【正文】 Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在這兒的時候, 你愛人和孩子在哪兒呆呢？2. 用連詞or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also 等連接的并列主語, 謂語動詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致。3. :Fifteen minus five is ten . 15減去5等于10。Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的蘋果都是爛的。 以及The United Nations聯(lián)合國 等作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 以ics 結尾的學科名稱如: physics, mathematics, economics。 但在代表不可數(shù)的東西時總是看作單數(shù),因而謂語動詞要用單數(shù). 如:None of us are (is) perfect. 人無完人。5. each of + 復數(shù)代詞, 謂語動詞用單數(shù). 復數(shù)代詞+each, :Each of us has something to say. 我們每個人都有話要說。s up to you.第六章 主謂一致 主謂一致，: He is going abroad. They are playing football.　可分為:語法一致, 內(nèi)容一致, 就近一致.(一) 語法一致原則: 即主語為單數(shù),謂語用單數(shù),主語為復數(shù),謂語也用復數(shù). 以下為注意事項:1. 單數(shù)主語即使后面帶有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引導的短語, 謂語動詞仍用單數(shù).如: Air as well as water is matter. 空氣和水都是物質.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了兩個仆人外, 沒有一個人遲來用餐。s worth it. 21. Believe it or “信不信由你” 例 Believe it or not, Tom is getting married to Mary next Sunday. 22. Take it or leave it. v. 要么接受要么放棄 例 That is my last offer. You can take it or leave it. 23. It all depends/that all depends 在口語中，相當于it hasn39。m not sure it39。ll be punished.) 14. As it happened, … 在口語中，相當于it39。ll really catch it form our teacher if we39。s so much. 表示“至此為止，沒有別的了” 例 You can have one more sweet, and that39。t for Tom, I wouldn39。s hard to make it to the top in show business. (2).在口語中相當于fix the date for,表示“約定好時間” 例 —Shall we meet next week? —OK. We just make it next Saturday. 2. as it is (1).相當于in fact, in reality表示“事實上，實際情況是……” 例 We had planed to finish the task today, but as it is we probably won39。 在使用強調(diào)句型時需注意以下幾點： 1. 請注意強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句 例 When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？ 2. 在強調(diào)原因狀語從句時，只能強調(diào)由because所引導的從句 例 It was because he was ill that he didn39。t mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 賓語從句緊跟it之后 例 I hate it you can swim so well and I can39。s) doing (adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth one39。s the third time that he has failed the driving test. 5. It is/has been… since …continuous ved(延續(xù)性動詞) 某動作已有多長時間不發(fā)生了 例 It39。s (just)(un)like sb. to do…（不）像某人做某事的風格 例 It was (just) like him to think of helping us. 3. It39。s surprising that… (should)………竟然…… It39。s (well)worth one39。 It 作形式主語的常見句型： 1. 代作主語的動詞不定式，其句型為 (1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此處adj. 通常為描述事件的形容詞：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, wellmannered, illmannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous… 例 It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此處adj. 通常為描述人的形容詞：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. 例 It39?！?.　在某些表示祝愿的句型中，例如：　　May you all be happy.　望大家開心愉快。例如：　　 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.　盡管他愿意努力工作，但是他好像從來都不能令他的工作満意。　注意：如果句子為主從復合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝　 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 他只有病得非常嚴重時才會臥床休息。　的確很大。意為的確如此。例如：　 1) Tom can speak French. So can Jack.　Tom能說法語，我也能。　注意：只有當Not only… but also連接兩個分句時，才在第一個分句用倒裝結構。常見的詞語有： not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than …等。例如：　　1) I have never seen such a 。　　2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.　你在哪兒都不會找到這個問題的答案。二　部分倒裝　 部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語之前。例如：　　1) Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.　轟炸機下面發(fā)出了一顆導彈。常見的結構有：　1. here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動詞常用be, e, go, lie, run。注意:當從句主語和主句主語不一致時,從句部分要么用完全形式,要么用獨立主格結構來表達。t solve the problem even if (he were) to take ,他也解決不了這個問題。t go there with us unless (he is) ,否則他不會和我們一道去那里。Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous ,而現(xiàn)在是位著名的導演了。Whenever (she is) free, she often goes 。例如:If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the ,他會幫你擺脫困境。④由as, as if等引導的方式狀語從句。因此,有必要對其進行全面、透徹的了解。從句中的主語和be動詞?？墒÷?。9． A is to B what /as X is to Y。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He won’t listen whatever you may say.8．一般用在句首結果狀語從句常用引導詞：so … that, so… that, such … that,特殊引導詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.6．地點狀語從句常用引導詞：where特殊引導詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3．盡管種類較多，但由于狀語從句與漢語結構和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因狀語從句）狀語的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。I should like to use the same tool as is used here.We should have such a dictionary as he is using.第三章 狀語從句狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。As we all know, he never smokes.(2) as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which。As we know, smoking is harmful to one39。m surprised the way how (by which) he works out the problem.注意：①在非限制性定語從句中，介詞+ which結構不能代替關系副詞。The first English book that I read was The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twin.d)先行詞既有人，又有物時。t work hard will never succeed in his work.④在There be句型中There is a stranger who wants to see you.⑤在被分隔的定語從句中A new teacher will e tomorrow who will teach you German.⑥在有兩個定語從句的句子中，其一用who，其二用that,但若先行詞后接兩個以上的并列定語從句時，后一個必須重復前一個關系代詞。當關系代詞做賓語時可以省略。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關