【正文】 n room measures 6 metres by prep./…上He is already aboard the finally went down 舒適地坐下或躺下；定居下來(lái)過(guò)安定的生活I(lǐng) settled down with a are you going to get married and settle down? to do=succeed in doing=be able to do 成功地做 in （時(shí)間、距離、范圍、限度）；在…之內(nèi)You should receive a reply within 7 it within walking distance? ，略微的I woke up with a slight ，稍微a slightly different version ，進(jìn)一步確定，確認(rèn)，批準(zhǔn)The experiment confirmed his president confirmed that he would visit France the following ，間隔What’s the distance from Changchun to Beijing? What’s the distance between Changchun and Beijing?in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處，遠(yuǎn)方的I saw smoke in the I went downtown to do some shopping 在…期間，經(jīng)過(guò)Will you be at home over Christmas? Over the years he has bee lazier and ，大概The hospital is approximately 5 kilometers from the My parents live ，使十分害怕Flying terrifies …留下深刻印象；使…銘記impress 第五篇：高中英語(yǔ)必修4 Unit 4 語(yǔ)法教案Period IV Grammar(必修4，unit4)Teaching aim: Grasp the usages ofing form used as the attributive and the adverbial for the grammar by oneself before class.[自學(xué)探究]（SB P29 Discovering useful structures） work toghter to make a thorough inquiry during class.[合作學(xué)習(xí)］現(xiàn)在分詞及其短語(yǔ)可以在句子中作定語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。其動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，與其修飾詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，也就是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作就是它修飾的那個(gè)詞的動(dòng)作。1．現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置（1）現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)多置于它所修飾的名詞之前；分詞短語(yǔ)用于它所修飾詞的后面。例如：He is an attacking 。They lived a room facing the north thirty years ，他住在一個(gè)朝北的房間里。（2）如現(xiàn)在分詞修飾由some/any/no + thing/body/one所形成的不定代詞或指示代詞those時(shí)，分詞在這些被修飾詞的后面。例如：Anyone swimming will be 。重點(diǎn)把握：動(dòng)詞ing形式中的動(dòng)名詞也可用作定語(yǔ)，它表示用作…的，而現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)通常相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：a writing table = a table used for writing ；a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間關(guān)系現(xiàn)在分詞表進(jìn)行意味和主動(dòng)意味，因此，用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其表示的動(dòng)作是與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的,或是正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：There were no soldiers drilling.= There were no soldiers who were 。The man running over there is our chairman.= The man who is running over there is our 。重點(diǎn)把握：having done(現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài))表示該動(dòng)作先于另一個(gè)動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)永遠(yuǎn)不能作定語(yǔ)。如果一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，既要表達(dá)進(jìn)行意味，又要表達(dá)被動(dòng)意味時(shí)，可用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：The meeting being held is very 。The skyscraper being built is still higher than that built the year before ?，F(xiàn)在分詞及其短語(yǔ)可在句子中作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子。用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、或伴隨情況等。例如：Climbing to the top of the hill, we saw a beautiful 。Being sick I stayed at 。重點(diǎn)把握：如指將來(lái)的動(dòng)作就可用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如： a meeting to be held 將要召開(kāi)的會(huì)議 如表過(guò)去可用過(guò)去分詞 a meeting held 開(kāi)過(guò)的會(huì)議現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)間關(guān)系（1）現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生分詞用一般形式。例如：Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his ，他沒(méi)把自己的地址給他。It rained heavily, causing great ，造成了很大損害。He ran up to her breathing ?！局攸c(diǎn)把握】分詞作作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)必須注意分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子主語(yǔ)保持一致。但是，有幾個(gè)常用詞組不符合這種語(yǔ)法限制。如：generally speaking, considering, judging from, talking from，supposing（為連詞意思為假如）,（2）現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）是同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生的。否則現(xiàn)在分詞需用完成形式。例如：Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the ，他不想去看了。Not having received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to ，他決定打個(gè)電話給他父親。思維拓展過(guò)去分詞狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其表示的動(dòng)作時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)承受的動(dòng)作。他們之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Given more attention, the trees could have grown ，他們本來(lái)會(huì)長(zhǎng)的更好?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作就是句子主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作。因此，句子主語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。例如：I run out of the house 。I got home, feeling very 有些現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其前可用after, before, since, when, while, whenever, once, until, on, as等詞。例如：After talking to you, I always fell 。When telephoning London numbers from abroad, dial 1, not ，請(qǐng)撥1，不是01。 work toghter with students STEP3.［典例解析］ secretary worked late into the night, ____ a long speech for the to prepareB preparing C preparedD was preparing [解析] 本題考察現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)用法。分詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選B。 a reply, he decided to write Not receivingB Receiving notC Not having receivedD Having not received [解析]分詞短語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。Not 要放在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。3.“Can39。t you read?” Mary said ____ to the angrily pointingB and point angrilyC angrily pointedD and angrily pointing [解析] 現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，分詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案為A。 meeting ____ now is very heldB to be heldC being heldD holding [解析]會(huì)議是被召開(kāi)的，故排除掉D。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now我們知道會(huì)議是正在召開(kāi)的，而不定式作定語(yǔ)表將來(lái)。故答案為C you want a letter ____ , you must keep in mind several rules while written。writtenB well written。writingC well writing。writingD well written。write [解析]第一個(gè)空為過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，分詞與他修飾的名次之間有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞。第二個(gè)空是while加現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故答案為B。 never spends a _____ more worryB most worrying C more worryingD more worried [解析]因句子具有“a day worried him”即a day is worrying的意義，所以需用worrying。故答案為C。7.——— speaking, women live longer than from everything into consideration [解析] 此句子考察的是表示說(shuō)話人態(tài)度的一些慣用法。依據(jù)句子意思應(yīng)是一般說(shuō)來(lái)的，通常說(shuō)來(lái)，故選 B understand what he doesn’t, he makes a fool of pretended always being pretended pretended get there in time, they came _____all the run ’ll go to have a piic tomorrow or the day after _____ on the depending has rained nonstop for ten days, pletely _____ our ruin ruined set out _____for the losing lost search lost losing ’s a pleasure to watch the face of a boy sat there _____what to ’t knowing ’t knowing know knowing secretary worked late into the night, _____a long speech for the international prepare preparing football is played in 80 countries _____it the most popular sport in the make _____Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, _____that he had enjoyed his stay here ,add , adding, adding , added to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced _____ their leave be left left語(yǔ)法同步練習(xí)15 DABAB 610CDCAC B and the exercises toghter with the text.