【正文】 e creative, sentient individual, the personality。, and an unfailing wellspring of tolerance. This realization mercifully mitigates the easily paralyzing sense of responsibility and prevents us from taking ourselves and other people all too seriously。 for what purpose be knows not, though he sometimes thinks he senses it. But without deeper reflection one knows from daily life that one exists for other peoplefirst of all for those upon whose smiles and wellbeing our own happiness is wholly dependent, and then for the many, unknown to us, to whose destinies we are bound by the ties of sympathy. A hundred times every day I remind myself that my inner and outer life are based on the labors of other men, living and dead, and that I must exert myself in order to give in the same measure as I have received and am still receiving. I am strongly drawn to a frugal life and am often oppressively aware that I am engrossing an undue amount of the labor of my fellowmen. I regard class distinctions as unjustified and, in the last resort, based on force. I also believe that a simple and unassuming life is good for everybody, physically and mentally. I do not at all believe in human freedom in the philosophical sense. Everybody acts not only under external pulsion but also in accordance with inner necessity. Schopenhauer39。 作為一個(gè)作家，我已經(jīng)講得太多了。他應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)嘗試去做那些從來(lái)沒(méi)有人做過(guò)或者他人沒(méi)有做成的事。作家的組織固然可以排遣他們的孤獨(dú)，但是我懷疑它們未必能夠促進(jìn)作家的創(chuàng)作。在座的每個(gè)人都可以根據(jù) 他的學(xué)識(shí)和良心提出自己的名單來(lái)。 but eventually they are quite clear and by these and the degree of alchemy that he possesses he will endure or be fotten. Writing, at its best, is a lonely life. Organizations for writers palliate the writer39。 如果他能先認(rèn)清那些真理，才能儼然以萬(wàn)古不朽之軀來(lái)創(chuàng)作。 我們目前的悲劇是，每個(gè)人都只懼怕肉體的痛苦，但時(shí)間久了，對(duì)此懼怕也習(xí)以為常，而全然不考慮到 精神問(wèn)題，只是老想著：我什么時(shí) 候會(huì)被炸？由于這點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)今的男女寫作時(shí)，就完全忘了惟有描寫人類內(nèi)心的自我沖突才能成為上乘之作，也惟有那種主題才值得花心力去寫。s, duty is to write about these things. It is his privilege to help man endure by lifting his heart, by reminding him of the courage and honor and hope and pride and passion and pity and sacrifice which have been the glory of his past. The poet39。王爾德風(fēng)化案之后的一代英國(guó)作家，毛姆在自己的作品中小心避免了與同性戀有關(guān)的各種題材，盡管他本人也曾擁有一段長(zhǎng)達(dá)三十年的同性戀情。《人性枷鎖》是其畢業(yè)生心血巨著，也為他奠定了偉大小說(shuō)家的不朽的地位。威廉同時(shí)，若因此使我們?cè)诳创藭r(shí)，即使是對(duì)天下最優(yōu)秀最令人尊敬的人，也可以有幽默感的話，而且也不太苛求自己，那也是很有益的。他們皆是偉大與渺小，善良與邪惡，高貴與低賤的混合體。缺點(diǎn)是我們自己的一部分，我們必須接納自己的好與壞。 but who can say that he has never told not one, but a hundred? There is not much to choose between men. They are all a hotchpotch of greatness and littleness, of virtue and vice, of nobility and baseness. Some have more strength of character, or more opportunity, and so in one direction or another give their instincts freer play, but potentially they are the same. For my part, I do not think I am any better or any worse than most people, but I know that if I set down every action in my life and every thought that has crossed my mind, the world would consider me a monster of depravity. The knowledge that these reveries are mon to all men should inspire one with tolerance to oneself as well as to others. It is well also if they enable us to look upon our felllows, even the most eminent and respectable, with humor, and if they lead us to take ourselves not too seriously. 