【正文】 仿生自愈合法 仿生自愈合法是一種新的裂縫處理方法，它模仿生物組織對受創(chuàng)傷部位自動分泌某種物質(zhì)，而使創(chuàng)傷部位得到愈合的機能，在混凝土的傳統(tǒng)成分中加入某些特殊成分（如含粘結(jié)劑的液芯纖維或膠囊），在混凝土內(nèi)部形成智能型仿生自愈合神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)，當混凝土出現(xiàn)裂縫時分泌出部分液芯纖維可使裂縫重新愈合。常用的置換材料有：普通混凝土或水泥砂漿、聚合物或改性聚合物混凝土或砂漿。常用的塑性材料有聚氯乙烯膠泥、塑料油膏、丁基橡膠等等；常用的剛性止水材料為聚合物水泥砂漿。通常的處理措施是在裂縫的表面涂抹水泥漿、環(huán)氧膠泥或在混凝土表面涂刷油漆、瀝青等防腐材料，在防護的同時為了防止混凝土受各種作用的影響繼續(xù)開裂，通?？梢圆捎迷诹芽p的表面粘貼玻璃纖維布等措施。 裂縫處理 建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預(yù)防與處理 –15– 裂縫的出現(xiàn)不但會影響結(jié)構(gòu)的整體性和剛度，還會引起鋼筋的銹蝕、加速混凝土的碳化、降低混凝土的耐久性和抗疲勞、抗?jié)B能力。通常的預(yù)防措施有：一是保證鋼筋保護層的厚度。主要的預(yù)防措施：一是選用堿活性小的砂石骨料。十四是混凝土中配置少 量的鋼筋或者摻入纖維材料將混凝土的溫度裂縫控制在一定的范圍之內(nèi)。十一是預(yù)留溫度收縮縫。七是高溫季節(jié)澆筑時可以采用搭設(shè)遮陽板等輔助措施控制混凝土的溫升，降低澆筑混凝土的溫度。三是降低水灰比，一般混凝土的水灰比控制在 。高溫膨脹引起的混凝土溫度裂縫是通常中間建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預(yù)防與處理 –14– 粗兩端細，而冷縮裂縫的粗細變化不太明顯。當拉應(yīng)力超過混凝土的抗拉強度極限時，混凝土表面就會產(chǎn)生裂縫，這種裂縫多發(fā)生在混凝土施工中后期。五是在凍土上搭設(shè)模板時要注意采取一定的預(yù)防措施。 主要預(yù)防措施：一是對松軟土、回填土地基在上 部結(jié)構(gòu)施工前應(yīng)進行必要的夯實和加固。 45176。四是及時覆蓋塑料薄膜或者潮濕的草墊、麻片等，保持混凝土終凝前表面濕潤，或者在混凝土建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預(yù)防與處理 –13– 表面噴灑 養(yǎng)護劑等進行養(yǎng)護。影響混凝土塑性收縮開裂的主要因素有水灰比、混凝土的凝結(jié)時間、環(huán)境溫度、風速、相對濕度等等。五是在混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)中設(shè)置合適的收縮縫。二是混凝土的干縮受水灰比的影響較大，水灰比越大，干縮越大，因此在混凝土配合比設(shè)計中應(yīng)盡量控制好水灰比的選用，同時摻加合適的減水劑。干縮裂縫多為表面性的平行線狀或網(wǎng)狀淺細裂縫，寬度多在 ，大體積混凝土中平面部位多見，較薄的梁板中多沿其短向分布。 混凝土工程中常見裂縫及預(yù)防 : 建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預(yù)防與處理 –12– 干縮裂縫多出現(xiàn)在混凝土養(yǎng)護結(jié) 束后的一段時間或是混凝土澆筑完畢后的一周左右。鋼筋混凝 土規(guī)范也明確規(guī)定：有些結(jié)構(gòu)在所處的不同條件下，允許存在一定寬度的裂縫。但是在混凝土受到荷載、溫差等作用之后， 微裂縫就會不斷的擴展和連通，最終形成我們?nèi)庋劭梢姷暮暧^裂縫，也就是混凝土工程中常說的裂縫。s withdrawing a method, alkalescence to recover a method is a chemistry protection method in three kinds of in mon use but valid advantage of this kind of method is a protection method under the influence of environment factor smaller, apply reinforcing bar, concrete of longterm antisepsis, since can used for crack structure already can also used for new set up structure. 5, imitate to living from legal more Imitate to living from heal the method be a kind of new crack treatment, its mimicry living creature organization secrete a certain material towards suffering wound part auto, but make the wound part heal of function, join some and special position(such as contain to glue knot of the liquid Xin fiber or capsule) in the concrete of the tradition the position, at concrete inner part formation the intelligence type imitate to living from heal nerve work system, be the concrete appear crack secrete a parts of liquid Xin fiber can make the crack re heal. Conclusion The crack is widespread in the concrete structure existence of a kind of phenomenon, it of emergence not only will lower the anti Shen of building ability, influence building of usage function, and will cause the rust eclipse of reinforcing bar, the carbonization of concrete, 建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預(yù)防與處理 –10– lower the durable of material, influence building of loading ability, so want to carry on to the concrete crack earnest research, differentiation treat, adoption reasonable of the method carry on processing, and at under construction adopt various valid of prevention measure to prevention crack of emergence and development, assurance building and Gou piece safety, stability work. 建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預(yù)防與處理 –11– 建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預(yù)防與處理 Helmut G. L. Prion and Jens Boehme 混凝土的裂縫問題是一個普遍存在 而又難于解決的工程實際問題，本文對混凝土工程中常見的一些裂縫問題進行了探討分析，并針對具體情況提出了一些預(yù)防、處理措施。s etc. overlay, and attention sprinkle water to protect, appropriate extension protect time, assurance the concrete surface be slowmoving cool the cold season, concrete surface should constitution heat preservation measure, in order to prevent cold wave is the 建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預(yù)防與處理 –7– allocation be a little amount in the concrete of reinforcing bar perhaps add fiber material concrete of temperature crack control at certain of scope inside. and prevention that the chemical reaction cause Alkali bone39。 Cape direction development, bigger sink to sink crack, usually have certain of wrong, crack width usually with sink to decline quantity direct proportion width under the influence of temperature variety foundation after transform stability sink to sink crack also basic tend in stability. Main prevention measure:One is rightness loose soft soil, return to fill soil foundation a construction at the upper part structure front should carry on necessity of Hang solid with is the strength that assurance template is enough and just degree, and prop up firm, and make the foundation be subjected to dint is keep concrete from sprinkle infusing the foundation in the process is soak by is time that template tore down to can39。s much presenting in the center breadth, both ends be in the centerthin and the length be different, with each other not coherent crack general long 2030 cm, the longer crack can reach to a 23 m, breadth 15 creation of main reason is:The concrete is eventually almost having no strength or strength before the Ning very small, perhaps concrete just eventually Ning but strength very hour, be subjected to heat or pare strong wind dint of influence, the concrete surface lose water to lead quick, result in in the capillary creation bigger negative press but make a concrete physical volume sharply constringency, but at this time the strength of concrete again can39。Protected environment not appropriate the crack etc. caused with chemical differentiation to treat in the actual engineering, work176。s ising 1 kind is anticipate by the freestone bone, cement, water and other mixture but formation of the in addition material of quality brittleness not and all the concrete construction transform with onesel