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j是什么? ?公司股票相對(duì)于整個(gè)大盤(pán)的表現(xiàn)情況! ?公司面向市場(chǎng)大勢(shì)的反應(yīng) ?公司對(duì)于系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的反應(yīng) ? 公司特定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)對(duì)要求報(bào)酬的影響體現(xiàn)在哪里? ?投資人通過(guò)多元化投資,基本消除了個(gè)股特定風(fēng)險(xiǎn) jt t( = * ( (f j M fE R R E R R??) ) )CAPM: 會(huì)計(jì)信息怎么影響股票價(jià)格? ,11jt jtjtjtPDRP ????),1()(1jt jtjtjtE P DERP ????j t t( = * ( (f j fE R R E M R??) ) )從 T年末時(shí)點(diǎn)看,某股票 T期間的投資報(bào)酬率為(事后的) 從年初時(shí)點(diǎn)看,某股票 T期間的投資報(bào)酬率為(預(yù)期的) 而: 會(huì)計(jì)信息的作用:改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)于 的認(rèn)識(shí);但是會(huì)計(jì)信息不可能改變 β、 E( Rmt) 和 Rf 是可以預(yù)期的 ()jt jtE P D?在 不變的情況下,人們必然調(diào)整 ()jtER,1jtP ?jt t( = * ( (f j M fE R R E R R??) ) )CAPM: 會(huì)計(jì)信息怎么影響股票價(jià)格? jt1,1jt)1 ( =)(11(jt jtjjt jtjtE P DERPE P DPER???????,t()(公 式 ))公式 1的寓意是什么? 寓意 1:給定未來(lái)股價(jià)和股利變動(dòng),則 β 越大,目前股價(jià)變動(dòng)越小 寓意 2:給定 β 值,則預(yù)期未來(lái)股價(jià)和股利變動(dòng)越大,則目前股價(jià)變動(dòng)越大 CAPM: 主要用途 ? 清楚地指出,股票價(jià)格如何依賴于投資人對(duì)未來(lái)股價(jià)及股利的預(yù)測(cè) ? CAPM之市場(chǎng)模型及其作用 t*j j MR???t j t*+j t j j MRR? ? ??? 含義: 某一證券收益有兩部分構(gòu)成:預(yù)期收益和未預(yù)期收益。ve” investors priceprotected ?Accountants in petition Accounting Implications of Securities Market Efficiency ? 只要會(huì)計(jì)政策沒(méi)有導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)金流量產(chǎn)生差別的后果,或?qū)λ捎玫奶囟〞?huì)計(jì)政策所形成的差別予以披露,以及投資者能獲得足夠的信息以致能夠在不同的會(huì)計(jì)政策之間做出抉擇的話,公司所采取的會(huì)計(jì)政策便不會(huì)影響證券的市價(jià) ? 只要會(huì)計(jì)政策沒(méi)有導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)金流量產(chǎn)生差別的后果,或?qū)λ捎玫奶囟〞?huì)計(jì)政策所形成的差別予以披露,以及投資者能獲得足夠的信息以致能夠在不同的會(huì)計(jì)政策之間做出抉擇的話,公司所采取的會(huì)計(jì)政策便不會(huì)影響證券的市價(jià) Accounting Implications of Securities Market Efficiency ? 市場(chǎng)的有效性意味著公司不必過(guò)分考慮無(wú)知的投資者,即財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表信息不必用過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單的方式表達(dá),以致任何人都能理解。P 500. The smaller (but still large) stocks tend to outperform the really large ones. The “Incredible” January Effect ? Stock returns appear to be higher in January than in other months of the year. ? This may be related to the size effect since it is mostly small firms that outperform in January. ? It may also be related to end of year tax selling ?Selling of securities, usually at year end, to realize losses in a portfolio, which can be used to offset capital gains and thereby lower an investor’s tax liability. The P/E Effect ? It has been found that portfolios of “l(fā)ow P/E” stocks generally outperform portfolios of “high P/E” stocks.