【正文】 力，或者是《奪寶奇兵》里印第安那瓊斯戰(zhàn)勝恐懼自愿送入“蛇口”。Well, what you choose to do next is what we call in the movies the ‘characterdefining moment.’ Now, these are moments you’re very familiar with, like in the last Star Wars: The Force Awakens, when Rey realizes the force is with Indiana Jones choosing mission over fear by jumping over a pile of ，你會看到很多角色定義時刻，但是現(xiàn)實生活中，你每天都會遇到。人生如戲，人生是一系列強有力的“角色定義時刻”。我很幸運18歲的時候就清楚自己想要做什么，但是我卻不清楚“我是誰”。怎么會呢？我們怎么會不知道自己是誰呢？因為我們25歲之前，我們一直都在聽取別人的聲音，家長、老師向我們灌輸智慧和信息，領導、導師以他們的角度告訴我們世界如何運轉。Now in a twohour movie, you get a handful of characterdefining moments, but in real life, you face them every is one strong, long string of characterdefining I was lucky that at 18 I knew what I exactly wanted to I didn’t know who I could I? And how could any of us? Because for the first 25 years of our lives, we are trained to listen to voices that are not our and professors fill our heads with wisdom and information, and then employers and mentors take their place and explain how this world really “聲音”有權威性而且奏效，但有時懷疑會涌進我們的內(nèi)心，尤其是當我們獨立思考、發(fā)現(xiàn)這與我們的世界觀并不一致時。一段時間內(nèi)我們是可以允許自己壓抑自己的想法、與這些矛盾共存的，允許它們定義我們自己的性格，就像哈利尼爾森唱的“每個人都在議論我，所以我聽不到自己內(nèi)心”。And usually these voices of authority make sense, but sometimes, doubt starts to creep into our heads and into our even when we think, ‘that’s not quite how I see the world,’ it’s kind of easier to just to nod in agreement and go along, and for a while, I let that going along define my I was repressing my own point of view, because like in that Nilsson song, ‘Everybody was talkin’ at me, so I couldn’t hear the echoes of my mind.’起初，我需要聽取的內(nèi)心聲音幾乎不可聞，很難被注意到，就像我高中時期。但是一旦我開始留意內(nèi)心所想，直覺就會降臨。And at first, the internal voice I needed to listen to was hardly audible, and it was hardly noticeablekind of like me in high then I started paying more attention, and my intuition kicked ：直覺并不同于意識。它們通常同時運作，但是有一點不同的是：你的意識會告訴你這是你應該做的，然而直覺會悄悄說這是你能做的，聽從那個告訴你能做什么的聲音，沒有什么比它更能定義你的角色。And I want to be clear that your intuition is different from your work in tandem, but here’s the distinction: Your conscience shouts, ‘here’s what you should do,’ while your intuition whispers, ‘here’s what you could do.’ Listen to that voice that tells you what you could will define your character more than ，我會聽從我的直覺，全力投入到一些項目中去，而放棄其他。Because once I turned to my intuition, and I tuned into it, certain projects began to pull me into them, and others, I turned away ，我的電影中的大多數(shù)，我猜你們可以稱之為“逃避現(xiàn)實”。我不會拒絕任何這些電影的邀約，不只是《1941》。不止那一部，很多早期電影反映了我當時內(nèi)心的價值觀，如今我仍然在這樣做。但是我當時處于自己的電影泡沫中，因為我的輟學，我受限的世界觀部分來自于我的想象，而不是外界教會我的。And up until the 1980s, my movies were mostly, I guess what you could call ‘escapist.’ And I don’t dismiss any of these moviesnot even even that many of these early films reflected the values that I cared deeply about, and I still I was in a celluloid bubble, because I’d cut my education short, my worldview was limited to what I could dream up in my head, not what the world could teach 《紫色》時，這部電影開拓了我的眼界，印象頗為深刻。這個故事充滿了深刻的痛苦和真理，就像當時Shug Avery說的，“一切都需要被愛”。