【正文】 “it was”也可不譯出來。）再如：—Who is knocking at the door？誰在敲門？—It39。s me．是我。2．指說話者心目中的那個(gè)人。如：—Is it your sister，Kate？（那舊照片上的 baby）是你姐姐凱特吧？—No！不是?！狪s it your brother？是你哥哥吧？—No！不是?！狪 know—it39。s you！我知道了，（那）是你。3．指代性別不詳?shù)膵胗變夯蛟诓挥?jì)較性別時(shí)，也可用it來指人。如The child smiled when it saw its mother．這小孩一見到母親就笑了。I don39。t know who it is．我不知道他是誰。注意：看到這樣的句子（或聽到這樣的話）時(shí)，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它譯成“它”。）4．在回答用指示代詞表示人的特殊問句時(shí)，常用it指人。如：—Who39。s that？那人是誰？—Is it Kate？是凱特嗎？—Yes，I think you39。re right．It39。s Kate．是的，我想你說對(duì)了，是凱特。三、用于指時(shí)間、距離和自然現(xiàn)象等。1．表示時(shí)間。如：—What time is it？幾點(diǎn)鐘？—It39。s ten．十點(diǎn)鐘。It39。s summer in Australia now．現(xiàn)在澳大利亞是夏天。特別注意it用于表示時(shí)間時(shí)還常見于以下兩個(gè)句型中：（1）It39。s time（for sb．）to do sth．／It39。s time for sth．譯為“是（某人）該干??的時(shí)間了”、“到??的時(shí)候了”。如：It39。s time for supper／to have supper．是吃晚飯的時(shí)候了。I think it39。s time for us to start the lesson now．我想現(xiàn)在是我們開始上課的時(shí)候了。（2）It is ／has been ＋時(shí)間段＋since ＋一般過去時(shí)。譯為“自從??以來已過了??（時(shí)間）”。此結(jié)構(gòu)可以與另一種句型進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。如：It has been two weeks since we met last．＝ Two weeks has passed since we met last．自從我們上次相遇以來，兩個(gè)星期過去了。It39。s three years since he came here．＝It has been three years since he came here．＝He has been here for three years．他到這里已經(jīng)三年了。2．表示距離。如：It39。s half an hour39。s walk from my home to the school．從我家到學(xué)校步行得花半小時(shí)時(shí)間?！猈here39。s the farm，Li Lei？Is it far？李雷，農(nóng)場在哪里？遠(yuǎn)嗎？—No，it39。s quite near．不，（距）離這很近。3．表示自然現(xiàn)象。如：Sometimes it snows and the land is all white．有時(shí)下雪，大地一片白。It is very quiet here at the moment．眼下這兒很安靜。四、用作形式主語。英語中常常見到某個(gè)句子以it開頭，it與其后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語、名詞性從句等相呼應(yīng)，以表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意義。這是一種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法，這樣的句式可避免句子顯得頭重腳輕。1．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋（for／of sb．）＋動(dòng)詞不定式短語。對(duì)于這個(gè)句型中究竟用 for還是用of，一般遵循這樣的規(guī)則：如果形容詞僅僅是描述事物的形容詞，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等用for；如果形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的，如：kind，good，nice，clever等則用of。如：It is interesting to play with snow in winter．冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。It39。s important for us to keep the water clean．保持水質(zhì)清潔對(duì)我們來說是很重要的。It39。s very kind of you to say so．你這樣說真是太好了。注意：這一句式中的形容詞位置也可換用名詞；連系動(dòng)詞be也可換用其它連系動(dòng)詞，如feel等。如：It39。s a good habit to get up early and go to bed early．早睡早起是好習(xí)慣。It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飛船飛往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister．有個(gè)孿生姐妹感覺很奇怪。2．It ＋will be／is ／was ＋形容詞＋動(dòng)名詞短語。如：It39。s bad playing in the street．在街上玩是沒好處的。Is it any good trying again？再試一次有用嗎？3．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋從句。如：It is certain that he will e．他一定會(huì)來。It39。s true that he may fall behind the other students．他真的可能落后于其他同學(xué)。It is strange that he should say so．他居然這么說，真是奇怪。4．It ＋is ／was ＋one39。s turn（duty，pleasure）＋to do sth．意為“該輪到某人做某事（做某事是某人的責(zé)任、愉悅的事）”。如：It39。s your turn to be on duty tomorrow．明天輪到你值日了。5．It takes（sb．）some time to do sth．意為“（某人）花??時(shí)間做某事”。如It took me a week to finish reading the book．我花了一周時(shí)間看完這本書。6．It ＋cost／costs ＋sb．＋some money ＋to do sth．譯為“某人花多少錢做某事”。如：It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch．我買這塊新手表花了260元。7．It seems ／seemed ＋從句。譯為“看起來好像??”，此結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“seem ＋動(dòng)詞不定式”形式。如：It seems that he is ill．＝He seems to be ill．看起來他好像病了。[原題再現(xiàn)]①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international ② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football 答案: ① D ② D五、用作形式賓語。當(dāng)句子的真正賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句時(shí)，為避免句子頭重腳輕，須將其放在賓語補(bǔ)足語之后，改用先行詞it占據(jù)其原來的位置。it用作形式賓語的句型為：主語＋謂語＋it＋賓語補(bǔ)足語＋動(dòng)詞不定式／動(dòng)名詞／從句。該句型中賓語補(bǔ)足語可由形容詞、名詞等充當(dāng)。如：He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well．他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好一門外語是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed．我們認(rèn)為躺在床上看書無益處。I think it necessary that we have the meeting．我認(rèn)為開這個(gè)會(huì)是必要的。[原題再現(xiàn)]Don39。t ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most as this for granted that for it for granted答案: D。如：It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this ，就是在街上我看見李明。[原題再現(xiàn)]________was in 1979________I graduated from 。that 。that 。when 。when答案: B。如：It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【練習(xí)】（1）There is a photo on the the photo of Lei 39。s （高考，1980)（2)Is＿necessary to tell his father everything? (MET1987)(3)Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? (4)I consider____ my duty to help you． (5).It was at four o39。clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in 答案：(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B(6)．I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全國I） (7).Do you like ___ here?Oh， air，the weather，the way of is so nice.（2004全國II） (8)．The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move (9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths (10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no 答案：C D B A A八、it, one和that作替代詞的用法及區(qū)別it, one和that雖然都可以用來替代前面所提到的一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞,以避免重復(fù),但在具體用法上卻有不同。簡述如下:,該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。[原題再現(xiàn)]The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______? 39。t 39。t it答案: D。該事物只能是可數(shù)名詞,前面可以有冠詞,也可以被this、that或形容詞修飾,其后也可以有定語。[原題再現(xiàn)]Why don39。t we have a little break?Didn39。t we just have________? 答案: C。該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞,要有后置定語,但不可以有前置修飾語。[原題再現(xiàn)]Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot 答案: C高考“it”的用法英語題歷屆高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題精選（一）“it”的用法 it during the Second World War_____ he died? (88) ____ necessary to plete the design before National Day?(89) dont think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory (91) ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?(91) was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film , , that , , then(92) was disappointed with the had expected ______ to be much (93) was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts (94) a fact that English is being accepted as an international (95) was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their (97) hate _____ when people talk with their mouths (98) is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you e from or what you (2000)KEYS:15 ACDDB610 DCDBA11 B ’