微塵與棟梁 威廉 薩默塞特 毛姆 (英國(guó) ) 令人好奇的是，與他人的過(guò)失相比，我們自己的過(guò)失往往不是那么的可憎。（王佐良先生譯） 作者介紹 :弗蘭西斯人之才智但有滯礙，無(wú)不可讀適當(dāng)之書使之順暢，一如身體百病，皆可借相宜之運(yùn)動(dòng)除之。書亦可請(qǐng)人代讀，取其所作摘要，但只限題材較次或價(jià)值不高者， 否則書經(jīng)提煉猶如水經(jīng)蒸餾、淡而無(wú)味矣。有一技之長(zhǎng)者鄙讀書，無(wú)知者羨讀書，唯明智之士用讀書，然書并不以用處告人，用書之智不在書中，而在書外，全憑觀察得之。其怡情也，最見(jiàn)于獨(dú)處幽居之時(shí)；其傅彩也，最見(jiàn)于高談闊論之中；其長(zhǎng)才也，最見(jiàn)于處世判事之際。 for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen。 gentle walking for the stomach。 moral grave。 if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise。 and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them bothers。 nor to find talk and discourse。 and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them。 and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one。斯賓塞如果它被用來(lái)幫助強(qiáng)者壓迫弱者，掠奪熟睡的人們，它就是懷著不虔誠(chéng)的動(dòng)機(jī)去利用真理。 現(xiàn)在科學(xué)用一只手給我們奉獻(xiàn)了一個(gè)黃金年代，但同時(shí)又用另一只手給我們制造了一個(gè)厄運(yùn)，我們自從石器時(shí)代以及任何人類歷史開始以來(lái)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)建造起 來(lái)的一切都將陷入困境。 丘吉爾 在搖曳燈光的照耀下，歷史在過(guò)去 的小路上蹣跚，試圖重建過(guò)去的景象，恢復(fù)往日的回聲，并想用微弱的光芒點(diǎn)燃往日的激情。麥金萊 (William McKinley)被無(wú)政府主義者刺殺身亡，他繼任成為美國(guó)總統(tǒng)，時(shí)年 42 歲，是美國(guó)歷史上最年輕的在任總統(tǒng)。 作者介紹 ： 西奧多 于個(gè)人如此，對(duì)國(guó)家也是這樣。一個(gè)人不必工作，除非他或他的祖先曾經(jīng)努力工作過(guò)，并取得了豐厚的收 獲。我們欽佩那種表現(xiàn)出奮力向上的人，那種永不屈待鄰人，能隨時(shí)幫助朋友，但是也具有那些剛健的性質(zhì)，足以在實(shí)際生活的嚴(yán)酷斗爭(zhēng)中獲取勝利的人。 英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典散文 3 The Strenuous Life by Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919) A life of slothful ease, a life of that peace which springs merely from lack either of desire or of power to strive after great things, is as little worthy of a nation as of an individual. We do not admire the man of timid peace. We admire the man who embodies victorious effort。我渴望消除一切邪惡，但我辦不到，因?yàn)槲易约阂蔡幱诳嚯y之中。 我懷著同樣的激情去尋找知識(shí)，我曾渴望著理解人心，我曾渴望知道為何星星會(huì)閃爍，我還企圖弄懂畢達(dá)哥拉斯所謂的用數(shù)字控制變化的力量，但在這方面，我只知道一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。 我曾經(jīng)尋找愛(ài)，首先是因?yàn)樗苁刮倚老踩艨?—— 這種喜悅之情如此強(qiáng)烈，使我常常寧愿為這幾個(gè)小時(shí)的愉悅而犧牲生命中的其他一切。 1837 年發(fā)表《論美國(guó)學(xué)者》，抨擊美國(guó)社會(huì)中靈魂從屬于金錢的拜金主義和資本主義勞動(dòng)分工使人異化為物的現(xiàn)象，強(qiáng)調(diào)人的價(jià)值，被譽(yù)為“思想上的獨(dú)立宣言”。智力是反法律主義或超法律主義的，它判斷著法律就像判斷著事實(shí)一樣。行兇一事并不難策劃，但去考慮后果的話，它卻能愈演愈烈，發(fā)出一系列叮當(dāng)作響的恐慌聲，把一切的關(guān)聯(lián)都破壞。我們充滿自信的一個(gè)例子是：人們從來(lái)不像他們想 象的那樣蔑視罪惡。雖然早晚都要像嬰兒那樣被孕育成熟，長(zhǎng)得也像嬰兒，卻有著一種無(wú)敵的力量能決定命運(yùn)，不能接受同一個(gè)生命。 it does not unsettle him, or fright him from his ordinary notice of trifles: it is an act quite easy to be contemplated, but in its sequel, it turns out to be a horrible jangle and confounding of all relations. Especially the crimes that spring from love, seem right and fair from the actor39。 in its quality, and in its consequences. Murder in the murderer