【正文】 ( however可置句首、句中或句末） The pain was bad，still he did not ，可是他并沒(méi)有呻吟 3．表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞 表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞有：or（或），or else（否則），otherwise（要不然），either. . . or...（或，??…或……，不是……就是….. ) , rather than（而不，也不） I must work hard，or I39。 He has experience as well as knowledge.（＝He has not only knowledge but also experience.） 他既有知識(shí)，又有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 Neither you nor he is wrong．你和他都沒(méi)有錯(cuò)。根據(jù)在句中所起的作用，連詞可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩類： （二）并列連詞 連接具有并列關(guān)系的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的連詞叫并列連詞。 四、重點(diǎn)句式 while引起的并列句“介詞短語(yǔ)／副詞＋謂語(yǔ)十主語(yǔ)”的倒裝 with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) Beijing has a lot more inhabitants than Sydney. There are fewer tourists in Beijing than in Sydney。 At least，the train runs five times faster than the boat. 火車的速度至少比小船快五倍 ② A is... times as + adj. /adv．的原級(jí)＋as B This bridge is four times as long as that one. 這座橋是那座橋的四倍長(zhǎng) At least，the train runs six times as fast as the boat火車的速度至少是小船的速度的六倍 ③ A is... times the size/ length/ width/ height/ depth＋of ＋B This bridge is four times the length of that one. 這座橋是那座橋的四倍長(zhǎng) After the experiment，the plant is six times the height of what it was before． 試驗(yàn)之后，植物的高度是原來(lái)的六倍 ④ The size/length/height/depth/width＋of A＋is＋… times of＋B The length of this bridge is four times of that bridge. 這座橋是那座橋的四倍長(zhǎng) Your room is three times as big as mine. Your room is twice bigger than mine. =The size of your room is inree times that of mine. =your room is three times the size of mine. 你房間的面積是我房間的面積的三倍 About 80% of the Chinese population are Han people. 中國(guó)人口的80％是漢族 Nothing can stop us marching forward. 沒(méi)有什么東西能阻止我們前進(jìn) 22. The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people，twice as big as the population of the United States. 擴(kuò)大后的歐盟擁有五億多人口，這個(gè)數(shù)目是美國(guó)人口的兩倍。none of the boys/the money/them中，none強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)的概念。 none pron 沒(méi)有一個(gè)，無(wú)一 None of the money on the table is mine. 桌上的錢(qián)沒(méi)有一分是我的。 如果兩個(gè)名詞指兩個(gè)人或物，通常每個(gè)名詞前都要加冠詞；如果兩個(gè)名詞指同一個(gè)人或物，一般只用一個(gè)冠詞。 (2)現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或是與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生： Listen！The song being sung is very popular with the students. 聽(tīng)！現(xiàn)在唱的這首歌很受學(xué)生歡迎； (3）不定式的被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示一個(gè)未來(lái)的動(dòng)作。 They built a monument in memory of the people killed in the war. 他們建了一座紀(jì)念碑，用以懷念在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中遇害的人們。 It is unbelievable！”said Alfred Butts. 阿爾弗雷德?布滋說(shuō)，“這真叫人難以置信！” 19. There is a mountain range called the Alps. 有一座山脈叫做阿爾卑斯山脈。 Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 從前，在海邊的一個(gè)村子里住著一位老漁夫。 On the top of the hill stands an old temple. 這個(gè)山頂上有一座廟。 There goes the bell．鈴響了。完全倒裝一般有以下四種情況： (1)以here等副詞開(kāi)頭引出的完全倒裝18. Between France and Spain is another mountain rangethe Pyrenees. 法國(guó)與西班牙之間橫亙著另外一條山脈庇里牛斯山。 〔注意〕(1 )such放在名詞前時(shí)，這個(gè)名詞帶或不帶形容詞都可以。 He was late as a result of the traffic jam. 由于交通阻塞，他遲到了。 He was punished by his teacher because of his cheating on exams. =He was punished by his teacher because he cheated on exams. 他因考試作弊受到老師的懲罰。 one作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) Many a student likes playing football. 不止一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡踢足球。s working at/on a new novel. 據(jù)說(shuō)他正在寫(xiě)一部小說(shuō) He liked to work at difficult problems in maths. 他喜歡解數(shù)學(xué)難題。但當(dāng)表示“克服（困難）；解決（難題）”時(shí)，較傾向于用work at；在表示“致力于創(chuàng)作或制造時(shí)”，較傾向于用work onll find out the answer to the question. 仔細(xì)想想，你就會(huì)找到問(wèn)題的答案 He uncovered the famous picture. 他揭開(kāi)了那幅名畫(huà)的覆蓋物 14. work n．作品；成果；制品 v．運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；開(kāi)動(dòng)；工作 Almost everyone39。 The chief editor sent a reporter to cover the event. 主編派記者去報(bào)道這一事件 〔注意〕我們只有籠統(tǒng)地指明方向時(shí)，可以不出現(xiàn)介詞。 12. in the south of, to the south of與on the south of in the south of 在...... 的南邊（部），通常指某一范圍之內(nèi)； to the south of 在……在南邊，強(qiáng)調(diào)越出了某一范圍； on the south of 在...... 南面，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者毗部，接攘。 We walked past the hospital.＝We passed by the hospital. 我們從醫(yī)院旁邊經(jīng)過(guò) through表示“通過(guò)，穿過(guò)”，它的含義與in有關(guān)，側(cè)重動(dòng)作在某一物體空間里進(jìn)行，含有從中間通過(guò)之意。 11. across prep.（表示運(yùn)動(dòng)）橫過(guò)，越過(guò)，（表示位置）在……的對(duì)面 The old man walked across the road. 那個(gè)老人小心地走過(guò)馬路 He lives across the street from us. 他住在我們對(duì)面的大街上 A boy helped a blind man across the street. 一個(gè)小男孩幫助一位盲人過(guò)馬路 [辮析] across，past，throughve lost the check for my coat. 我把大衣的發(fā)票弄丟了 I always pay bills by check．我總是用支票付賬 (2) vt. 阻止，制止，控制；核查；調(diào)查；托運(yùn)或寄存 Will you please check these figures? 請(qǐng)檢查這些數(shù)字有無(wú)錯(cuò)誤好嗎？ Check your coat at the door. 把你的外套寄存在入口處、 〔辮析〕check，examine，test check指核對(duì)，核實(shí)，特別是對(duì)數(shù)量或質(zhì)量加以驗(yàn)證； examine著重指檢查、研討及審查； test指測(cè)驗(yàn)、檢驗(yàn)、測(cè)試一個(gè)人的某種能力 Please check in at the airport an hour before your plane leaves． 你要在飛機(jī)起飛前一個(gè)小時(shí)到機(jī)場(chǎng)辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)。d like to have gone with you，but I was busy then. 我本打算同你一起去的，但當(dāng)時(shí)我很忙。d like to pay you a visit next week. 下周我打算拜訪你。 This hardship is nothing，pared to/with those the Red Army faced on the Long March.vi．比較，對(duì)照；比作 He cannot pare with Shakespeare as a writer of tragedies. 作為一個(gè)悲劇作家，他無(wú)法和莎士比亞相比 pare... with意為“把......與……進(jìn)行比較／相比” pare... to... 意為“把……比作......”，含“比喻”之意 pare with sb. /sth．意為‘和某人或某事物相比或值得相比” It39。 His evil designs were frustrated. 他的罪惡意圖未能得逞 (2) v．設(shè)計(jì)，控制 She is designing dresses for the singer. 她在為這位歌手設(shè)計(jì)服裝 The tree is within range of39。 I was faced with new problem．我面臨著新的M題 〔常用短語(yǔ)〕 in( the) face of不顧（問(wèn)題、困難等） lose one39。 六、知識(shí)*能力聚焦 1. off prep.＆adv．離開(kāi)，分開(kāi) （1）prep. The hall rolled off the table．球從桌上滾落 Keep off the grass．勿踐踏草地 He entered a big house off the high street. 他進(jìn)入了一所離大街不遠(yuǎn)的大房子。 Seven times four makes twentyeight. 7乘4等于?g (9）表示數(shù)量的“one and a half＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。 (7）在倒裝句中謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。 The boy with his dog is here. 這個(gè)男孩在這兒，還有他的狗 No one but your parents was there then. 那時(shí)，除了你的父母沒(méi)有別人在那里 Tom，together with Mary and Alice，is going to swim this afternoon. 湯姆今天下午要和瑪麗及艾麗絲去游泳 The teacher，including his students，is going to see Professor Smith. 那位老師和他的學(xué)生們將去看望史密斯教授、 (5)由there , here引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常和最鄰近的主語(yǔ)保持一致、 There is a lake and some hills around it. 它被一個(gè)湖和幾座刁、山環(huán)繞著、 To work and to live are two different things but they are always together. 雖然工作和生活是兩件不同的事情，但是它們永遠(yuǎn)相伴 。s surface is made up of vast oceans． 這是因?yàn)榈厍虮砻娣e的2/3是由廣闊的海洋構(gòu)成的 Two thirds of these tasks have been pleted. 這些任務(wù)已經(jīng)完成了三分之。 A quantity of story books has been bought for the children. 為孩子們買(mǎi)了大量的故事書(shū)： e. a great/ good deal( of)，a little，quite a little，a large amount( of）等修飾不可數(shù)名詞的量詞作主語(yǔ)或修飾的名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)形式 A great deal of time was wasted playing but ought to have been fully used． 很多時(shí)間在玩耍中浪費(fèi)掉了，但本應(yīng)好好利用的 f. more than one十