【正文】 han three hundreds people died in the oil well accident in Chongqing in 2003.（）More than three hundred people died in the oil well accident in Chongqing in 2003.(√)[析] hundred, thousand, million, billion等詞前有具體數(shù)詞修飾用來(lái)表示“確數(shù)”時(shí)，無(wú)論數(shù)詞大小，hundred等詞都要用單數(shù)形式。 English teacher is a 38years old man.()My English teacher is a 38yearold man.(√)[析] 句中的38yearsold是由數(shù)詞、名詞和形容詞一起構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，在句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞man。復(fù)合形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí), 其中的名詞要用單數(shù)形式, 且各詞之間要有連字符“”。 Smiths have moved Beijing.()The Smiths have moved to Beijing.(√)[析] 不及物動(dòng)詞后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞之后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~；但不及物動(dòng)詞后接home, here, there等副詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞之后不必加任何介詞。 box is too heavy for him to carry it.()The box is too heavy for him to carry.(√)[析] the box既是這句話(huà)的主語(yǔ), 也是不定式to carry的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，若句末再加上it，就和the box重復(fù)了。II.“主謂不一致”類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤例析主謂不一致類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤指的是句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上不一致而形成的錯(cuò)誤。 of the boys have a pen.()Each of the boys has a pen.(√)[析] 復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有表個(gè)體的each of, one of, every，either of等詞組修飾，或有表否定的neither of, none of 等詞組修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。 he nor you is good at English.()Neither he nor you are good at English.(√)[析] either...or..., neither...nor..., not only..., but also...等詞組連接句子的兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近一致原則”, 即由靠近謂語(yǔ)的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)決定謂語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)用何種形式。 months are quite a long time.()Two months is quite a long time.(√)[析] 當(dāng)時(shí)間、度量、距離、重量等名詞作句子主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常將其看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。 minus three are seven.()Ten minus three is seven.(√)[析] 用英語(yǔ)表示加（plus）、減(minus)等數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式。 TV too much are bad for your eyes.()Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.(√)[析] 不定式、ving形式充當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式 number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000.()The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000.(√)[析] the number of表示“??的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；a number of 的意思是“若干”或“許多”，相當(dāng)于some或a lot of，和復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。III.“詞序”、“語(yǔ)序”類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤例析詞序、語(yǔ)序類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤指的是單詞或句子在排列順序上不正確，也表現(xiàn)為該用陳述語(yǔ)序的用了疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，或該用疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序的用了陳述句語(yǔ)序等情況。!I have important something to tell you.（）Hello!I have something important to tell you.(√)[析] 形容詞或動(dòng)詞不定式修飾不定代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，修飾成分要置于不定代詞之后。 son is enough old to go to school.（）His son is old enough to go to school.(√)[析] enough作形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，可以放在名詞前，也可放在名詞后；作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，只能放在形容詞或副詞之后。 is your sweater, put away it.（）Here is your sweater, put it away.(√)[析] put away, pick up, put on等“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的詞組后接代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，代詞只能放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。 don’t know where is he going.（）I don’t know where he is going.(√)[析] 在含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。!Here the bus es.（）Look!Here es the bus.（√）[析] 在以here, there引起的陳述句中，若句子的主語(yǔ)是名詞，要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即用“Here /There+動(dòng)詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)；但主語(yǔ)若是代詞時(shí)，則不用倒裝語(yǔ)序, 即用“Here/There +代詞+動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。 do well in playing football, _______.(我妹妹也行。) my sister does（） does my sister（√） Lei is really a football .(確實(shí)這樣.) is he（） he is（√）[析]“so+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)表示前面所述情況也適用于后者，意為“?也是這樣”；“so+主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞”的陳述結(jié)構(gòu)表示對(duì)前述情況的肯定，意為“?確實(shí)如此”。IV.“邏輯”類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤例析邏輯類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤是指用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)某一思想時(shí)，犯了邏輯推理錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致句子語(yǔ)法成分不全，句意表達(dá)上前后矛盾等方面的失誤。Chongqing is larger than any city in China.()Chongqing is larger than any other city in China.(√)[析] “any city in China”包括了重慶這座城市, 同一事物自己與自己不能做比較，只有在city 前加上other才能表示重慶和中國(guó)的其它城市比較大小。The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing.()The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing.(√)[析] 表示比較時(shí)，句子中的兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象必須一致，不同比較對(duì)象不能做比較。錯(cuò)誤句的比較對(duì)象分別為the weather in Guangzhou和Beijing，這兩個(gè)不同類(lèi)的事物間不能做比較。V.“受漢語(yǔ)思維方式影響”類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤例析受漢語(yǔ)影響類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤是指用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)某個(gè)意思時(shí)，受了漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)的影響而導(dǎo)致犯錯(cuò)。 Wu teaches our English.()Mr Wu teaches us English.(√)[析] “teach .” ，因此teach后的人稱(chēng)代詞要用賓格，而不能受漢語(yǔ)影響使用形容詞性物主代詞。 sister married with a teacher last summer.()His sister married a teacher last summer.(√)[析] 表達(dá)“A和B結(jié)婚”，要用A married/will marry B。這時(shí)務(wù)必要避免受漢語(yǔ)影響使用A married/will marry with B。 is going to have a film tonight.()There is going to be a film tonight.(√)[析] 一般將來(lái)時(shí)用在 There be 句式中時(shí)，be going to或will之后的動(dòng)詞原形只能用be,也就是說(shuō)要用There is(are)going to be..../ There will be....?！痩l go hiking if it won’t rain next Sunday.()I’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.(√)[析]習(xí)慣上在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。 told us yesterday that the earth went around the sun.()Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun.(√)[析]習(xí)慣上在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。但如果從句表述的是一客觀(guān)事實(shí)或客觀(guān)真理時(shí)，則不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 the balls are not ：所有的球都不是圓的。()并不是所有的球都是圓的。(√)[析] all, every, both等詞和not連用時(shí)，not通常放在all, every, both的后面，一般情況下表示部分否定，意為“并非??都??”。 you know the way of the park?()Do you know the way to the park?(√)[析]習(xí)慣上表示無(wú)生命名詞的所有格常用“...of...”； 但表示“通往??的路”要用“the way to...”, 而不能用“the way of...”。類(lèi)似結(jié)構(gòu)的詞還有 the key to the lock(這把鎖的鑰匙), the answer to this question(這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案), the ticket to the concert(音樂(lè)會(huì)的票)等。 didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?_______, though he didn’t feel very , he didn’t(), he did(√)’t you usually e to school by bike? I sometimes , I don’t(), I do(√)[析]習(xí)慣上英語(yǔ)中的yes意為“是的”，no意為“不”，但在“前否后肯”的反意疑問(wèn)句或否定疑問(wèn)句中，yes意為“不”，no意為“是的”。(完)8