【正文】 esn‘t think their explanation is satisfactory Orky was the most intelligent animal she had worked is a female whale because she is Orky‘s mate and delivered a baby she thought the orange must have rolled off somewhere hid his orange underneath his act reveals some animals are intelligent enough to know how to Organization Linden wants to tell the reader that animals do have, at least, some limited intelligence, and the personal experiences of those who are in close contact with animals are more convincing evidence than that any experiments can ‘s Make a Deal: Some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with of a Whale: Animals like whales can assess a situation and act Shell Game: Animals can attempt to Sense Enhancement1.(1)controversy(2)consciousness(3)explore(4)serves their own purposes(5)encounter(6)lack of it(7)convinced(8)mental feats(9)captivity(10)humansLanguage Focus)go(very)far 2)has expanded 3)in the interest(s)of 4)only to5)encountered 6)has cooperated 7)assessed 8)(had)switched9)horizons 10)gaze 11)disaster 12)wiped out)… a long/long running controversy over whether the book should be published or not2)… felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly3)...suddenly went wrong with my puter when I was in the middle of writing the essay4)… is obvious that our pany is still maintaining its position as market leader in )… give in until they give her a pay rise)have undertaken, original, to explore2)evidence convinced, underneath, extending to3)to negotiate, encounter, to figure out, explore Words , first first first intelligence whose keeper where contact through what supply of what whale what kind whale how old member of what turtle what kind/whereComprehensive Exercises1.(1)emergency(2)evidence(3)original(4)sizing up(5)negotiates(6)reveal(7)make a deal(8)dominant(9)in their interest(s)(10)deceiving(11)controversy(12)judgment(13)explore2.(1)protect(2)However(3)type(4)situation(5)sights(6)together(7)rang(8)associate(9)without(10)environment)A local business undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was )Let‘s make a deal—you wash my car, and I‘ll let you use it )We got to the village which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake, only to find it slightly )My garden is dry and shady—few plants thrive in that condition5)Mystery still surrounds the exact truth behind the film star‘s death/exact circumstance of the film star‘s I was young I used to visit the zoo in my what attracted me most was a couple of tigers, especially the were dept in a huge iron cage at first, but later were released from it and moved to a place called Tiger years later I revisited the zoo and was relieved to find Tiger Hill was still there, but greatly around now were six tigers, old and young, instead of two!unit8關(guān)于懶散少年的寓言故事——本杰明斯坦去年一個(gè)秋日，我文件夾用完了，便去雜貨店買。我拿了一大把文件夾擱在柜臺(tái)上，問一個(gè)十幾歲的售貨員多少錢。―不知道，‖她回答說，―反正單價(jià)12美分?！覕?shù)了數(shù)文件夾。―二十三個(gè)，單價(jià)12美分，不含稅，‖我說。―你心算的？‖她驚奇地問道，―你怎么會(huì)算出來的？‖―靠魔力，‖ 我說。―真的？‖ 她問。略受教育的成年人沒有誰不會(huì)為這樣的經(jīng)歷難過。雖然我們的孩子似乎比以往任何時(shí)候都要溫厚和氣，他們卻如此無知——對(duì)自己的無知狀況也如此無知——以至使我感到可怕。在我最近任教的一所私立大學(xué)，一個(gè)六十人的四年級(jí)班上，沒有一個(gè)學(xué)生寫短文時(shí)不犯拼寫錯(cuò)誤。沒有一個(gè)學(xué)生例外。但這只是問題的一小部分。在我所見過的許多學(xué)生中，再也沒有過去學(xué)生都有的哪怕是進(jìn)行最簡單的計(jì)算的能力，他們對(duì)世界歷史和地理都一無所知。更有甚者，他們對(duì)這種種的無知卻毫不在乎，實(shí)在令人不寒而栗。一位朋友的聰明但卻很懶散的十六歲兒子在解釋他為什么不想上加州洛杉磯分校時(shí)說的話是對(duì)這種態(tài)度的高度概括。