外文翻譯---模具成型軋制-wenkub.com
2025-08-06 06:54 本頁面
【正文】 然而，冷加工除了其他局限性以外（如難以加工高強(qiáng)度和脆性材料以及大的產(chǎn)品尺寸），該工藝還有一個不好的特性，即無法防止防腐蝕性能明顯減小。當(dāng)需要非常精確地控制尺寸時，熱加工就不太適合，因為金屬的表面會生成氧化皮而收縮或損失；再者，由于氧化物的形成和起氧化皮表面光潔度很差。除此之外，要成功地完成一些工藝應(yīng)變硬化可能是必不可少的（如在拉深中，冷作硬化可防止應(yīng)力最大處的深處圓周周圍的材料斷裂）。這一討論將有助于為給定的情況選擇適合的加工條件。擠壓這是一道基本上類似于閉式磨具鍛造的工藝。拉深在拉深中，杯形產(chǎn)品是在一個凸模和一個凹模的幫助下由一塊金屬板獲得的。鍛造 鍛造時，材料在兩個和多個磨具間受到擠壓以改變其形狀和尺寸。為了更好地理解各種成形操作地機(jī)械學(xué)原理，我們將簡要討論每一種方法。兩種成形方法的摩擦特性也完全不同。如果加工溫度高于材料的再結(jié)晶溫度，那么這一過程就叫熱變形，否則，這一個過程就被稱為冷變形。加載的類型可以是拉應(yīng)力、壓應(yīng)力、彎曲應(yīng)力或剪應(yīng)力，或者是這些類型的組合。英語翻譯FormingForming can be defined as a process in which the desired size and shape are obtained through the plastic deformations of a material. The stresses induced during the process are greater than the yield strength, but less than the fracture strength, of the material. The type of loading may be tensile, pressive, bending, or shearing, or a bination of these. This is a very economical process as the desired shape, size, and finish can be obtained without any significant loss of material. Moreover, a part of the input energy is fruitfully utilized in improving the strength of the product through strain hardening. The forming processes can be grouped under two broad categories, namely, cold forming, and hot forming. If the working temperature is higher than the recrystallization temperature of the material, then the process is called hot forming. Otherwise the process is termed as cold forming. The flow stress behavior of a material is entirely different above a
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