【正文】 4． 7 做好回填土 結(jié)束語 以上對混凝土的施工溫度與裂縫之間的關(guān)系進行了理論和實踐上的初步探討，雖然學術(shù)界對于混凝土裂縫的成因和計算方法有不同的理論，但對于具體的預(yù)防和改善措施意見還是比較統(tǒng)一，同時在實踐中的應(yīng)用效果也是比較好的，具體施工中要靠我們 多觀察、多比較，出現(xiàn)問題后多分析、多總結(jié)，結(jié)合多種預(yù)防處理措施，混凝土的裂縫是完全可以避免的。采用止水鋼板時不得有漏焊，采用橡膠止水帶在接長時務(wù)必要將接頭用專用膠水粘貼牢固可靠。 4． 5 施工縫作法 施工縫是防水結(jié)構(gòu)的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)之一。 (2)嚴格做到定點定量下料。 (3)施工過程中應(yīng)定期抽查測定混凝土坍落度，施工中如遇下雨或其他原因，砂石含水量發(fā)生變化時，應(yīng)及時測定其含水率，并調(diào)整施工配合比。 (2)鋼筋接頭應(yīng)盡量采用焊接接頭，盡量少用和不用綁扎接頭。 施工質(zhì)量控制 結(jié)合 經(jīng)驗 ，對模板的設(shè)計、制作安裝、鋼筋綁扎、混凝土澆筑及養(yǎng)護等關(guān)鍵工序的操作要點進行了闡述，并介紹了成型后混凝土的質(zhì)量控制標準，以降低工程造價，具有很好的經(jīng)濟和社會效益。 （ 7）摻加外加劑可使混凝土密實性好，可有效地提高混凝土的抗碳化性，減少碳化收縮。 （ 4）減水防裂劑可以改善水泥漿的稠度，減少混凝土泌水，減少沉縮變形。增大毛細孔徑可降低毛 細管表面張力，但會使混凝土強度降低。 （ 3）晚期：混凝土完全冷卻以后的運轉(zhuǎn)時期。 溫度應(yīng)力的分析 根據(jù)溫度應(yīng)力的形成 過程可分為以下三個階段： （ 1）早期：自澆筑混凝土開始至水泥放熱基本結(jié)束，一般約 30 天。首先，在施工中混凝土常常出現(xiàn)溫度裂縫，影響到結(jié)構(gòu)的整體性和耐久性。盡管我們在施工中采取各種措施，小心謹慎，但裂縫仍然時有出現(xiàn)。s best to adopt to solder connection , stop using and being needless to bind connection to the full. (3) when binding a reinforced bar, the iron wire head responds to inner bending. (4) strict control reinforced bars protective layer thickness. The concrete stirring and mixing makes and transports Since the waterproof concrete requires that higher closely knit , reason why stir and mix system also need to have the fairly good homogeneity , should be ready for burning as follows almost for this purpose. (1) ensures that mixing time , mixing at every time are secondary jump into a expect the general ejection of pact block of wood less than 2 mins. (2) should use the apposition agent , the solution queen who should manufacture certain thickness from apposition agent adds the mixer inner, the dried powder or high concentration solution will add an agent extra not to adds the mixer inner directly ,prevent from mixing is uneven but part concentrates, both lose the apposition agent effect, and affect concrete mass. (3) responds to the assured source of life degree having a spot test on the admeasurement concrete at the regular intervals collapsing in the process being under construction , construction is middle if Yu rains or other cause, respond to the ratio determining whose water ratio, and adjusting the position being under construction in time when change happened in sandstone moisture content. (4) project uses the modity concrete , has boundary have raised a concrete stirring mass and of all kinds effect apposition agent adulterating falls when amounts , the water ash having controlled a concrete strictly collapsing. (5) concretes concrete adopt a pump to have given handicraft , effective avoiding a concrete producing the phenomenon isolating Mi Shui and leaving out thick fluid in the process of transportation. Matters needing attention in being under construction (1) construction school assignment soft and floury is divided . (2)Achieve strictly fixed point determines the amounts of the ponents of a substance material down According to the vehicle capacities stratifying concrete altitude and the means of transport, the quantify carrying out fixed point strictly is able to go down one important ring expecting that this is to improve waterproof concreting mass. (3) insist that you go down material opening the door or use string to expect that under barrel (chute)Be to prevent a cement paste from parting from aggregate for , to expect that liberty should not exceed ms now and then highly under waterproof concrete. (4) concretes vibrating beat one important ring being to ensure that the concrete is closely knit , defend against to seep with a stick. Also, should adopt fixed point vibrating , handle meticulously on basis expecting that under determining the amounts of the ponents of a substance homogeneously