【正文】
」 Lets not waste anymore lives, because once we know that abilities are capable of such growth, itbees a basic human right for children, all children, to live in places thatcreate that growth, to live in places filled with yet. 讓我們不再浪費生命, 因為,既然我們知道 能力可以增長,那么,生活在一個能激發(fā)進步并讓這一切變得可能的地方就是每個孩子的權(quán)利?! received a letterrecently from a 13yearold boy. He said, Dear Professor Dweck, Iappreciate that your writing is based on solid scientific research, and thatswhy I decided to put it into practice. I put more effort into my schoolwork,into my relationship with my family, and into my relationship with kids atschool, and I experienced great improvement in all of those areas. I nowrealize Ive wasted most of my life. 最近,我收到一個13歲男孩的來信。印第安孩子戰(zhàn)勝了「微軟」孩子。紐約哈萊姆區(qū)的一所幼兒園的學生在一年的時間內(nèi),國家水平測試(NationalAchievement Test) 成績飛躍到前百分之五。在我們國家,有些特定區(qū)域的孩子總是在學業(yè)上處于下游,比如,內(nèi)城區(qū)的孩子,或印第安人居留地里的孩子。在一項研究中,我們告訴學生們,每當他們迫使自己走出舒適區(qū),學習新知識,迎接新挑戰(zhàn),大腦中的神經(jīng)元會形成新的、更強的連接,他們會逐漸變得越來越聰明。通常的數(shù)學游戲中,玩家只有在解得正確答案后才能得到獎勵,但這個游戲獎勵過程。對過程的表揚,會塑造孩子的韌性。 So what can we do? Howcan we build that bridge to yet? 我們該怎么做呢?如何讓孩子注重過程而不是結(jié)果呢? Here are some things wecan do. First of all, we can praise wisely, not praising intelligence ortalent. That has failed. Dont do that anymore. But praising the process thatkids engage in: their effort, their strategies, their focus, theirperseverance, their improvement. This process praise creates kids who are hardyand resilient. 我們可以做這樣幾件事。但請看右側(cè),這是成長型思維模式的學生,這些學生相信能力會通過鍛煉得以提升?! cientists measured the electrical activity fromthe brain as students confronted an error. On the left, you see the fixedmindset students. Theres hardly any activity. T