我的本能直覺告訴我這些富有靈感的電影人物應當被更多人所知道。通過制作那個電影，我認識到了制作電影可以是一個使命。But then I directed The Color this one film opened my eyes to experiences that I never could have imagined, and yet were all too story was filled with deep pain and deeper truths, like when Shug Avery says, ‘Everything wants to be loved.’ My gut, which was my intuition, told me that more people needed to meet these characters and experience these while making that film, I realized that a movie could also be a 。不要等待，不要害怕，直接面對使命感所帶來的一切風險和挑戰(zhàn)。I hope all of you find that sense of ’t turn away from what’s 。你們的任務是改變世界，你們是未來的希望，勇敢的創(chuàng)新者、開拓者、領導者和執(zhí)行者。My job is to create a world that lasts two job is to create a world that lasts are the future innovators, motivators, leaders and ?！顿_紀公園》的編劇Michael Crichton，畢業(yè)于哈佛醫(yī)學院，經(jīng)常引用他最喜歡的一位教授說過的話“如果你不懂歷史，你就一無所知?！本腿缤闶且黄瑯淙~卻不自知作為樹木一部分的角色。所以歷史專業(yè)的學生們，從歷史和文化的角度來講，你們做了很棒的選擇，雖然工作上并沒有明顯優(yōu)勢。And the way you create a better future is by studying the Parkwriter Michael Crichton, who graduated from both this college and this medical school, liked to quote a favorite professor of his who said that if you didn’t know history, you didn’t know were a leaf that didn’t know it was part of a history majors: Good choice, you’re in great shape...Not in the job market, but 。社會化媒介的使命是是詮釋現(xiàn)在和未來，但是我不斷在挑戰(zhàn)讓我的孩子們能夠多花一些時間了解背后的故事，去探究真正發(fā)生了什么。因為弄懂自己是誰就是探究父母是誰，了解他們祖父母是誰。美國是一個移民國家，過去和現(xiàn)在都是，所以透過祖父母就知道他們移民過來時這個國家是什么樣子。The rest of us have to make a little media that we’re inundated and swarmed with is about the here and I’ve been fighting and fighting inside my own family to get all my kids to look behind them, to look at what already has to understand who they are is to understand who were were, and who their grandparents were, and then, what this country was like when they emigrated are a nation of immigrantsat least for ，這意味著我們每個人都有自己的故事可講，都有很多故事可講。如果可以的話，和你的父母、祖父母聊聊天，聽聽他們的故事，我保證，就像我向我的孩子保證的一樣，一定收獲頗豐，絕對不會無聊。So to me, this means we all have to tell our own have so many stories to to your parents and your grandparents, if you can, and ask them about their I promise you, like I have promised my kids, you will not be 。我閱讀歷史，并不是為了說教——這只是額外好處——而是因為歷史充斥著最偉大的故事。英雄與惡棍都不是文學中的構想，他們是所有歷史的核心。And that’s why I so often make movies based on reallife look to history not to be didactic, ‘cause that’s just a bonus, but I look because the past is filled with the greatest stories that have ever been and villains are not literary constructs, but they’re at the heart of all 。這也是迫使林肯和辛德勒做出正確的道德選擇的原因。在你的定義時刻里，不要讓道德心因為利己左右搖擺。堅持自我需要勇氣，而勇敢需要背后很多人的支持。And again, this is why it’s so important to listen to your internal ’s the same one that pelled Abraham Lincoln and Oskar Schindler to make the correct moral your defining moments, do not let your morals be swayed by convenience or to your character requires a lot of to be courageous, you’re going to need a lot of ，你會有父母的支持，像我一樣。我把母親看做我的幸運女神。12歲時，我父親給了我一個電影攝像機，也是因為有了這個，我可以更好的去感知這個世界，我很感謝我的父親?，F(xiàn)在我很感激父親也來到哈佛坐在這里。And if you’re lucky, you have parents