【正文】 it alone creates the noble and the sublime, while the herd as such remains dull in thought and dull in feeling. This topic brings me to that worst outcrop of herd life, the military system, which I abhor. That a man can take pleasure in marching in fours to the strains of a band is enough to make me despise him. He has only been given his big brain by mistake。 it is conducive to a view of life which, in particular, gives humor its due. To inquire after the meaning or object of one39。s saying, A man can do what he wants, but not want what he wants, has been a very real inspiration to me since my youth。作 家應(yīng)當(dāng)把他要說的東西寫出來，而不是講出來。這樣他就有幸會(huì)獲得成功。一個(gè)在稠人廣眾之中成長起來的作家，自然可以免除孤苦寂寥之慮，但他的作品往往流于平庸。 要求我國的大使在這兒宣讀一篇演說，把一個(gè)作家心中所感受到的一切都說盡是不可能的。s loneliness but I doubt if they improve his writing. He grows in public stature as he sheds his loneliness and often his work deteriorates. For he does his work alone and if he is a good enough writer he must face eternity, or the lack of it, each day. For a true writer each book should be a new beginning where he tries again for something that is beyond attainment. He should always try for something that has never been done or that others have tried and failed. Then sometimes, with great luck, he will succeed. How simple the writing of literature would be if it were only necessary to write in another way what has been well written. It is because we have had such great writers in the past that a writer is driven far out past where he can go, out to where no one can help him. I have spoken too long for a writer. A writer should write what he has to say and not speak it. Again I thank you. 海明威諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)致答辭 我不善辭令，缺乏演說的才能，只想感謝阿弗雷德 ?諾貝爾評(píng)獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)的委員們慷慨授予我這項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)金。我是不以為人類會(huì)滅亡的，因?yàn)槟阒灰胂肴丝梢允朗来煌５胤毖芟氯?，就這點(diǎn)我們即可說人類是不朽的。 所以每位作家都應(yīng)該了解，世界上最怯懦的事情就是害怕；應(yīng)該忘了恐懼感，而把全部心力放在屬于人類情感的真理上，如愛、榮譽(yù)感、同情心、自尊心，以及犧牲的精神。s voice need not merely be the record of man, it can be one of the props, the pillars to help him endure and prevail. 人類的精神 威廉 英語經(jīng)典散文 7 Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech The spirit of man by William Faulkner I feel that this award was not made to me as a man, but to my work a life39。他是一位成功且多產(chǎn)的作家，在長篇小說、短篇小說和戲劇領(lǐng)域里都有建樹。薩默塞特 作者介紹 : 威廉有些人性格比較堅(jiān)毅，機(jī)會(huì)也較多，因此在這個(gè)或者那個(gè)方向上，更能自由地發(fā)揮自己的天資，但是人類潛質(zhì)都 是同樣的。 但當(dāng)我們?cè)u(píng)判別人時(shí)，情況就不一樣了。我想，原因是我們了解一切導(dǎo)致過失出現(xiàn)的情況，因而，能夠想法原諒自己犯了一些不容許他人犯的過錯(cuò)。培根（ Francis Bacon ， 1561— 1626）是英國哲學(xué)家和科學(xué)家。滾球利睪腎，射箭利胸肺，慢步利腸胃，騎術(shù)利頭腦，諸如此類。 讀書使人充實(shí)，討論使人機(jī)智，筆記使人準(zhǔn)確。讀書時(shí)不可存心詰難作者，不可盡信書上所言，亦不可只為尋章摘句，而應(yīng)推敲細(xì)思。練達(dá)之士雖能分別處理細(xì)事或一一判別枝節(jié)，然縱觀統(tǒng)籌、全局策劃，則舍好學(xué)深思者莫屬。 for they are cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers39。 riding for the head。 logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies。 poets witty。 but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like mon distilled waters, flashy things. Reading make a full man。 