【正文】 glish teacher.[長(zhǎng)沙市] [答案]A。[解析]考查定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句，如果修飾人，一般用關(guān)系who，有時(shí)用 that(作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用who較多)。三、考查關(guān)系副詞where、when與why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 它們相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”，其中where=in／at +which；when=at／in／during +which；why=for +which。(1)關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，其修飾的名詞必須是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。（2）關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，其修飾的名詞必須是表示時(shí)間的名詞。(3)關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，其修飾的名詞必 須是表示原因的名詞?！究祭?2009綿陽(yáng)中考)Disney is an amusement park you can find a11 the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters．A．which B．where C．thatD ．when 答案：B點(diǎn)撥：此題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為an amusement park指地點(diǎn)，故關(guān)系詞用where。五、對(duì)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的考查當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，且該介詞不是和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞可以提前，這樣就出現(xiàn)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”。先行詞指物，用“介詞+which”，指人則用“介詞+whom，且兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞均不能省略。介詞的選擇要遵循兩個(gè)原則：根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與先行詞的搭配內(nèi)容而定；根據(jù)先行詞的特殊用法而定?！究祭緿o you know the young lady ____your mother is talking?(湖北黃石) whom [答案]：C [命題立意]：本題考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。[試題解析]：先行詞為the young lady，被關(guān)系代詞whom代替在從句中作talk with 的賓語(yǔ)，介詞with 可以放在關(guān)系代詞之前，故應(yīng)選C?！菊Z(yǔ)法回顧】在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做關(guān)系代詞（that, which, who, whom, whose）或關(guān)系副詞(when, where)，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間，起聯(lián)系的作用，同時(shí)又作定語(yǔ)從句的一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系代詞、副詞作用先行詞例句that，who，whom(只做賓語(yǔ))主語(yǔ)、賓 語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)人Do you know the girl who／that is standing under a tree?你知道站在樹(shù)下的女孩是誰(shuí)嗎? that，which主語(yǔ)、賓 語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)物、時(shí) 間、地 點(diǎn)、原 因She got a puter which／that her parents bought for her． 她有一臺(tái)她的父母買(mǎi)給她的電腦。whose 定語(yǔ)人物The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard．他的爸爸是醫(yī)生的男孩學(xué)習(xí)非?？炭?。The classroom whose window is open is mine．窗戶(hù)開(kāi)著的那個(gè)教室是我的教室。when 狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間I still remember the day when you leave for Beijing．我仍然記得你去北京的那一天。where狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)This is the school where my mother works．這就是我媽媽 工作的學(xué)校。why 狀語(yǔ)原因Could you explain the reason why you were late?你能解釋一下你遲到的原因嗎?二、關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法(關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略)： 1．that指人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。This is the pen that you are looking 。(賓語(yǔ))The girl that has long hair is my 。（主語(yǔ)）2．which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。The bike which is made in Tianjin sells 。（主語(yǔ)）The fish which we bought were not 。(賓語(yǔ))3．who, whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。The boy who broke the window is called .（主語(yǔ)）The person to whom he is talking is my 。(賓語(yǔ))4．whose指人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。The girl whose bag is new is called 。(指人)He lives in a house whose widows open to the 。(指物)三、只用which不用that的情況：1．在介詞后只用which，不能用that。This is the bank in which the robbery 。2．先行詞本身是that時(shí)，只能用which，不能用that。The clock is that which tells the 。四、只用that不用which的情況：1．先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)只能用that。This is the most beautiful mountain that I have 。2．先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)只能用that。The first English novel that I read was Thirtynine 《39級(jí)臺(tái)階》。, any, no, little, much, many, the only, the very, the last等修飾詞時(shí)只能用that。Here are all the books that I 。This is the only book that I 。4．先行詞是everything, something, anything, all, none, much, little, many, few等不定代詞時(shí)，只能用that。Finally, the thief handed in everything that he had 。5．先行詞同時(shí)含有“人”和“物”的名詞時(shí)，只能用that。I can remember the people and some pictures that I saw in the 。6．先行詞是the one時(shí)，只能用that。This is the one that you 。7．在以who引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句后，為了避免重復(fù)，只能用that。Who is the girl that is standing there? 站在那邊的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)？五、在介詞后只能用whom，不能用who。The girl to whom I talked just now is from 。六、定語(yǔ)從句中主謂一致的問(wèn)題： 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與先行詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)保持一致(我們要知道，關(guān)系代詞所代指的就是先行詞，這里有一個(gè)等量關(guān)系)。Tom is one of the boys who are from the 。Tom is the only boy that is from the 。七、定語(yǔ)從句中的介詞與副詞的問(wèn)題： 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要加介詞或副詞。(定語(yǔ)從句中的不及物動(dòng)詞加介詞或副詞構(gòu)成固定的及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后，不能把介詞或副詞提前到關(guān)系代詞前。)He is the old man who/whom we looked after last 。That is the book which I am looking 。八、關(guān)系副詞when與where的使用： 1．when指時(shí)間：I will never forget the time when we worked on the 。2．where指地點(diǎn)(where=in等介詞＋which)：This is the house where(=in which)he lived last 。九、定語(yǔ)從句與作定語(yǔ)的①動(dòng)詞不定式、②介詞短語(yǔ)、③現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)、④過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換：She has much work that she must do.=She has much work to 。The man in the car is .=The man who is in the car is 。The girl watering flowers there is my sister.=The girl who is watering flowers there is my 。The boy saved in the river has e back to life.= The boy who was saved in the river has e back to 。【語(yǔ)法過(guò)關(guān)】 you like the pop singer?No, I prefer the singer __________can sing folk man _________is wearing a blue jacket is Jim39。s D./ 3．Do you know the young lady ____your mother is talking? whom 4．Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?Yes, he 5．The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very 6．Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?He has gone back to Qinghua 7．I hate people _______ talk much but do 8．I39。m looking at the photograph ___ you sent me with your 9．I hate peopledon’t help others when they are in ．who B．whichC．they 10．Barbara, where do you work?I work for a pany _________sells 11．Do you know the young lady ____your mother is talking? whom 12．The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very 【參考答案】1．B[解析]考查學(xué)生對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞的掌握。定語(yǔ)從句中先行詞是人時(shí)用who引導(dǎo)。2．A．[解析]考查學(xué)生對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是人且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who引導(dǎo)。3．C．[解析]本題考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。先行詞為the young lady，被關(guān)系代詞whom代替在從句中作talk with 的賓語(yǔ)，介詞with 可以放在關(guān)系代詞之前，故應(yīng)選C。4．D．[解析]本題考查引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以只有who合適。5．D．[解析]本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是物，而關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以只有that合適。6． B．[解析]本題考查引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以只有who合適。7．D．[解析]本題考查引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以只有who合適。8． C．[解析]本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。句中的先行詞是the photograph，同時(shí)在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用which。其答案為：C。9． A．[解析]本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。句中的先行詞是people，同時(shí)在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who。其答案為：A。10．A．[解析]作定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，which可修飾物，who指代人，that指人或物。定語(yǔ)從句修飾pany，選用which。11。答案C 解析：先行詞為the young lady，被關(guān)系代詞whom代替在從句中作talk with 的賓語(yǔ)，介詞with 可以放在關(guān)系代詞之前，故應(yīng)選C。12．答案D 解析：因?yàn)橄刃性~是物，而關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以只有that合適。