【正文】 謝謝。從現(xiàn)在開始學(xué)一門外語吧，把“hello”轉(zhuǎn)換成“Hola”、“Bonjour”、“你好”(本文作者母語為英語)等外語問候，即使只是小小的訓(xùn)練，也能對大腦有所幫助。最新的研究的確顯示，在跨語言測驗(yàn)當(dāng)中，使用雙語的學(xué)生的反應(yīng)時間與錯誤次數(shù)增加了；同時也表明，學(xué)生需要花費(fèi)更多的努力和注意力進(jìn)行語言的轉(zhuǎn)換，這也使得前額葉腦區(qū)更加活躍、進(jìn)而強(qiáng)化其機(jī)能。有些好處甚至是可視化的，比如大腦灰白質(zhì)的密度增加，那里包含了大多數(shù)的神經(jīng)元和突觸，而且在學(xué)習(xí)外語時，大腦的部分區(qū)域會變得更加活躍。根據(jù)這個理論，兒童學(xué)習(xí)語言更容易，是因?yàn)樗麄兊拇竽X仍在發(fā)展、可塑性更強(qiáng)，他們可以同時調(diào)用左右兩邊大腦的機(jī)能來學(xué)習(xí)語言；然而多數(shù)成年人只通過大腦的一邊（通常是左腦）學(xué)習(xí)語言。因此，一般人很難發(fā)現(xiàn)這三種類型的差異。她有一個十幾歲的哥哥，則屬于協(xié)調(diào)型雙語使用者，他運(yùn)用兩種不同的概念，一方面在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)英語，另一方面用西班牙語和家人、朋友交流。雖然一個出色的雙語者對于兩種語言都有著相近的使用能力，但是大多數(shù)的雙語者對兩個語種的認(rèn)知和使用能力是有差異的。感謝你們來到這里，向世界顯示著你們的智慧，并用它們改變著世界。我們怎么用不同的文化，不同的語言來保持世界和平？我想要從每個小家庭開始。所以我要問在場的所有人，我希望你們把你們的車輪整形一下：真誠面對對你們想聽到的贊美?；蛘吣憧梢詽M足我的要求。會讓你認(rèn)為我需要你的幫助?！辟潛P(yáng)別人一定要真誠，但她對贊美承擔(dān)了責(zé)任。因此我的問題是，為什么我們不索求我們需要的東西呢？我認(rèn)識一個結(jié)婚25年的男士渴望聽到他妻子說，“感謝你為這個家在外賺錢，這樣我才能在家陪伴著孩子，”但他從來不去問。我非常幸運(yùn)的在一家康復(fù)中心工作，所以我可以看到那些因?yàn)樯习a而面臨生與死的人。并使它們聽來真誠，具體。s what ., the amnesic who couldn39。re just fact, they39。t have to be building memory palaces or memorizing packs of playing cards to benefit from a little bit of insight about how your mind often talk about people with great memories as though it were some sort of an innate gift, but that is not the memories are the most basic level, we remember when we pay remember when we are deeply remember when we are able to take a piece of information and experience, and figure out why it is meaningful to us, why it is significant, why it39。d make, I thought, maybe a nice epilogue to all my was, the experiment went won the contestwhich really wasn39。s I got pretty into is me wearing my standard petitive memorizer39。s minds, but I don39。s a vestige of when people used to think about oratory and rhetoric in these sorts of spatial phrase “in the first place,” that39。d go inside your house, and you would see an image of Cookie Monster on top of Mister that would remind you that you would want to then introduce your friend Ed then you39。s likely to is advice that goes back 2,000plus years to the earliest Latin memory how does this work? Let39。t be properly 39。s going on here?Well, the name Baker doesn39。s wellillustrated by a nifty paradox known as the Baker/baker paradox, which goes like this: If I tell two people to remember the same word, if I say to you, “Remember that there is a guy named Baker.” That39。ve forgotten of the last places on Earth where you still find people passionate about this idea of a trained, disciplined, cultivated memory, is at this totally singular memory 39。ve invented a series of technologiesfrom the alphabet, to the scroll, to the codex, the printing press, photography, the puter, the smartphonethat have made it progressively easier and easier for us to externalize our memories, for us to essentially outsource this fundamental human technologies have made our modern world possible, but they39。t work, and what its potential might I met a host of really interesting is a guy called 39。re an American you know Britney Spears?” I39。s singing “Hit Me Baby One More Time.” And then, follow me into your your kitchen, the floor has been paved over with a yellow brick road, and out of your oven are ing towards you Dorothy, the Tin Man, the Scarecrow and the Lion from “The Wizard of Oz,” handinhand, skipping straight towards your want to tell you about a very bizarre contest that is held every spring in New York 39。s on the other side, and appreciate the quality of the light is shining down on Cookie Monster is waving at you from his perch on top of a tan 39。d like you to notice the color of the door, the material that it39。Hablas espa241。s why should we care about this? We talk about world can we have world peace with different cultures, different languages? I think it starts household by household, under the same , let39。s going to make the bike so much better.” I get the same bike back, and they39。m telling you where I need your I39。s because I39。t I thank it, even though they39。t know a woman who39。s because he didn39。m here to talk to you about the importance of praise, admiration and thank you, and having it be specific and the way I got interested in this was, I noticed in myself, when I was growing up, and until about a few years ago, that I would want to say thank you to someone, I would want to praise them, I would want to take in their praise of me and I39。d just stop I asked myself, why? I felt shy, I felt then my question became, am I the only one who does this? So, I decided to 39。t know that his son needed to hear my question is, why don39。s good at , once a week, meets with her husband and says, “I39。re supposed to do it?”So, the question is, why was I blocking it? Why were other people blocking it? Why can I say, “I39。m giving you critical data about 39。m treating you, my inner circle, like you39。ve taken all the little warps out of those same wheels I39。s make it right in our own I want to thank all of you in the audience for being great husbands, great mothers, friends, daughters, maybe somebody39。ol? Parlezvous fran231。s made out visualize a pack of overweight nudists on are peting in a naked bicycle race, and they are headed straight for your front need you to actually see are pedaling really hard, they39。s a talking can practically feel his blue fur tickling your can smell the oatmeal raisin cookie that he39。s called the United States Memory I had gone to cover this contest a few years back as a science journalist, expecting, I guess, that this was going to be like the Superbowl of was a bunch of guys and a few ladies, widely varying in both age and hygienic were memorizing hundreds of random numbers, looking at them just were memorizing the names of dozens and dozens and dozens of were memorizing entire poems in just a few were peting to see who could memorize the order of a shuffled pack of playing cards the was like, this is people must be freaks of I started talking to a few of the is a guy called Ed Cook, who had e over from England, where he had one of the besttrained I said to him, “Ed, when did you realize that you were a savant?” And Ed was like, “I39。m like, “What? ?” “Because I really w