【正文】 of that agency s most successful missions since the Apollo moonshots in the 1960s and has produced a string of scientific achievements: confirmingthat most galaxies have a black hole in the middle。providing a frontrow seat for thecollision, in 1994, of a et with the planet Jupiter。and helping to uncover the strangefact that the expansion of the universe seems to be beyond the science,it has also been a publicrelations beautiful images have introduced a generation tothe wonders of 。它已成為美國(guó)航空局自20世紀(jì)70年代阿波羅號(hào)發(fā)射后最重大的成就之一。它也產(chǎn)生了一系列科學(xué)成果：證實(shí)了大多數(shù)星系中間都有一個(gè)黑洞。為1994年彗星和木星碰撞的觀測(cè)提供最清晰的視角。有助于發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙趨于加速膨脹的奇特現(xiàn)象。在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域之外，它也同樣是一個(gè)公眾討論的熱點(diǎn)。哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡所提供的美妙圖片已經(jīng)將一代又一代人引入天文學(xué)奇觀中去。So in 2002, when the agency considered plans for a successor that would study the universein infrared, rather than visible light, would be ready to fly in 2010 and would cost just $, saying yes was years later, NASA is regretting that JamesWebb space telescope , as the new machine is called, is still in the workshop, and itslaunch date has been set back cost hasgone up to $ billion, a figure that, if history is any guide, could rise still be embarrassing at the best of times, but with publicspending cuts looming andNASA s budget flat for the foreseeable future, it is causing real ，代理機(jī)構(gòu)考慮一個(gè)將用紅外線代替可見光研究宇宙的繼任者的計(jì)劃。這個(gè)繼任者計(jì)劃在2010年起飛，而且只花25億美元，因此當(dāng)時(shí)很容易就通過(guò)了。但是9年以后，NASA真的很后悔當(dāng)初的決定。這臺(tái)名為JWST的新機(jī)器仍然還在工作間，并且它的發(fā)射日期一再被推演，按照以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)推測(cè)，這筆預(yù)算還會(huì)繼續(xù)增加。在這最佳時(shí)期將會(huì)是尷尬的。但是隨著公共花費(fèi)削減正隱隱約約呈現(xiàn)并且對(duì)NASA未來(lái)的預(yù)期并不景氣，它正造成真的擔(dān)憂。In July, irritated by the JWST s rising costs, the House of Representatives tried to cut $ from NASA s budget for next year, in an attempt to have the project 1st, after lobbying from the telescope s defenders , the Senate passed a bill that restored the telescope s ，受到JWST不斷上升的花費(fèi)的影響，美國(guó)眾議院試圖從NASA下半年的預(yù)算中減少19億美元，讓這個(gè)項(xiàng)目取消。在9月1日，在望遠(yuǎn)鏡保護(hù)人的游說(shuō)下，眾議院通過(guò)了恢復(fù)望遠(yuǎn)鏡基金的議案。But it is not just politicians that are have long worried that theballooning costs of the telescope would affect NASA s other science , thespace agency will say only that other missions will be delayed, but there are fears that somecould be cut potential sacrifice is WFIRST, an infrared space telescopeintended for launch in is designed to probe the nature of dark energy , which 可銳教育官網(wǎng)isthought to be responsible for the quickening expansion of the universe that Hubble helpedbring to the world s string of other, smaller projects could suffer as ，天文學(xué)家也一直擔(dān)心不斷增加德望遠(yuǎn)鏡開支會(huì)影響美國(guó)航空航天局其他科研項(xiàng)目。盡管航天局發(fā)布消息說(shuō)其他項(xiàng)目將僅僅被推遲，但是仍然存在一些項(xiàng)目被完全終止的可怕結(jié)果。其中最有可能被犧牲的項(xiàng)目是計(jì)劃在2020年推出的紅外線太紅望遠(yuǎn)鏡。該望遠(yuǎn)鏡為了探究宇宙 暗能量 的本質(zhì)而設(shè)計(jì)，而 暗能量 被認(rèn)為是加快宇宙膨脹的主要原因。哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡在探究 暗能量 中的作用引起了世界的關(guān)注。接下來(lái)一系列的其他小項(xiàng)目也將遇到相同的困境。The telescope s advocates say junking it now would be a false of the hardwarehas already been built, so cancelling it, they argue, would mean throwing all that play on fears that America is in danger of losing its preeminence in highbudget bigscience , following the closure earlier this year of the Illinoisbased Tevatron, the secondmostpowerful particle accelerator in the 。大多數(shù)的硬件已經(jīng)開發(fā)完成，因此，他們認(rèn)為取消他它將意味著前功盡棄。