【正文】 He gives me a book. me 間接賓 語 , a book 直接賓語 直接賓語和間接賓語的位置調換時要加一個介詞 to 或 for 主語＋及物動詞＋直接賓語＋介詞 +間接賓語 Give me a book. Give the book to me. Send his a letter. Send a letter to him. Show him the new dress. Show the new dress to him. 十三． 從句： 賓語從句，定語從句（限定性），表語從句，狀語從句（ if 引導的真實條件句） ■ 賓語從句：如果賓語從句的主句中的動詞為過去時，那么賓語從句中的時態(tài)要和主句統(tǒng)一；如果賓語從句為疑問詞引導，那么語序要用陳述語序，即主語在前，動詞在后。 ■ can’t/couldn’t 表示不可能 4． need 用法： ■ 表示“需要”時為實意動詞，后面可以加名詞，也可以加不定式： I need a pen. Do you need any beer? No, I don’t. I need to have a rest. ■ Need doing=need to be done，表示被動 The flowers need watering. ■ Need 在否定時做情態(tài)動詞使用 You needn’t go so early. =You don’t need to go so early. Must I clean the desk right now? No, you needn’t. Some any thing something anything one someone anyone where somewhere anywhere body somebody anybody 七． 不定代詞及不定副詞： I looked for my book everywhere, but I can’t find it anywhere. If you want go somewhere, if you want to be someone, you must wake up. Help! Somebody? Anybody? You are really something. Since everybody is here, let’s begin our class. Where did you go? I went nowhere. Nobody is at home. I have nothing left. 八 ．感嘆句： ■ What +名詞 +主語 +謂語 What a beautiful girl she is! ■ How + 形容詞 +主語 +謂語 How beautiful the girl is! 九．祈使句： 第二人稱： let+其他人稱代詞 祈使句 的否定，加 don’t 反意疑問 祈使句（第二人稱） 祈使句表示請求，命令，建議，邀請等，謂語動詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語，句末用驚嘆好或者句號，用降調。 ★ 變疑問句將助動詞移到 句首 Had she finished her homework? ★ 變否定句在助動詞后面加 not She hadn’t finished her homework. ★ 肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, she had. No, she hadn’t. ★ 特殊疑問句： What had she done? 7. 過去進行時 表示過去正在進行的動作 ,經(jīng)常用在 when, while, as 引導的狀語從句中。 ■ 含有 be 動詞的句子 He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students. ★變疑問句將 be 動詞移到句首 Is he a teacher? Is the girl very beautiful? Are Tim and Jack students? ★變否定句在 be 動詞后面加 not He is not a teacher. The girl is not very beautiful. Tim and Jack are not students. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he is. No, he is not. Yes, she is. No, she is not. Yes, they are. No, they are not. ■ 不含有 be 動詞的句子，即含有一般 動詞的句子 第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞 He likes books. She likes him. The dog likes bones. ★變疑問句在句首加 does, 動詞變?yōu)樵? Does he like books? Does she like him? Does the dog like bones? ★變否定句在主語及動詞之間加 doesn’t, 動詞變?yōu)樵? He doesn’t like books. She doesn’t like him. The dog doesn’t like bones. ★肯定回答及否定回答： Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t. 注意：第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動詞后面加 S，不要和名詞復數(shù)混淆，變否定句或疑問句時名詞復數(shù)沒有任何變化。 其他人稱及復數(shù)名詞 I want to have a bath. We have some meat. The students like smart teachers. ★變疑問句 在句首加 do Do you want to have a bath? Do we have any meat? Do the students like smart teachers? ★變否定句在主語和動詞之間加 don’t. You don’t want to have a bath. We don’t have any meat. The students don’t like smart teachers. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, we do. No, we don’t Yes, they do. No, they don’t. 2. 現(xiàn)在進行時 表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。 結構： was/were+doing When my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he d