【正文】
和be made from 巧記物質(zhì)不變用of,物質(zhì)變化from,如果物質(zhì)不明白,可問(wèn)君自何處來(lái)? (1)“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃),mind,miss,enjoy,give up,admit,avoid,finish,escape,practise.(2)“makes(a)fit speach”mind,Avoid,keep,Enjoy,Suggest/Finish,Imagine,Think about,Spend,Practise,Excuse,escape, Can39。t help “要想干,同意辦,愿意不愿意,決定盡量干。”,想要,希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean)(agree,promise)(care,hate,refuse),企圖(determine,decide,offer,attempt,try,manage)(1)勸教命請(qǐng)叫(advise,teach,order,mand,ask,tell)(2)允許又警告(allow,permit,warn)(3)使役表意向(cause,let,have,make,lead,set,leave,get,wish,want,expect)(4)知覺(jué)動(dòng)詞妙(feel,hear,watch,see,observe,notice) begin,start,continue,forget,remember,regret,intend,like,love,hate,try,: 不定式動(dòng)名詞A)某一具體行動(dòng)指一般的、經(jīng)常的情況B)表示主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作可能表示任何人的動(dòng)作 C)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)D)未發(fā)生的事已發(fā)生的事E)短暫的或可能進(jìn)行的事延續(xù)的或重復(fù)發(fā)生的事 She hated to talk about people39。s hate talking about people39。s wants to repair the desk wants ,跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow, Fu39。s Cap(阿福 的帽子)阿福的帽子,代表七動(dòng)詞,賓補(bǔ)不定式,賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞 Ex.—What is it that they permit? —Some old away taken away take away be taken away “直到……才”(not until)和“直到……為止”(until)的方法 把until 作為時(shí)間終止線(xiàn)。從句的時(shí)間終點(diǎn)之前,這個(gè)動(dòng)作做了還是沒(méi)做? 做了——肯定;沒(méi)做——否定?!頱egin doing/start doing/begin to do/star to do:四個(gè)短語(yǔ)是一樣的意思。continue to do=continue doing ☆stop to do ,停下來(lái)去做某事 stop doing ☆forget to do 忘記去做某事 forget doing 忘記已經(jīng)做了什么事 ☆regret to do:很遺憾要去做 regret doing 很遺憾已經(jīng)做 ☆have/has been to 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)have/has gone to 已經(jīng)向某處去,到達(dá)與否不確定 ☆see sb do sth 看見(jiàn)某人做某事(強(qiáng)調(diào)全過(guò)程)see sb doing 看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事 hear 的用法也是如此。如果全過(guò)程用do,過(guò)程中的一瞬間(相當(dāng)于看了一眼就不看了)第五篇:英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)順口溜集錦英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)順口溜集錦在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中,針對(duì)初中學(xué)生思想活躍,好奇心強(qiáng),注意力不易集中等特點(diǎn),在實(shí)踐中注意收集,整理繁瑣的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)為瑯瑯上口的順口溜,使教學(xué)更生動(dòng)、形象,便于學(xué)生記憶、理解?,F(xiàn)就語(yǔ)音、詞匯、語(yǔ)法三方面舉例如下:一、語(yǔ)音 ①?lài)?guó)際音標(biāo)國(guó)際音標(biāo)四十八、個(gè)個(gè)都要記清它,元音單、雙二十整,輔音清、濁二十八。