【正文】 which)I visited last year.（對）I39。ll never forget the days(which)I spent in the where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。 this museum ___ you visited a few days age? one this the museum ____ the exhibition was one答案：例1 D，例2 A例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was ，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D。而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where 地點(diǎn)狀語，when 時(shí)間狀語，why 原因狀語)。限制性和非限制性定語從句1)定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開，例如：This is the house which we bought last 。（限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very ，是我們上個(gè)月買的。（非限制性）2)當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的，例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last 史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely 。This novel, which I have read three times, is very ，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。3)非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞, 對其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時(shí)從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets ，這使我心煩。Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called ，這就叫做蒸發(fā)。說明：關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。介詞+關(guān)系詞1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。2）that前不能有介詞。3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語的“介詞+關(guān)系詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 互換。This is the house in which I lived two years is the house where I lived two years you remember the day on which you joined our club?Do you remember the day when you joined our club?as, which非限定性定語從句由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。As we know, smoking is harmful to one39。s sun heats the earth, which is very important to 1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a ，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個(gè)句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. 和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，這兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點(diǎn)：(1）as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。(2）as 代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.。在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為B。As 的用法 same… as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu), 和……一樣……。I have got into the same trouble as he(has).，常帶有39。正如39。As we know, smoking is harmful to one39。s is know, smoking is harmful to one39。s 。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當(dāng)從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合一1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)what/whatever/that...1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)關(guān)系代詞that的用法1）不用that的情況a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)。(錯(cuò))The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous )介詞后不能用。We depend on the land from which we get our depend on the land that/which we get our food )只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。b)在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。c)先行詞有the only, the very修飾時(shí)，只用that。d)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時(shí)，只用that。.e)先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。舉例：All that is needed is a supply of 。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the 第五篇：定語從句翻譯練定語從句翻譯練習(xí) care (marry)的姑娘昨天偷了我的錢包。？。，會攢一萬美圓的那個(gè)女孩。？13我喜歡這兩本關(guān)于生物學(xué)的雜志。14屋頂是紅色的房子被毀了。15他認(rèn)識和我點(diǎn)頭的那個(gè)教授。16這就使我參觀過的工廠。17這是你第三次遲到了。1這么多年來，唯一令我不能忘懷的就是家鄉(xiāng)的那條河。1長城是吸引大批游客的世界著名的建筑之一。，我們沒有你需要的外套。