【正文】 We have a MA program in literature/an intercultural munication program，或?qū)W校所設(shè)的“（訓(xùn)練）部”，如：the un language training program； is in charge of the Chinese program in our ： project hope 希望工程 the credit system 學(xué)分制a double BA degree system 雙學(xué)士制students are admitted to be trained for predetermined employers 定向招生key university 重點(diǎn)大學(xué)center for postdoctoral studies 博士后科研流動(dòng)站 specialty 專業(yè)college/university of science and engineering 理工科大學(xué) normal university；teachers39。 university 師范大學(xué) polytechnic university 工業(yè)大學(xué) agricultural university 農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) medical university 醫(yī)科大學(xué)institute of traditional Chinese medicine 中醫(yī)學(xué)院 Sports broken or chalked up 495 world ：produce a total of 495 world (up)/create/establish/make a new rewrite/renew/better/improve the world/one39。s own record ，得獎(jiǎng)牌的表達(dá)方法 won 582 world championships 也可以說(shuō)：gain world titles/championships take/capture 6 titles out of a possible 7 sweep all the 7 titles wrest the championship from...“實(shí)力”，“強(qiáng)項(xiàng)”怎么譯？“實(shí)力”可譯作“strength””或“power”，如：Chinese athletes showed their traditional strength in some track and field events.“實(shí)力”也可能形容詞“powerful”或“strong”表達(dá)，如：Chinese women basketball players are very powerful/strong.“強(qiáng)項(xiàng)”可譯作“strong game/sport”。6.“黑馬”為什么是“dark”horse？“黑馬”是“dark”而不是“black”horse 這里dark的含義是“不清楚”，“不明朗”，表示對(duì)于某人“知道甚少”的意思。Economy and Reform reform可以和以下動(dòng)詞連用：acplish/effect/initiate/make/start reforms bring about reforms carry a reform into effect advocate/propose/urge reforms “深化改革”在我國(guó)出版的英語(yǔ)報(bào)刊上常譯成deepen , understanding一類詞連用?！吧罨母铩敝械摹吧罨本褪恰斑M(jìn)一步”的意思，可譯成： intensify the rural reform further carry out reforms as the reform further develops/is carried forward/is pushed forward 2.“改革開(kāi)放”的表達(dá)法 “改革開(kāi)放”可譯成the policy of reform and opening up 或the reform and the open policy。切不可與the opendoor policy（“門戶開(kāi)放”政策）混淆?！斑M(jìn)一步開(kāi)放”或“門要開(kāi)得更大”可譯成reform and opening up went one step further；further reform and opening up。“加快改革開(kāi)放的步伐”可譯成accelerate the pace of reform and opening up。3.“堅(jiān)持”怎么譯？“堅(jiān)持”可以譯作adhere to, persevere in, persist in, hold on to, stick to, keep to等，如：adherence to the socialist road, to munist party leadership, to the people39。s democratic dictatorship and to MarxismLeninism and Mao Zetong to a coordinated and balanced program of in the pursuit of 1 central task and 2 basic points persisting in reform and opening up hold on to socialism stick to this attitude keep to the socialist orientation adhere to 的意識(shí)是“堅(jiān)持維護(hù)，支持”，“信仰堅(jiān)定”，“忠于”，如：“堅(jiān)持黨的基本路線”可譯作 adhere to the party39。s basic line，“堅(jiān)持無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)國(guó)際主義”可譯作adhere to proletarian internationalism。persevere in 和persist in 一般用于行動(dòng)，都有“在困難或遭到反對(duì)的情況下繼續(xù)”的意思；但persevere in 帶褒義，表示“不屈不撓”，而persist in 帶貶義，表示“頑固，不聽(tīng)開(kāi)導(dǎo)”，如： perseverance means in one39。s studies/armed struggle persist in one39。s errors/asking insulting questions hold one to 的意思是“抓住不放”，用于beliefs, ideas, principles時(shí)表示“堅(jiān)持信仰”，即使他人影響或情況使人產(chǎn)生懷疑，也不改變或放棄，如： hold on to one39。s views stick to 的意思是“粘住，不離”；和choice, decision, principle, belief 等詞連用時(shí)，也有“不變，不放棄”，“堅(jiān)持”的意思。keep to 有“不離”，“不違背”，“遵守”的意思，如： keep to the main road keep to prearranged plan keep to 用于decision，belief，rules時(shí)有“堅(jiān)持”的意思。此外，“堅(jiān)持”也可譯作insist on, keep up, uphold 等。insist on 多用于意見(jiàn)，主張，表示“硬要”，“堅(jiān)決要求”，如： we insist on an interview before we accept any ma insisted on her insisted on going up 的意思是“繼續(xù)”，如：keep up one39。