【正文】
研制性能可靠、體積小 ,可供現(xiàn)場推廣使用的濕噴機仍是今后噴射混凝土技術(shù)的主攻方向之一。世界各國在探討濕法噴射混凝土工藝的同時 ,研制了濕式混凝土噴射機 ,并日趨成熟 ,許多國家已開始大量采用?;炷羾娚錂C工作時形成高壓空氣腔 ,高彈性橡膠腔在空氣的壓力下 被壓縮 ,旋轉(zhuǎn)體是不停轉(zhuǎn)動的 ,當旋轉(zhuǎn)體上的高彈性橡膠腔轉(zhuǎn)過壓力區(qū)后 ,壓力消失 ,高彈性橡膠腔將在自身的彈力作用下恢復(fù)原狀 ,而使附著在高彈性橡膠腔上的混凝土受到擠壓而散落下來 ,自動清除了混凝土粘結(jié) ,同時為了便于維修和更換旋轉(zhuǎn)體上的高彈性橡膠料腔 ,將整體十二個腔分割成四件 ,每件三個腔。 5. 2 改進前后混凝土噴射機的區(qū)別 1) 原混凝土噴射機旋轉(zhuǎn)體由耐磨鑄鐵鑄造而成 ,未經(jīng)處理 ,生銹后易粘結(jié) ,改進后將噴射腔進行噴涂防銹處理 ,大大降低了粘結(jié)的可能性??捎行Ы鉀Q混凝土易粘結(jié)的問題 ,減少了清除混凝土粘結(jié)的次數(shù) ,提高了勞動效率。 4) 使用濕式混凝土噴射機作業(yè)時 ,設(shè)備投資較高。 4 濕式混凝土噴射機推廣應(yīng)用中需解決的一些問題 目前 ,由于濕噴技術(shù)具有明顯的優(yōu)勢 ,濕式混凝土噴射機在工程中的應(yīng)用亦越來越多 ,但是 ,由于存在著一些尚待解決的問題 ,對濕式混凝土噴射機的推廣應(yīng)用起到了一定的阻礙作用 ,以至于在我國 ,目前主要的噴射混凝土作業(yè)方式仍是干噴。它能自動清洗 ,不粘堵 ,下料速度快 ,余料少 ,效率高。柱塞泵式濕噴機是將柱塞式混凝土泵作為濕式混凝土噴射機的基本機體 ,在輸送管出口裝以噴嘴并在此通入壓縮空氣 ,將混凝土噴射出去 ,這類濕噴機一般較笨重 ,但輸送距離長 ,在二灘、小浪底等一些大型水利工程中使用 ,該機型的主要缺點是生產(chǎn)率低 ,螺桿和定子套的磨損較嚴重 ,故而應(yīng)用范圍不 大。干噴時 ,混凝土回彈度可達 15 %~ 50 % ,采用濕噴技術(shù)回彈率可降低到 10 %以下。概括起來 ,濕式混凝土噴射機的主要優(yōu)點有以下幾方面 : 1) 大大降低了機旁和噴嘴外的粉塵濃度 ,消除了對工人健康的危害。濕式噴射混凝土是在其進入輸料管前混合料中已加了足量的拌合水 ,輸料管中輸送的是全濕混凝土 。 1.目前在噴射混凝土作業(yè)中 ,絕大多數(shù)是使用轉(zhuǎn)子式混凝土噴射機 ,因為這種噴射機結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、工作性能可靠、外形小、重量輕、維修和操作方便。s concrete spraying technology and equipment [J]. Well built, 1996, 79 (5 ): 45,246 中文譯文 混凝土噴射機的概述及改進 摘 要 :介紹了干式和濕式混凝土噴射機的工作原理、類型、發(fā)展過程 ,分析了國內(nèi)外應(yīng)用情況和各類混凝土噴射機的優(yōu)缺點 ,并對近年來國內(nèi)研制開發(fā)的幾種具有代表性的濕式混凝土噴射機作了介紹 ,對混凝土噴射機的問題進行了技術(shù)改進。 feed mouth without sealing device, improved to increase a wearres istant rubber pads and mouth and feed ring. 3) In rotating body and mouth spray to increase flexible rubber material, and the rotation of the original concrete jet spray and a flexible rubber mouth cavity. Concrete work of a highpressure jet of air cavity, flexible rubber in the air cavity under the pressure of being pressed, rotating body is constantly rotating, when the rotation of the chamber passed a flexible rubber pressure zone, the pressure disappeared, flexible Rubber cavity in the stretch under its own restitution due to the high flexibility of rubber attached to the cavity on the concrete and scattered by squeezing down, automatic removal of the concrete bonding, in order to facilitate maintenance and replacement of the rotating flexible rubber Liu cavity, the overall 12 will be split into four cavity, each of the three cavity. The same token, I expected to increase in a flexible rubber material cavity. 4) the original concrete jet drive shaft for the overall structure, cleaning up the rotating body cavity or replacement work flexible rubber material cavity, to be screened in Shangzuo body and can also Xiediao, will improve the entire shaft is divided into three parts , The middle of a connecting shaft, through the home side, connecting shaft, the pin will be linked to the twoaxis, demolition, only to tear down the shaft can be connected in blocks of lift, the replacement of flexible rubber body cavity or cleanup rotation, Province when the effort, boosted by increasing the flexibility of rubber rubber seal cavity and the drive shaft connected to the body structure and effective solution to the dust and inconvenience to the demolition of concrete and bond issues, some use from the scene, has been made Good results. 6 The end conclusion of a wave while spraying can reduce dust concentration and reduce the rate of rebound, but the dust hazard still exists, still higher rates rebound from the required standard ther