【導(dǎo)讀】是他最為有影響力的一部巨著。該小說主要講述了一個美麗純真的少女失身。苔絲悲慘的命運(yùn)是那個環(huán)境所造成的，是一個時代思想，傳。統(tǒng)，秩序的局限所造成的結(jié)果。除此之外,這與她自身性格的弱點(diǎn)也是分不。開的，因?yàn)樗龑γ\(yùn)有著反抗的一面也有妥協(xié)的一面。所以，作為普通人的。一樣，被淪為社會的犧牲品。首先，本文對托馬斯?哈代及其作品進(jìn)行了簡要的介紹。然后，本文對國內(nèi)外有關(guān)《德伯家的苔絲》中的研究進(jìn)行了簡要論述。部分可作為下一部分探討苔絲悲劇命運(yùn)的必然性的鋪墊。最后，本文將集中。論述引發(fā)女主人公—苔絲悲劇命運(yùn)的幾個原因。以上的分析引出了本文的結(jié)。本文的目的在于使讀者加深對本篇小說及其主題的理解。

　　

【正文】 e. The relationship between lovers should be equal, but Tess constantly disparages herself and raises Clare. At the beginning of love “she loves he extremely, she looks he as the god.”(Thomas Hard, 261) “To her sublime trustfulness he was all that goodness could be knew all that a guide, philosopher, and friend should know. She thought every line in the contour of his person the perfection of masculine beauty, his soul the soul of a saint, his intellect that of a seer……The passion of his love for her, as she saw it, made her lift up her heart to him in devotion.”(Thomas Hardy, 276) This is a love which how strong is blazing actually acts sterilely. In front of love, Tess has lost herself, has lost the dignity. Just this kind of blind, unequal love make Tess dropped the happy right as a wife, deepened her tragedy. Tess write a confession letter to Clare before married, and then tell her “crime”, but Clare is the traditional morals defender of traditional moral principles, his “new mind” demand Tess gives fiveness and tolerant for his profligate behavior in the past, Tess has done, but the tragic past of Tess, actually cannot obtain Clare repays like the intolerance. Tess has not done revolts slightly face Clare heartless abandonment. Oppositely, she said:” I certainly like a low pitiful slave of yours, absolute obeys you, if you ask me not to be able to fall to the ground, suicide killed, and I do not violate you.” (Tomas Hardy, 352) Clare cruelheartedly leaves。 Tess never reduces her love to Clare. A passionate letter actually cannot call Clare39。s icecold heart. In the end, when Clare finally came to tell her that he had fiven her and he still loved her. Tess was bitterly unhappy. She now hated Alec because once again he had been the cause of her husband’s repudiation of her. CONCLUSIION Tess is a sacrifice of the time, under the despotic force of the fate, she loses her virtue for her pure and innocent and bees a vicious woman。 she misses her happiness for her kindness and pureheartedness and bees a deserted wife. Even more, her insistence of the true love leads her to a Nemesis and a prisoner finally. The tragic befall is involved with her tragic fate. Through studying the representative work Tess of the D’Urbervilles, we will be able to have a better appreciation of the great achievements of Thomas Hardy. A lot of reflection was left by Hardy through his creation of Tess’s tragedy. Tess was a strong woman throughout the novel. She stood up for herself and refused to crumble under pressure. It is true Tess should deserve respect because of enduring a great deal of pain. Yet, for her tragedy, it is not proper to blame solely on the unequal society that Tess lived in. It seemed that if there were no unexpected happenings, she might have a happy life。 maybe she would finish her life peacefully. But in fact, just as we infer from our previous discussion, it is the times she lived in and the weakness of her nature put her in such a poor situation. Cruel Alec and his peers are the direct reason for her death, but it is Angel who killed her indirectly but more cruelly. Facing such a serious situation, the weakness of her character became the acplice. The tragic fate is not only that of Tess herself, but also the tragedy of the times she lived in. Bibliography ［ 1］ Thomas Hardy. Tess of the D’Urbervilles［ M］ .Beijing: Central Compilation amp。 Translation Press,2021. [2] Albert Century Interpretations of the D’Urbervilles[M].London:Oxford University Press,1969 [3] Tony and Movement in Tess of the D’Urbervilles[M]London:Macmillan Publishing Corporation,1975 [4] Chenxia. Analysis of the Tragic Mood in “Tess of the D’Urbervilles” ［ J ］ .Journal of Renmin University of China (social societies), 1998(2):100102 ［ 5］ Huangjing. On the causes of the tragedy of Tess［ J］ . Journal of Northwest Minorities University (social science), 2021, (3):9598 ［ 6］ Li Jian, Yuanjing. The Reasons of the Tragedy of Tess［ J］ . Journal of Daqing Teachers’ College, 2021, (2):6566 ［ 7］ Liu Yafei. Doomed from the start 2,20210325 ［ 8］ Wang on the Tragedy of Tessa［ J］ .Journal of Chengde Vocational College, 2021(4)： 2627 ［ 9］ Zhang Xiaodong. Talk about tongue silk tragic certainty and meaning［ J］ . Journal of Chaohu College, 2021, (6):7477 [ 10] Arnold Kettle An Introduction to the English Novel (2021) [11]楊筱玲，評《德伯家的苔絲》的悲劇因素，《時代文學(xué)》第 12 期，12 頁， 2021 [12]王琪，淺析《德伯家的苔絲》中苔絲悲劇的原因，《中國校外教育》第 2 期， 4748 頁， 2021 [13]郭琳，試論“苔絲”悲劇的成因，《考試周刊》，第 48 期， 3940頁， 2021 [14]彭雪梅，張美蘭，試 析苔絲悲劇命運(yùn)的產(chǎn)生原因，《作家雜志》，第 1 期， 5051 頁， 2021 [15]張世君，《 德伯家的苔絲 鑒賞》 ,重慶出版社 , 1986. ［ 16］陳燾宇編選：《哈代創(chuàng)作論集》，北京， 中國 社會 科學(xué) 出版社， 1982. ［ 7］張中載，《托馬斯哈代 ―― 思想和創(chuàng)作》， 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社 ，1987. ［ 8］霍恩比著 .李北達(dá)譯：《牛津高階漢英雙解詞典》，北京：商務(wù)出版社，2021. ［ 10］蘇聯(lián)科學(xué)院高爾基世界文學(xué)研究所編 . 英國文學(xué)史 18701955. 北京：人民文學(xué)出版社 . 1983. ［ 11］歐美古典作家論現(xiàn)實(shí)主義和浪漫主義 . 中國社會科學(xué)出版社 . 1980 年 . ［ 12］秦玲 . 苔絲悲劇的形成原因 . 南陽師范學(xué)院 . 2021. ［ 13］姚佩芝，董俊峰 .《德伯家的苔絲》 ——哈代綜合悲劇觀的完美體現(xiàn) . 湖南師范大學(xué)社會科學(xué)學(xué)報 . 2021. ［ 14］楊周翰、吳達(dá)之、趙蘿蕤，《歐洲文學(xué)史》，人民文學(xué)出版社， 1979年 10 月 . [4] Scott McEathron .Thomas Hardy39。s Tess of the d39。Urbervilles: a : ［ 1］ Chen Jia. 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