【正文】
y creating and disseminating critical we increasingly understand how to bring the elements of knowledgecreation together by crossing intellectual and disciplinary boundaries just as we cross international speak often of “one university,” for it is clear that we work most effectively when we unite Harvard’s unparalleled strengths across its schools and fields — and do so at every stage of the educational process, from College freshmen through our most acplished senior faculty new Harvard Global Health Institute is a case in point, engaging more than 250 faculty from across the university in addressing issues that range from postearthquake response in Haiti and Chile to reducing cardiovascular disease in the developing have established an undergraduate secondary field in Global Health, and over 1,000 College students are involved in courses, internships and related , the Harvard Center for the Environment draws on graduate and undergraduate students and more than a hundred faculty, in law, engineering, history, earth sciences, medicine, health policy and business — to look prehensively at problems like carbon capture and sequestration, or the implications of the Gulf oil spill for structures of environmental brings us finally to innovation, a third powerful force in higher education — and in the wider world in which higher education plays such an important and faculty working together in new ways and across disciplines, are developing wondrous things — from inhalable chocolate to inhalable tuberculosis undergraduates have invented a soccer ball that can generate enough power to light villages。Business School students are launching more and more startups。Medical School experiments have reversed the signs of aging — in mice at Dean of our School of Education has been named one of the region’s foremost innovators for inventing a new degree, a doctorate in educational leadership — the .— whose graduates, trained by faculty from the Business, Kennedy and Education schools, will be ready to lead change in America’s ideas and new ways of enabling those ideas to reach a wider is the essence of what we are we as an institution have some new ideas about how we do our own work as have innovated after 350 years with governance, expanding and enhancing the are innovating(after almost as long)with the organization of our libraries — at the heart of how we learn and are in the second successful year of a new undergraduate created a new School of Engineering and Applied are exploring new ways of teaching, with new technologies and new are integrating the arts into our teaching across fields, recognizing that the act of “making” — whether in the arts or, perhaps, engineering — is an essential part of creative the fall we will open a new Innovation Lab, to foster teambased invention that connects students across disciplines and with local every generation believes that it lives in special times and perhaps every cohort of graduates is told just that at ceremonies like both the depth of the challenges we face and the power of knowledge — and thus of universitiesto address them is must embrace this responsibility, for it is accountable to you, its alumni, and to the wider are among humanity’s greatest innovations and among humanity’s greatest universities we find a better future, where our graduates and their children and the greater global munity may lead lives of peace, prosperity and purpose in the centuries to you very Gilpin Faust第三篇:哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮演講哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮演講朱棣文尊敬的Faust校長(zhǎng),哈佛集團(tuán)的各位成員,監(jiān)管理事會(huì)的各位理事,各位老師,各位家長(zhǎng),各位朋友,以及最重要的各位畢業(yè)生同學(xué):感謝你們,讓我有機(jī)會(huì)同你們一起分享這個(gè)美妙的日子。我不太肯定,自己夠得上哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮演講人這樣的殊榮。去年登上這個(gè)講臺(tái)的是,她最早是一個(gè)古典文學(xué)的學(xué)生。前年站在這里的是比爾?蓋茨先生,他是一個(gè)超級(jí)富翁、一個(gè)慈善家和電腦天才。今年很遺憾,你們的演講人是我,雖然我不是很有錢,但是至少我是一個(gè)書呆子。我很感激哈佛大學(xué)給我榮譽(yù)學(xué)位,這對(duì)我很重要,也許比你們會(huì)想到的還要重要。要知道,在學(xué)術(shù)上,我是我們家的異類。