but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。 for they teach not their own use。 but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, e best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth。丘吉爾爵士（ Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill， 1874 年 11 月30 日 — 1965 年 1 月 24 日），政治家、演說家及作 家以及記者， 1953 年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主，曾于 1940－ 1945年及 1951－ 1955 年期間兩度任英國首相，被認(rèn)為是 20 世紀(jì)最重要的政治領(lǐng)袖之一，帶領(lǐng)英國獲得第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的勝利。以這種方式褻瀆神靈的人們將遭到報(bào)應(yīng)和懲罰，因?yàn)樗麄兊奈淦鲗⒎催^來對(duì)付他們自己。但我們深信，人類的命運(yùn)是非常積極向上的。 當(dāng)歷史巨大的卷軸展開之時(shí)，許多錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的事件出現(xiàn)了，而這些事件是很難有效地納入我們這個(gè)時(shí)代人們好惡模式之中。他的獨(dú)特個(gè)性和改革主義政策，使他成為美國歷史上最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一。羅斯福（ Theodore Roosevelt， Jr.，人稱老羅斯福，暱稱泰迪（ Teddy） 1858 年 10 月27 日 — 1919 年 1 月 6 日），美國軍事家、政治 家，第 26 任總統(tǒng) (19011909)。有人說一個(gè)沒有歷史的國家是得天獨(dú)厚的，這是卑鄙的謊言。如果他能把換取到的此類的自由加以正確地運(yùn)用，仍然做些實(shí)際的工作，盡管那些工作是屬于另一類的，不論是作一名作家還是將軍，不論是在政界還是在探險(xiǎn)和冒險(xiǎn)方面做些事情，都表明了他沒有辜負(fù)自己的好運(yùn)。失敗是艱難的，但是從不曾努力去爭取成功，卻更為糟糕。 the man who never wrongs his neighbor, who is prompt to help a friend, but who has those virile qualities necessary to win in the stern strife of actual life. It is hard to fail, but it is worse never to have tried to succeed. In this life we get nothing save by effort. Freedom from effort in the present merely means that there has been stored up effort in the past. A man can be freed from the necessity of work only by the fact that he or his fathers before him have worked to good purpose. If the freedom thus purchased is used aright, and the man still does actual work, though of a different kind, whether as a writer or a general, whether in the field of politics or in the field of exploration and adventure, he shows he deserves his good fortune. But if he treats this period of freedom from the need of actual labor as a period, not of preparation, but of mere enjoyment, even though perhaps not of vicious enjoyment, he shows that he is simply a cumberer of the earth39。 這就是我的生活，我認(rèn)為值得一過。 愛的力量和知識(shí)的力量引我接近天堂，但同情之心往往又把我拉回大地。我尋求愛，其次是因?yàn)閻勰芙獬陋?dú) —— 在這種可怕的孤獨(dú) 中，一顆顫抖的良心在世界的邊緣，注視著下面冰涼、毫無生氣、望不見底的深淵。 1838 年發(fā)表題為《神學(xué)院致辭》的演講，充分發(fā)展了超驗(yàn)主義的思想，即反對(duì)權(quán)威，崇尚直覺，主張人能超越感覺和理性而直接認(rèn)識(shí)真理。 作者介紹： 愛默生（ 18031882），美國思想家，散文家，詩人， 19 世紀(jì)超驗(yàn)主義的代表人物。尤其是愛情所激發(fā)的罪行，從施罪者的角度看，似乎一切都理所當(dāng)然，但這罪畢竟貽害社會(huì)。換句話說，人人都為自己想好一個(gè)安全維度，而這個(gè)安全是不能讓別人來享用的。每一天在人們的舉手投足之間都體現(xiàn)了一種無須掩飾的神性。s point of view, but, when acted, are found destructive of society. No man at last believes that he can be lost, nor that the crime in him is as black as in the felon. Because the intellect qualifies in our own case the moral judgments. For there is no crime to the intellect. That is antinomian or hypernomian, and judges law as well as fact. Life（生命） [美國 ]愛默生 生命可以被想象，但是不能被割裂，也不能被復(fù)制。英語經(jīng)典散文 1 Life by Ralph Waldo Emerson From ESSAY II Experience Life will be imaged, but cannot be divided nor doubled. Any invasion of its unity would be chaos. The soul is not