元音單元音分中、前、后,依次各有二、四、六,雙元音數(shù)也是雙,正好八個(gè)不要漏。中元音:〔〕,〔〕單元音 前元音:〔i:〕,〔i〕,〔e〕,〔〕 后元音:〔u:〕,〔u〕,〔〕,〔〕,〔a:〕雙元音:〔ei〕,〔ai〕,〔〕,〔〕,〔〕,〔〕,〔〕,〔〕,輔音輔音雖多也別慌,清濁成對(duì)有十雙,剩下〔h〕〔r〕〔l〕〔j〕〔w〕,還有鼻音〔m〕〔n〕〔η〕。清濁成對(duì):〔p〕,〔b〕;〔t〕,〔d〕,〔k〕,〔g〕;〔f〕,〔v〕;〔θ〕,〔〕 〔s〕,〔z〕;〔∫〕〔 〕。〔ts〕,〔dz〕;〔tr〕,〔dr〕;〔t∫〕,〔dз〕 ②二十八個(gè)輔音按發(fā)音特點(diǎn)歸類(lèi):一舌、二半、三鼻,六爆、六破、十摩擦。一舌:〔l〕二半:〔w〕,〔j〕 三鼻音:〔m〕,〔n〕,〔η〕六個(gè)爆破音:〔p〕,〔b〕;〔t〕,〔d〕;〔k〕,〔g〕 六個(gè)破擦音:〔ts〕,〔dz〕,〔tr〕,〔dr〕,〔t〕,〔d〕十個(gè)摩擦音:〔f〕,〔v〕,〔θ〕,〔〕,〔s〕,〔z〕,〔∫〕,〔〕,〔h〕,〔r〕 ③拼讀口訣:輔音輕讀元音重,兩音相讀猛一碰。二、詞匯:①形容詞性物主代詞變名詞性物主代詞: 一變、二留、四加S。一變:mymine二留:hishis,itsits 四加S:youryours herhers ourours theirtheirs ②后輟構(gòu)詞法:一元一輔,又重又短,雙寫(xiě)輔音,再加后綴。“一元一輔,又重又短”指某單詞是以重讀閉音結(jié)尾,只有一個(gè)元音字母而且讀短音,末尾也只有一個(gè)輔音字母的單詞;這八個(gè)字概述了四個(gè)條件,缺一不可,“雙寫(xiě)輔音,再加后綴”如符合上述情況的,在構(gòu)成后綴時(shí),需雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母,再加后綴。此方法可用于規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞;形容詞變比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)等。例:stopstopping(現(xiàn)在分詞)stopped(過(guò)去式)stopped(過(guò)去分詞)fatfatter(比較級(jí))fattest(最高級(jí))注:加現(xiàn)在分詞時(shí),需要留意以下兩種情況。①open〔39。 upen〕它不是以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的,不符合上述條件,故末尾輔音不能雙寫(xiě)。而begin,forget是重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞,符合上述情況,構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在分詞時(shí),需雙寫(xiě)輔音beginning,forgetting。②throw,play stay雖符合“一元一輔”條件,但他們是元音字母組合發(fā)音不符合條件,故不能雙寫(xiě)throwing,playing staying ③人稱(chēng)代詞與be動(dòng)詞變化 我后am,你后are。is跟著他、她、它。注:we、they,均為are。三、語(yǔ)法: ①反意疑問(wèn)句:反意疑問(wèn),理解其意,前后相反,構(gòu)成問(wèn)句。時(shí)態(tài)一致,句型統(tǒng)一,前否后肯,回答注意。例:Your brother doesn39。t study hard,does he? 你弟弟學(xué)習(xí)不努力,是嗎?No, he doesn39。t。是的,他不努力。注:下列情況另當(dāng)別論。a)祈使句構(gòu)成的反意疑問(wèn)句:1)Let39。s have a rest, shall we? 2)Let us have a rest, will you? 3)Lend your bike, will you? b)陳述句部分含有never, hardly, few no, little, nothing, nobody時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分要用肯定形式。1)Mike can hardly speak Chinese, can he? 2)You have nothing to say, do you? ②省to作賓補(bǔ)的不定式的動(dòng)詞有,一感(feel),二聽(tīng)(listen to, hear)三讓?zhuān)╨et, make, have),四看(see, watch, look at, notice)以上的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),后面的不定式須帶to。例:We often heard her sing in her room,She was heard to sing in her : look at, listen to 在運(yùn)用中,省to多用于美語(yǔ)中。例:The teacher looked at the children enter the classroom。We have been listening to the radio tell a long story。