【正文】 例如： 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 Sample 1 Nowadays more and more students take parttime jobs. They help in shops?？梢妼W(xué)會正確使用連接詞對段落的協(xié)調(diào)連貫是非常重要的 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 (Completeness) 這里段落的完整性指整個(gè)段落在意義上的完整性。只有這樣，讀者才能跟上作者的思路，明白他講的意思。 Sample 2 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 2. 段落的連貫性 (Coherence)。 3. 段落的完整性 (Completeness)。 Example 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 Let’s Speak for Ourselves Most of us depend too much on preprinted greeting cards to express our feelings on special occasion. Instead of making an effort to say what we feel, we municate almost exclusively through words written by professional card writers. We send preprinted cards for birthday, anniversaries, congratulations, major holidays, and numerous other events. We use these cards to express love, longing, regrets, and congratulations. Most of these cards municate their messagesour messagesthrough corny (平淡的 )rhymes or silly jokes. What an improvement it would be if we purchased cards that were blank inside and took the time to write our own words, or if we telephoned or sent a handwritten note. Our words might not be as slick（靈巧的） or funny as storebought sentiments, but they would certainly be more genuine. Topic Sentence Supporting Sentences Conclusion Example 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 段落的第一句是主題句，清楚地表述了中心思想，其他句子都與中心思想有關(guān)，具體的例子和理由對中心思想提供了支持。主題句位于句首，開段明義，讓讀者很快就能了解作者要說明的問題。主題句 給出談?wù)摰脑掝}，或著段落的主旨即中心思想；支持句是對主題句進(jìn)行的闡釋、說明、例證或引申等；關(guān)聯(lián)句使主題句和各支持句連貫成一個(gè)整體；結(jié)論句對全段作總結(jié)，往往照應(yīng)主題句，起承上的作用。內(nèi)容連貫則要求文字條理清晰，層次結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，句與句之間有內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系。正是許多這樣的語段相結(jié)合，才構(gòu)成了 語篇。 ) 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 1. I needed someone to help me. I couldn’t find anyone. I had to do it all on my own. 2. These children took their naps. They unrolled their sleeping mats. 3. My car is not starting on cold mornings. I think the battery needs to be replaced. I already had it recharged once. I don’t think it would help to charge it again. 4. The pipes had frozen. The heat had gone off. We phoned the plumber. He couldn’t e for two days. He has been swamped with emergency calls. ,but ,so Before , Because , ,so because ,but as 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 第二節(jié) 英語段落 (Paragraphs) 語段，又叫 “ 句群 ” ，是由句子組成的語言表達(dá)單位，它是句子和語篇之間的中間層次。 Example 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 ? I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be selfevident, that all men are created equal. I have a dream by Martin Luther King 我夢想有一天，這個(gè)國家會站立起來，真正實(shí)現(xiàn)其信條的真諦： “ 我們認(rèn)為這些真理是不言而喻的；人人生而平等。金（ Martin Luther King）著名的演說 《 我有一個(gè)夢想 》 （ I have a dream）。 a. He worked hard day and night to pass the exams. 應(yīng)該為： To pass the exams, he worked hard day and night. b. He spoke slowly and emphatically to make everything clear. 應(yīng)該為： To make everything clear, he spoke slowly and emphatically. 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 (2) 句型多樣化 。 (1) 句子開頭多樣化 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 ① 分詞或分詞短語開頭。 兩三個(gè)詞性相同的詞連成一串，形成平行結(jié)構(gòu)。 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 又如： He gave many reasons for his failure, but the reasons he gave were not convincing. 應(yīng)改為： He gave many reasons for his failure, but none of them was convincing. Example 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 (2) 避免使用累贅的詞 。 the government should do something about it. 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 同步練習(xí) : Correct the following sentences if necessary 1. There are always a lot of good news over the radio. 2. Each of the plans has its advantage. 3. Either you or I are to clean the room. 4. All those who want to go on the trip should get his equipment ready immediately. is am their 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 5. Paid little attention to his table manners. teacher giving such a hard exam. He paid little attention to his table manners. (add a subject) The teacher is giving such a hard exam. (add a helping verb) 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 only five years old, my father took me to a circus(雜技團(tuán) ). _____ When only five years old, I was taken to a circus by my father. _____ When I was only five years old, my father took me to a circus. 8. A car drove down the street decked with ribbon. （用緞帶裝飾起來的） ____ A car decked with ribbon drove down the street. (Misplaced modifier誤置修飾語） 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 (Conciseness) 簡潔就是用盡可能少的詞表達(dá)盡可能充分的意思。 a. First stop the noise and then you may start discussion. 應(yīng)改為 ： First stop the noise and then start discussion. 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 b. Students should learn to solve problems independently. Don’t rely on your parents’ help. 應(yīng)改為 ： b. Students should learn to solve problems independently. They should not rely on their parents’ help. 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 ④ 人稱和數(shù)的隨意轉(zhuǎn)換。 英語句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等在句中必須保持一致，隨意轉(zhuǎn)換往往造成句子意思模糊不清。 應(yīng)改為： When a person gets married, he takes on new responsibilities.(泛指 ) 或： When you get married, you take on new responsibilities. (特指 ) c. The city has about one million. c句中，“ one million”究竟指什么，缺乏必要的細(xì)節(jié)說明，應(yīng)改為： 修改： The city has a population of one million. 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 (2) 缺乏連貫性。 (1) 缺乏必要的細(xì)節(jié)。它至少是一個(gè)簡單句，只能有一個(gè)中心思想。 (1) 結(jié)構(gòu)上的完整 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 Sentence Completeness Wrong: My name Helen. 漢語句子可以不用動詞，主語也可以省略，而英語句子一般需要有主語和謂語動詞才算完整。 Example 對此問題，請及時(shí)加以注意。在此，謹(jǐn)向有關(guān)作者致以誠摯的謝意。 《 英語應(yīng)用文寫作 》 旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生借助英文進(jìn)行實(shí)際寫作的能力。 《英語應(yīng)用文寫作》多媒體 教學(xué) 課件 本書特點(diǎn)如下： 1. 指導(dǎo)性 本書對各類英語應(yīng)用文的寫法按類型、格式、 語言特點(diǎn)、常用句型等加以全面介紹?！?大學(xué)英語課程教學(xué)要求 》 中對寫作的實(shí)用性提出了具體要求。特別是 《 高職高專教育英語課程基本要求 》 中對學(xué)生的寫作能力培養(yǎng)做出了明確規(guī)定。 2．針對性 本書針對 “ 高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試 ” 的寫作要求結(jié)合歷年實(shí)考真題進(jìn)行歸納、剖析 ,使學(xué)習(xí)者通過學(xué)習(xí)不僅能獲取有針對性的指導(dǎo)還能接觸到最新、最全的考試信息，以便有針對性地迎考備考。本教材主要包括基礎(chǔ)寫作知識