―我不想去那兒跟亞洲人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，‖他說，―他們用功，什么都知道。‖其實(shí)，無論他是否愿意，這位年輕人都將不得不去跟亞洲人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。他不能永遠(yuǎn)躺在先輩積累的經(jīng)濟(jì)、物質(zhì)與人力資本上。用不了多久，他懶于用腦的結(jié)果將嚴(yán)重影響他的生活方式，也將影響我們其他所有的人。一個(gè)現(xiàn)代工業(yè)化國家無法靠一支懶散、無知的勞動(dòng)大軍運(yùn)行。飛機(jī)會(huì)墜落。計(jì)算機(jī)會(huì)出故障。汽車會(huì)拋錨。為使這樣的美國青年徹底認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，我的愚見是：拍一部電影，或電視連續(xù)劇，生動(dòng)地描述我們國家的今天如何來之不易——而要喪失這一切又何其容易。下面我奉獻(xiàn)一篇寓言故事。故事開始時(shí)，我們的主人公凱文漢利1990，一名十七歲的高三學(xué)生，正坐在自己房間里，心情痛苦。他父母一定要他準(zhǔn)備歐洲史考試。而他則想去買一副激光唱片隨身聽的耳機(jī)。他被迫要讀的書——《各國的財(cái)富》——讓他打瞌睡。凱文進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)，時(shí)值1835年，他是他本人的曾太祖父，十七歲，是愛爾蘭克雷郡的一個(gè)農(nóng)民。他住在小小的陋室里，睡在一頭豬旁。他老是挨餓，總是要找吃的。他最大的心愿是學(xué)會(huì)讀書寫字，以便找一個(gè)職員的工作。有了固定的工資，他就能養(yǎng)活自己，貼補(bǔ)家用。但漢利的貧窮使他無從享受上學(xué)這樣的奢侈。沒有教育，沒有錢，他無能為力。他惟一的希望寄托在孩子身上。如果他們能接受教育，他們就會(huì)生活得好一些。我們的寓言故事快速展開。現(xiàn)在凱文漢利1990成了他自己的曾祖父，凱文漢利1928。他也是十七歲，在匹茲堡一家鋼鐵廠工作。他的父親從愛爾蘭來到美國，參加過紐約地鐵的修建。凱文漢利1928比自己的父親和祖父境遇好多了。他能讀書寫字。他的工資比先輩在愛爾蘭時(shí)的收入高多了。接下來凱文漢利1990夢(mèng)見自己成了他自己的祖父凱文漢利1945。他正在硫黃島與死敵日本軍隊(duì)作戰(zhàn)。他總是又熱又餓又害怕。一天晚上他在散兵坑里與一個(gè)朋友講自己為什么在那兒作戰(zhàn)：―這樣我的兒子、孫子就能生活在和平安全的環(huán)境里。等我回國了，我要勤奮工作，讓兒子上大學(xué)，這樣他就可以干腦力活兒，而不是靠賣苦力生活。‖接著凱文漢利1990成了他自己的父親凱文漢利1966。他終日用功，這樣就可以上大學(xué)，進(jìn)法學(xué)院。他住在漂亮的房子里。他一生在和平環(huán)境中過著富裕的生活。他對(duì)女朋友說，等他有了兒子，他不會(huì)像他父親逼他那樣逼自己的兒子整天讀書。就在這時(shí)，凱文漢利1990被自己的夢(mèng)驚醒了。他離開了愛爾蘭，離開了那家鋼鐵廠，離開了硫黃島，不由松了口氣。他又睡著了。他接著做夢(mèng)，這次成了他自己的兒子凱文漢利2020。槍聲日夜不停。他那整個(gè)一代人忘卻了過去為什么要有法律，因此現(xiàn)在沒有法律了。人們絲毫不關(guān)心政治，政府不為工人階級(jí)提供服務(wù)。凱文2020的父親，自然就是凱文1990本人，在日本人開的一家工廠當(dāng)清潔工。凱文2020在一家專為有錢的歐洲人和亞洲人開的酒店里當(dāng)行李工。公共教育到六年級(jí)為止。美國人早就不再要求自己的孩子接受良好的教育。凱文1990最后夢(mèng)見的是他自己的孫子。凱文2050沒有有用的技能。日本制造的機(jī)器包攬了所有復(fù)雜的工作，沒有什么體力活可做。沒有受過教育，沒有受過訓(xùn)練，他掙不到足夠的錢養(yǎng)活自己。他住在貧民窟，沒有暖氣，沒有衛(wèi)生設(shè)備，無法不受四鄰干擾，靠搜撿破爛度日?？傊纳罹拖駝P文漢利1835在愛爾蘭時(shí)一模一樣?？墒怯幸惶欤瑒P文漢利2050與一位研究美國衰亡史的來訪日本人類學(xué)家交上了朋友。那人跟凱文解釋說，如果一個(gè)人沒有錢，教育能提供積累金融資本所必需的人力資本。勤奮、教育、節(jié)儉、紀(jì)律能成就一切。―我們就是這樣從一百多年前你們打敗我們的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)廢墟中站起來的?！D美國在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中打敗日本？‖凱文2050問道。他驚訝之極。這聽起來就像說巴西在1990年打敗美國一樣不可思議。凱文2050發(fā)誓，如果他有孩子的話，他一定要讓他們工作、上學(xué)、學(xué)習(xí)并約束自己。―能憑自己的腦力，而不是靠偷竊為生，‖他說，―那將會(huì)是個(gè)奇跡?！瑒P文1990醒了過來，身旁放著他的那本《各國的財(cái)富》。他打開書，跳入眼簾的第一句話就是：―一個(gè)不能恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用人類智力的人極可能比懦夫更可鄙?！瑒P文的父親走了進(jìn)來。―好了，兒子，‖ 他說，―咱們?nèi)タ炊鷻C(jī)吧?！D抱歉了，爸爸，‖凱文1990說，―我得看書學(xué)習(xí)了?！琍air work was amazed at the author‘s ability to do mental can‘t spell correctly。their knowledge of word history and geography is nonexistent didn‘t want to pete with the hardworking Asians at preferred a less intellectually challenging modern industrial state cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor use the media to dramatize and drive home the message to today‘s is fed up with the book he is forced to can‘t read or place their hopes on their works as a cleaner in a factory owned by the he has no education, no useful skill, and no stop demanding good education foe do all the plex work and there is little manual work to be is poorer than Japan and European work education, saving and discipline help a nation rise from the finally es to realize the importance of on your own one Teenagers‘ idleness and ignorance will produc