【導(dǎo)讀】一種利用液體靜壓原理使液體下滴，經(jīng)靜脈輸入大量無菌溶液或藥物的治療方法。進(jìn)行靜脈輸液的過程中，需要根據(jù)輸注的藥物和患者的病情對輸液進(jìn)度進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。目前，普遍采用人工方式進(jìn)行監(jiān)控，對病人來說，存在很多潛在的危險(xiǎn)。的藥液輸完或藥液發(fā)生堵塞時(shí)，醫(yī)護(hù)人員若未能及時(shí)處理，就會發(fā)生回血或其他危險(xiǎn)，給病人造成痛苦甚至發(fā)生醫(yī)療事故。針對現(xiàn)有靜脈輸液中存在的問題，采用光電檢測、單片機(jī)和通信技術(shù)，設(shè)計(jì)。低于設(shè)定位置時(shí)的聲光報(bào)警，并通過串行口與主機(jī)相連，實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程集中控制功能。裝置的使用在增加輸液安全性的同時(shí)也減少了醫(yī)護(hù)人員的勞動(dòng)。問題，設(shè)計(jì)了一套面向所有大中小醫(yī)院和診所的醫(yī)院輸液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。器對吊瓶的液位進(jìn)行檢測及報(bào)警，并對滴速進(jìn)行精確地檢測與控制。理、總體結(jié)構(gòu)、主要功能部件設(shè)計(jì)和軟硬件系統(tǒng)的組成。穩(wěn)定、便于攜帶、實(shí)用性強(qiáng)。則延誤治療，重則會危及病人生命安全，發(fā)生醫(yī)療事故。

　　

【正文】 L DELLAY2；調(diào)用延時(shí)子程序 SJMP LIGHT；二極管循環(huán)點(diǎn)亮與熄滅 DELAY2: MOV R7 , 200；延時(shí) DL: MOV R6 , 250；改變 R0或 R1的值可改變二極管亮滅時(shí)間長短 DJNZ R6 , $ DJNZ R7 , DL RET JNB , ALARM；檢測是否停止報(bào)警 CLR ；關(guān)閉蜂鳴器 SETB ；關(guān)閉發(fā)光二極管 CLR ；開正常工作指示燈 RET 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 總結(jié) 1 結(jié)果分析 該醫(yī)院輸液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)裝置不僅是一個(gè)簡單的控制問題 , 他還涉及到醫(yī)學(xué)、光學(xué)、電學(xué)、傳感器應(yīng)用、單片機(jī)控制、通信和 PC 機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì)等諸多問題。該裝置將多門學(xué)科有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來 , 并成功的應(yīng)用到實(shí)際的問題中去了。 該裝置有針對性強(qiáng)、使用方便、操作簡單、成本低廉、價(jià)格合理、利于推廣等優(yōu)點(diǎn)?？梢岳冕t(yī)院已有的報(bào)警裝置 , 不需要醫(yī)院重新布線 , 從而合理利用已有資源。并且該裝置調(diào)節(jié)速度快、功能齊全、性能指標(biāo)優(yōu)良 , 最大相對誤差僅有 2 %。 2 系統(tǒng)改進(jìn) 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 參考文獻(xiàn) [1 ] 蔣力培 1 單片微機(jī)實(shí)用教程 北京 : 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 [2 ] 林伸茂 18051 單片機(jī)徹底研究實(shí)習(xí)篇 北京 : 人民郵電出版社 [3 ] 求是科技 1 單片機(jī)通信技術(shù)與工程實(shí)踐 北京 : 人民郵電出版社 [4 ] 李寶連 , 王劍鋼 1 基于 RS485 接口的醫(yī)院輸液監(jiān)控系統(tǒng) 山西電子技術(shù) [5 ] 高海生 , 楊文煥 , 周承高 1 單片機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)大全 西安 : 西南交通大學(xué)出版社 [6 ] Myke Predko1PC 接口技術(shù)內(nèi)幕 北京 : 中國電力出 版社 [7 ] 陳平 ,陳彥 . 實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)護(hù)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) 計(jì)算機(jī)工程與應(yīng)用 [8 ] 李軍玲 ,郭明春 ,王麗萍 . 醫(yī)用點(diǎn)滴監(jiān)視器的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) 大連大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào) [9 ] 范建偉 . BP01 型壓力傳感器及其在便攜式電子血壓計(jì)中的應(yīng)用 國外電子元器件 [10] 范紅剛 ,馮成 ,胡建國等 . 數(shù)字人體心率檢測儀的設(shè)計(jì) 電子工程師 [11] 繆家鼎 ,徐文娟 ,牟同升 . 光電技術(shù) 浙江大學(xué)出版社 [12] 王功利 ,劉 景 ,蔣建華 . 紅外對管及其在測量滴流速度方面的應(yīng)用 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用 [13 ]徐君毅 ,張友德 ,王小勇 . MCS 51 單片微機(jī)原理與應(yīng)用 復(fù)旦大學(xué)出版社 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 外文 原文與翻譯 英文： AT89c5l Features? Compatible with MCS51? Bytes of InSystem Reprogrammable Flash : 1,000 Write/Erase Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 Program Memory x 8bit Internal Programmable I/O 16bit Timer/ Interrupt Serial Idle and Powerdown Modes. Description The AT89C51 is a lowpower, highperformance CMOS 8bit microputer with 4K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM).The deviceis manufactured using Atmel’s highdensity nonvolatile memory technology and is patible with the industrystandard MCS51 instruction set and pinout. The onchip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed insystem or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By bining a versatile 8bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microputer which provides a highlyflexible and costeffective solution to many embedded control applications. The AT89C51 provides the following standard features: 4K bytes of Flash, 128 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, two 16bit timer/counters, a five vector twolevel interrupt architecture,a full duplex serial port, onchip oscillator and clock addition, the AT89C51 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters,serial port and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Powerdown Mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator disabling all other chip functions until the nexthardware reset. Pin Description VCC： Supply voltage. GND： Ground. Port 0 Port 0 is an 8bit opendrain bidirectional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 highimpedance inputs. Port 0 may also be configured to be the multiplexed loworder address/data bus during accesses to external program and data memory. In this mode P0 has internal pullups. Port 0 also receives the code bytes during Flash program172。ming, and outputs the code bytes during program verification. External pullups are required during program verification. Port 1 Port 1 is an 8bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 1 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the internal pullups. Port 1 also receives the loworder address bytes during Flash programming and verification. Port 2 Port 2 is an 8bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 2 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 2 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the internal pullups. Port 2 emits the highorder address byte during fetches from external program memory and during accesses to external data memory that use 16bit addresses (MOVX @ DPTR). In this application, it uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1s. During accesses to external data mem172。ory that use 8bit addresses (MOVX @ RI), Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special Function Register. Port 2 also receives the highorder address bits and some control signals during Flash programming and verification. Port 3 Port 3 is an 8bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 3 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 3 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the pullups. Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the AT89C51 as listed below: Port Pin Alternate Functions RXD (serial input port) 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 TXD (serial output port) INT0 (external interrupt 0) INT1 (external interrupt 1) T0 (timer 0 external input) T1 (timer 1 external input) WR (external data memory write strobe) RD (external data memory read strobe) Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash pro172。gramming and verification. RST Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device. ALE/PROG Address Latch Enable output pulse for latching the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory.