【正文】 8．閱讀理解 mouths water?”根據(jù)Smithsonian雜志，世界上大約20%的人容易招蚊子咬?？芍?，文章建議我們可以通過穿淺色衣服來避免蚊子叮咬。t pregnant.”對二氧化碳的喜歡使得孕婦很容易被蚊子咬，因為她們比正常相同年齡，相同體型的人呼出多余21%的二氧化碳，可知，孕婦呼出更多的二氧化碳，所以更招蚊子咬。它們通過聞人和動物呼出的二氧化碳來鎖定目標；以及第五段中的“Mosquitoes start orienting themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations”蚊子開始飛向有二氧化碳的地方，當它們感知到高濃度的二氧化碳時，就保持逆流飛行，可知，蚊子通過感知二氧化碳的增加來鎖定目標。t worry. Some simple tips can help ward them off. Scientists remend that we use insect repellent (驅(qū)蟲劑) and wear lightcolored clothing.（1）How do mosquitoes locate their targets, according to the article? seeking out bright clothes. identifying different blood types. sensing an increase of carbon dioxide. following bigger crowds.（2）Why are pregnant women more likely to be bitten by mosquitoes? larger size helps mosquitoes to see them. breathe out more CO2. are more likely to sweat. body temperatures are higher.（3）How does the article advise you to avoid mosquitoes? regularly. lightcolored clothing. your skin dry and clean. indoors in the evening.（4）What39。According to Live Science, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 50 meters away. At this distance, what we wear has a huge effect. Due to their vision (視覺), people wearing dark colors are more likely to bee targets. If this is you, you39。Some people sit outside for hours without getting bitten by mosquitoes, but it always seems like you39。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 （4）考查主旨大意。s heart health.”如果我們微笑，我們就打破了壓力和健康之間的聯(lián)系?？芍斘覀兲幱谖ｋU中時，壓力荷爾蒙可以幫助我們?？芍珻hockalingam博士認為微笑能使我們的身體產(chǎn)生有益的化學物質(zhì)。同時說明了微笑有利于健康的原因和人們感到壓力時的身體反應等情況。 However, when we are stressed for a long period, these stress hormones are everpresent in our bodies. And that, medical researchers warn, may lead to health problems.When you feel stressed or under pressure, your body releases many natural hormones (荷爾蒙) including adrenaline and cortisol. Adrenaline increases your heart rate and blood pressure. Cortisol is the body39。 縱觀全文可知，本文介紹了最近的一項研究，一種新的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻可以預防艾滋病病毒的感染。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.”可知，科學研究小組認為要進一步的測試，以確?；蚬こ踢^程不會產(chǎn)生任何可能對人類有害的額外化學物質(zhì)。根據(jù)第五段中的“They say the easiest and most costeffective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin.”可知，最簡單、最劃算的使用方法是將大米制成面霜涂在皮膚上。盡管口服藥物治療已經(jīng)有了進展減緩了疾病的發(fā)展，但現(xiàn)在還沒有治愈艾滋病毒/艾滋病的方法”。A first aid brochure.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學家培育出可預防艾滋病病毒感染的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻。It applies to the developed world.（4）From which is the text probably taken? A.By processing it into a cream.（3）What can we infer about the genetic engineering process? A.Introduce HIV to the public.（2）In which way will the rice be used at the lowest cost? A. The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.（1）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A. The study reports the newlydeveloped rice produces proteins that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process prevents the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading.”故選B。故選C。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Australia showed that bees could perform arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction (減法).”澳大利亞證明蜜蜂可以做加法和減法等算術(shù)運算。The Relationship Between Brain Size and Brain Power【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，RMIT大學的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了蜜蜂能做基本的數(shù)學。Some primates, birds and even spiders can add and substract.（4）What can be the best title for the text? A.calls for a lot of maths knowledge（3）What does the finding of the new research suggest? A. numerical cognition ________. A.The relationship between brain size and brain power.B. Many species can understand the difference between quantities and use this to search for food, make decisions and solve problems. But numerical cognition, such as exact number and arithmetic operations, requires a more plex level of processing. “If math doesn39。4．犇犇閱讀理解 根據(jù)最后一段中的“In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others.”可知，孩子欣賞那些在做好事的同時表現(xiàn)出色的人。根據(jù)第三段中的“In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.”可知，孩子們會走向被撞倒的人，而由于孩子太小，甚至可能是人類與生俱來的偏好。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。 Researchers showed toddlers (aged 21 to 31 months) a scene where two puppets (木偶) approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three.s true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate (天生的) preference for highranking peoples—but only if those people aren39。故選B。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“had better attention and shortterm memory ”可知，Stephen Kaplan的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)親近大自然可以提高注意力和短期記憶力，也就是說提高了大腦的工作效率。 （2）考查推理判斷。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。t think of being outdoors as a way to increase happiness, says Nisbet. We think other things will, like shopping or TV. But South Korea is starting to challenge this opinion. The