drainage) 排水 excavation pit 開(kāi)挖基坑 intensity of excavation 開(kāi)挖強(qiáng)度 overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖 pump sump 水泵坑 Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖 underbreak treatment 欠挖處理 洞挖及地下開(kāi)挖（ Tunnel and Underground Excavation) a round of excavation 一個(gè)開(kāi)挖循環(huán) adit 支洞 advance 進(jìn)尺 advances depth 進(jìn)尺深度 breaking hole 崩落孔 cushion hole 緩 沖孔 drift 掏槽 bottom drift 底部掏槽 center drift 中心掏槽 side drift 邊部掏槽 top drift 頂部掏槽 drilling 鉆孔 driving(progress) rate 進(jìn)尺率 easer 掏槽孔 erecting supports for the roof and side wall 對(duì)頂拱及邊墻進(jìn)行支護(hù) full face excavation 全斷面開(kāi)挖 heading and bench excavation 導(dǎo)流與臺(tái)階開(kāi)挖 loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 裝拉渣 loading (charging) 裝藥 perimeter hole 周邊孔 pilot tunnel 導(dǎo)洞 removing dust 除塵 removing ground water 清除地面積水 shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮 top heading excavation 上導(dǎo)洞開(kāi)挖 ventilation 通風(fēng) 鉆孔爆破 (Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 廢孔 average hole depth 平均孔深 average quantity used in unit volume blasted 平均單耗 blasting result 爆破結(jié)果 blockness 塊度 controlled perimeter blasting 周邊控制爆破 data of explosive filled 裝藥參數(shù) data of holes drilled 鉆孔參數(shù) delayed blasting 延時(shí)爆破 exploratory hole 探孔 explosive quantity 藥量 explosive quantity in a sound 單響藥量 handling misfire 處理啞炮 light charge 少量裝藥 loosening blasting 松動(dòng)爆破 pattern 布孔方式 distance between holes 孔距 distance between rows 排距 post shearing blasting 微差爆破 prespliting blasting 預(yù)裂爆破 quantity of holes 孔數(shù) 3 smooth blasting 光面爆破 延時(shí)支護(hù) (rock support) expansion shell rock bolt 脹殼式張拉錨桿 feature rock anchor 隨機(jī)錨索 feature rock bolt 隨機(jī)張拉錨桿 feature rock dowel 隨機(jī)砂漿錨桿 feature rock reinforcement 隨機(jī)加固 lattice girder 鋼桁架、格構(gòu)大梁 pattern cement grouted rock dowel 系統(tǒng)水泥漿錨桿 pattern resin grouted rock dowel 系統(tǒng)樹(shù)脂漿錨桿 pattern rock dowel 系統(tǒng)砂漿錨桿 pattern rock reinforcement 系統(tǒng)加固 permanent rock support 永久支護(hù) posttensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后張拉水泥漿錨索 rebound material 回彈料 return rock bolt 回頭張拉錨桿 return rock reinforcement 回頭加固 shotcrete anchorage 噴錨 shotcrete with wire mesh 掛網(wǎng)噴砼 steel fabric shotcrete 鋼纖維噴砼 steel rib 鋼拱架 temporary rock support 臨時(shí)支護(hù) tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 樹(shù)脂張拉錨桿 ◆土石料的填筑及碾壓施工工序（ Working Sequence) backfill 回填 blend 混合 pact 碾壓 controlled sprinkling 控制灑水 cut the slope 削坡 dump 卸料 exploit 開(kāi)采 level 整平 load 裝料 moisture condition 水分調(diào)節(jié) place and spread 攤鋪 remove 清除 replace 重新回填 retreat (do the work again) 返工 scarify 翻松、刨毛 screen and wash 篩分和沖洗 take a sample 取樣 test 測(cè)試 transport 運(yùn)輸 treat 處理 trim 修整 缺陷（ Defects） calcium particles 姜石 contaminated material 受污染料 declination of the boundary 料界偏差 dry 干燥 lack of paction 漏壓 lump sump 結(jié)塊 muddy 泥濘 oversize material 超粒徑材料 pocket 囊穴 seepage 滲流 separation 分離 shear area 剪力區(qū) lens 透鏡體 其它（ Others) bonding surface 結(jié)合面 byproduct 副產(chǎn)品 controlling parameter 控制參數(shù) fill placement record 填筑記錄 frog area 蛙夯區(qū) required embankment 必要填方 subzone 分區(qū) ◆混凝土（ Concrete ） airentrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加氣砼 asphalt concrete 瀝青砼 blinding concrete 墊層砼 castin situ(site/place)concrete 現(xiàn)澆砼 plastic concrete 塑料砼 fibrous concrete 纖維砼 first stage concrete 一期砼 foamed concrete 泡沫砼 highperformance concrete 高性能砼 highstrength concrete 高強(qiáng)砼 intrusion concrete 壓漿砼 lean concrete (poor concrete) 貧砼 lightweight aggregate concrete 輕骨料砼 mass concrete 大體積砼 nonfines concrete 無(wú)砂砼 nonplastic concrete 干硬性砼 nonshrinkage concrete 無(wú)收縮砼 normal concrete 常態(tài)砼 plain concrete 素砼 porous concrete 多孔砼 4 prestressed concrete 預(yù)應(yīng)力砼 pump concrete 泵送砼 reinforced concrete 鋼筋砼 roller pacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾壓砼 second stage concrete 二期 砼 作業(yè)（ Activity） clearance(clearing) 清理 concrete pouring(placement/casting) 砼澆筑 curing 養(yǎng)護(hù) Membrance curing 薄膜養(yǎng)護(hù) moist curing 濕潤(rùn)養(yǎng)護(hù) normal curing 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)養(yǎng)護(hù) steam curing 蒸汽養(yǎng)護(hù) repairing 修理 Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 鑿毛 greencutti