我的哥哥在麻省理工學(xué)院得到醫(yī)學(xué)博士,在哈佛大學(xué)得到哲學(xué)博士;我的弟弟在哈佛大學(xué)得到一個(gè)法律學(xué)位。我本人得到諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的時(shí)候,我想我的媽媽會(huì)高興。但是,我錯(cuò)了。消息公布的那天早上,我給她打電話,她聽了只說:?這是好消息,不過我想知道,你下次什么時(shí)候來看我??如今在我們兄弟當(dāng)中,我最終也拿到了哈佛學(xué)位,我想這一次,她會(huì)感到滿意。在哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上發(fā)表演說,還有一個(gè)難處,那就是你們中有些人可能有意見,不喜歡我重復(fù)前人演講中說過的話。我要求你們諒解我,因?yàn)閮蓚€(gè)理由。首先,為了產(chǎn)生影響力,很重要的方法就是重復(fù)傳遞同樣的信息。在科學(xué)中,第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)者是重要的,但是在得到公認(rèn)前,最后一個(gè)做出這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)的人也許更重要。其次,一個(gè)借鑒他人的作者,正走在一條前人開辟的最佳道路上。哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)生、詩(shī)人愛默生曾經(jīng)寫下:?我最好的一些思想,都是從古人那里偷來的。?畫家畢加索宣稱?優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家借鑒,偉大的藝術(shù)家偷竊。?那么為什么畢業(yè)典禮的演說者,就不適用同樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)呢?我還要指出一點(diǎn),向哈佛畢業(yè)生發(fā)表演說,對(duì)我來說是有諷刺意味的,因?yàn)槿绻?dāng)年我斗膽向哈佛大學(xué)遞交入學(xué)申請(qǐng),一定會(huì)被拒絕。我的妻子Jean當(dāng)過斯坦福大學(xué)的招生主任,她向我保證,如果當(dāng)年我申請(qǐng)斯坦福大學(xué),她會(huì)拒絕我。我把這篇演講的草稿給她過目,她強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)我使用?拒絕?這個(gè)詞,她從來不拒絕任何申請(qǐng)者。在拒絕信中,她總是寫:?我們無法提供你入學(xué)機(jī)會(huì)。?我分不清兩者到底有何差別。不過,那些大熱門學(xué)校的招生主任總是很現(xiàn)實(shí)的,堪稱?拒絕他人的主任?。很顯然,我需要好好學(xué)學(xué)怎么來推銷自己。畢業(yè)典禮演講都遵循古典奏鳴曲的結(jié)構(gòu),我的演講也不例外。剛才是第一樂章——輕快的閑談。接下來的第二樂章是送上門的忠告。這樣的忠告很少有價(jià)值,幾乎注定被忘記,永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被實(shí)踐。但是,就像王爾德說的:?對(duì)于忠告,你所能做的,就是把它送給別人,因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)你沒有任何用處。?所以,下面就是我的忠告。第一,取得成就的時(shí)候,不要忘記前人。要感謝你的父母和支持你的朋友,要感謝那些啟發(fā)過你的教授,尤其要感謝那些上不好課的教授,因?yàn)樗麄兤仁鼓阕詫W(xué)。從整體看,自學(xué)能力是優(yōu)秀的文科教育中必不可少的,將成為你成功的關(guān)鍵。你還要去擁抱你的同學(xué),感謝他們同你進(jìn)行過的許多次徹夜長(zhǎng)談,這為你的教育帶來了無法衡量的價(jià)值。當(dāng)然,你還要感謝哈佛大學(xué)。不過即使你忘了這一點(diǎn),校友會(huì)也會(huì)來提醒你。第二,在你們未來的人生中,做一個(gè)慷慨大方的人。在任何談判中,都把最后一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)利益留給對(duì)方。不要把桌上的錢都拿走。在合作中,不要把榮譽(yù)留給自己。成功合作的任何一方,都應(yīng)獲得全部榮譽(yù)的90%。電影《Harvey》中,Jimmy Stewart扮演的角色Elwood ,就完全理解這一點(diǎn)。他說:?多年前,母親曾經(jīng)對(duì)我說,‘Elwood,活在這個(gè)世界上,你要么做一個(gè)聰明人,要么做一個(gè)好人。’?我做聰明人,已經(jīng)做了好多年了?!?,我推薦你們做好人。你們可以引用我這句話。我的第三個(gè)忠告是,當(dāng)你開始生活的新階段時(shí),請(qǐng)跟隨你的愛好。如果你沒有愛好,就去找,找不到就不罷休。生命太短暫,所以不能空手走過,你必須對(duì)某樣?xùn)|西傾注你的深情。我在你們這個(gè)年齡,是超級(jí)的一根筋,我的目標(biāo)就是非成為物理學(xué)家不可。本科畢業(yè)后,我在加州大學(xué)伯克利分校又待了8年,讀完了研究生,做完了博士后,然后去貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室待了9年。在這些年中,我關(guān)注的中心和職業(yè)上的全部樂趣,都來自物理學(xué)。我還有最后一個(gè)忠告,就是說興趣愛好固然重要,但是你不應(yīng)該只考慮興趣愛好。當(dāng)你白發(fā)蒼蒼、垂垂老矣、回首人生時(shí),你需要為自己做過的事感到自豪。物質(zhì)生活和你實(shí)現(xiàn)的占有欲,都不會(huì)產(chǎn)生自豪。只有那些受你影響、被你改變過的人和事,才會(huì)讓你產(chǎn)生自豪。在貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室待了9年后,我決定離開這個(gè)溫暖舒適的象牙塔,走進(jìn)我眼中的?真實(shí)世界?——大學(xué)。我對(duì)貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室的看法,可以引用Mary Poppins的話,?實(shí)際上十全十美?。但是,我想離開那種僅僅是科學(xué)論文的生活。我要去教書,培育我自己在科學(xué)上的后代。我在斯坦福大學(xué)有一個(gè)好友兼杰出同事Ted Geballe。他也是從伯克利分校去了貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室,幾年前又離開貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室去了斯坦福大學(xué)。他對(duì)我們的動(dòng)機(jī)做出了最佳描述: ?在大學(xué)工作,最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)就是學(xué)生。他們生機(jī)勃勃,充滿熱情,思想自由,還沒被生活的重壓改變。雖然他們自己沒有意識(shí)到,但是他們是這個(gè)社會(huì)中你能找到的最佳受眾。如果生命中只有一段時(shí)間是思想自由和充滿創(chuàng)造力,那么那段時(shí)間就是你在讀大學(xué)。進(jìn)校時(shí),學(xué)生們對(duì)課本上的一字一句毫不懷疑,漸漸地,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)課本和教授并不是無所不知的,于是他們開始獨(dú)立思考。從那時(shí)起,就是我開始向他們學(xué)習(xí)了。?我教過的學(xué)生、帶過的博士后、合作過的年輕同事,都非常優(yōu)秀。他們中有30多人,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是教授了。他們所在的研究機(jī)構(gòu)有不少是全世界第一流的,其中就包括哈佛大學(xué)。我從他們身上學(xué)到了很多東西。即使現(xiàn)在,我偶爾還會(huì)周末上網(wǎng),向現(xiàn)在還從事生物物理學(xué)研究的學(xué)生請(qǐng)教。我懷著回報(bào)社會(huì)的想法,開始了教學(xué)生涯。我的一生中,得到的多于我付出的,所以我要回報(bào)社會(huì)。這就引出了這次演講的最后一個(gè)樂章。首先我要講一個(gè)了不起的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn),以及由此帶來的新挑戰(zhàn)。它是一個(gè)戰(zhàn)斗的號(hào)令,到了做出改變的時(shí)候了。過去幾十年