隨著今年早些時(shí)候，世界上第二給力的粒子加速器，伊利諾斯州的一萬(wàn)億電子伏加速器的關(guān)閉，他們擔(dān)憂美國(guó)正面臨著失去它在以高預(yù)算為支撐的尖端科技領(lǐng)域領(lǐng)先地位的威脅。The JWST, if it does eventually fly, would surely do some spectacular size ofits mirror25 square metres, as against Hubble s —and the location of its orbit far from thereflected light of Earth will allow it to study some of the earliest events in the universe, including the formation of the first will also help with thesearch for extrasolar ，將要成為科學(xué)界的壯舉。它的反射鏡有25平米————而且它的運(yùn)行軌道離地球的反射光更遠(yuǎn)，可以讓人們看清早期宇宙發(fā)生的事情，包括第一個(gè)星系的形成。它也能對(duì)尋找太陽(yáng)系外的行星提供幫助。Hubble, of course, was also lateand around $2 billion over was lampooned afterits launch when a wonky mirror meant that its images were blurred almost to the point ofuselessness, and a mission by the Space Shuttle to fix the problem cost hundreds of millionsof its subsequent record, few now begrudge the all that in mind,NASA will press on with the JWST, at least for that remains for America sastronomers to do is pray that their favourite mission is not one of those delayed, or evencancelled, to keep the new telescope on ，哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡也是出現(xiàn)較晚的，并且超出預(yù)算達(dá)20億美元。在它發(fā)射之后因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)鏡片晃動(dòng)造成像模糊而被諷刺是毫無(wú)用處的，并且一個(gè)用航天飛機(jī)來(lái)完成這樣一個(gè)修理任務(wù)要花費(fèi)上億美元，但是據(jù)它隨后傳回的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)看，很少有人會(huì)吝嗇這筆錢。鑒于這一切，就目前而言，美國(guó)航空航天局會(huì)對(duì)JWST的研發(fā)施壓。對(duì)于美國(guó)航天員來(lái)說(shuō)，他們所能做的就是祈禱他們熱衷的任務(wù)沒(méi)有被拖延或者取消將來(lái)讓望遠(yuǎn)鏡走上正軌。第四篇：2018年可銳考研英語(yǔ)閱讀文章精選可銳教育官網(wǎng)2018年可銳考研英語(yǔ)閱讀文章精選（九）The view from the top, and bottom老板與員工的意見分歧Bosses think their firms are minions ，但其下屬卻不以為然。AS WALMART grew into the world s largest retailer, its staff were subjected to a long list ofdos and don ts covering every aspect of their ，其員工在工作的各方各面都受到了一大堆規(guī)則的限制。Now the firm has decided that its rulesbased culture is too inflexible to cope with thechallenges of globalisation and technological change，如今，沃爾瑪已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到其以規(guī)則為基礎(chǔ)的公司文化過(guò)于死板，無(wú)法應(yīng)對(duì)全球化和科技變革所帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。and is trying to instil a valuesbased culture, in which employees can be trusted to do theright thing because they know what the firm stands ，沃爾瑪正嘗試逐漸培養(yǎng)一種以價(jià)值觀為基礎(chǔ)的公司文化，在這種文化中，員工了解公司的主張，所以能夠得到公司的信任，去做他們認(rèn)為正確的事情。Values is the latest hot topic in management 是管理學(xué)思維最新的熱門話題。PepsiCo has started preaching a creed of performance with ： 目的性績(jī)效。Chevron, an oil firm, brands itself as a purveyor of human energy , though presumably itdoes not really want you to travel by ‘人類體能 的供應(yīng)商 的字樣，盡管它大概并非真的希望你用人力車代步。Nearly every big firm claims to be building a more caring and ethical 幾乎每一家大型企業(yè)都宣稱自身正在發(fā)展更為關(guān)懷體貼、合乎道德的企業(yè)文化。A new study suggests there is less to this than it says on the ，實(shí)際情況與商家們所標(biāo)榜的有差距。Commissioned by Dov Seidman, boss of LRN, a firm that advises on corporate culture, andauthor of How ，LRN的老板、同時(shí)也是《怎么做到的?》a book arguing that the way firms do business matters as much as what they do, andconducted by the Boston Research Group, the National Governance, Culture and LeadershipAssessment is based on a survey of thousands of American employees, from every rung ofthe corporate ?塞德曼委托波士頓研究集團(tuán)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng) 國(guó)家治理、文化和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力評(píng)估 的研究，該研究是以對(duì)來(lái)自公司各個(gè)級(jí)別的數(shù)千位美國(guó)雇員的調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)的。It found that 43% of those surveyed described their pany s culture as based onmandandcontrol, topdown man