s studies/piano practice/the attack/the good work uphold 的意思 是“支持”，贊同“，可和law, principle, system, practice連用，表示“堅(jiān)持”?！拔覀凕h堅(jiān)持辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義的世界觀”可譯作our party upholds dialectical materialism and historical materialism as its world 1.“達(dá)到”怎么譯？“達(dá)到”可用reach或amount to，但amount to 表示幾個(gè)部分相加后得到的總和，和add up to，total，number的意思一樣。operation有“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”，“操作”，“工作”等意思，因此工廠“投入生產(chǎn)”，鐵路“開(kāi)始通車”，公司“開(kāi)始營(yíng)業(yè)”等都可能go into/step into/begin operation(s)，如：the factory went into operation “經(jīng)營(yíng)”的意思，“經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)制”是operation mechanism，“經(jīng)營(yíng)自主”是autonomy in operation.“擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)/經(jīng)營(yíng)”可用expand operation 表達(dá)，如：The enterprise expanded its operation into an iron and steel capacity表示最大生產(chǎn)量，容量或運(yùn)載量，如： annual production capacity freighters with a total capacity of 100，000 tons capacity 也表示人的“能力”，“才干”，“本領(lǐng)”，如：not working to capacity意思是“本領(lǐng)沒(méi)有使出來(lái)”，“才干沒(méi)有完全發(fā)揮”。、近義詞辨析：1）factory, plant, works, mill, plex等： factory, plant, works, mill 泛指一般工廠，如 food factory, tractor factory plant 多指電器業(yè)或機(jī)械制造業(yè)，一般用于以下工廠：water power plant, machinebuilding plant, chemical plant。works 多用于鋼鐵等重工業(yè)，如 iron and steel works, gas works, cement works。mill 原意是“磨坊”，現(xiàn)泛指“工廠”，多用于輕工業(yè)，尤其是紡織工業(yè)，如： cotton/textile/silk/woolen mill, lumber/saw mill, steel mill, heavy steel rolling mill plex 指“聯(lián)合企業(yè)”，如 chemical plex, iron and steel plex, building plex。在現(xiàn)代報(bào)刊中，以上用法大都依照習(xí)慣，有時(shí)沒(méi)有明確界限或區(qū)別。值得注意的是有些詞專指特殊的工廠，如smeltery 冶煉廠、foundry 鑄造廠、tannery制革廠。2)equipment, facility: equipment 和 facility 都可譯作“設(shè)備”，“器材”，但equipment 是不可熟名詞，指用于某一特殊目的的東西，供給品，裝備等。如： a pleter of equipment an important piece of equipment basic kitchen equipment stereo equipment facility 是可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。facilities指為一特殊活動(dòng)或目的所提供的種種便利，包括設(shè)備、建筑物和服務(wù)等等。如： production facilities facilities for study facilities for travel sports facilities 2008年，奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在北京舉行。作為中國(guó)人，我們都想對(duì)奧運(yùn)會(huì)有一個(gè)更全面的了解，尤其是怎么用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，我想通過(guò)一些常用的術(shù)語(yǔ)以及句子來(lái)增強(qiáng)對(duì)它的了解。首先，我們來(lái)了解常用的術(shù)語(yǔ)： 奧運(yùn)會(huì)Olympic Games 奧運(yùn)會(huì)選拔賽Olympic trial 國(guó)際奧委會(huì)International Olympic Committee 奧運(yùn)會(huì)會(huì)歌Olympic Anthem 奧運(yùn)火炬Olympic torch 奧運(yùn)會(huì)代表團(tuán)Olympic delegation 奧運(yùn)村Olympic village 組委會(huì)organization mittee 開(kāi)幕式opening ceremony 閉幕式closing ceremony 吉祥物mascot 頒獎(jiǎng)臺(tái)podium 其次，我們通過(guò)一些句子來(lái)增強(qiáng)對(duì)奧運(yùn)會(huì)的了解。The international Olympic Committee constituted itself on 23rd June 。The Olympic symbol, the five interlocking rings, represents the union of the five continents and the meeting of the athletes of the world at the Olympic ，它代表著五大洲的團(tuán)結(jié)和全世界運(yùn)動(dòng)員在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上相聚一堂。The official languages of the IOC are French and 。The Olympic flame is a symbol reminiscent of the ancient Olympic 。The Olympic Games consist of the Games of the Olympiad and the Olympic Winter take place every four ，它們都是每四年舉辦一次。The Olympic Games shall be proclaimed open by the Head of State of the host 。The delegation parade in alphabetical order according to the language of the host country, except for Greece, which leads the parade, and for the host country which brings up the 。希臘和東道國(guó)例外，希 臘代表團(tuán)第