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【正文】 e is any category of “ natural leaders” . It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in mon。 rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrument 中國最大的管 理 資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 大量免費資源共享 ) 第 21 頁 共 34 頁 al leadership is leadership that emphasizes the pletion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “ get things done” . Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well beings of a social group s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may discipline group members who inhibit(阻礙 ) attainment of the group s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members。 instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect. 62. What does the passage mainly discuss? A) The problems faced by leaders. B) How leadership differs in small and large groups. 中國最大的管 理 資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 大量免費資源共享 ) 第 22 頁 共 34 頁 C) How social groups determine who will lead them. D) The role of leaders in social groups. 63. The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can bee leaders EXCEPT . A) recruitment B) formal election process C) specific leadership training D) traditional cultural patterns 64. Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from paragraph 2? A) person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group. B) Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person. C) A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership. D) Most people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications. 65. In mentioning “ natural leaders” in line 7, the author is making the point that . A) few people qualify as “ natural leaders” 中國最大的管 理 資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 大量免費資源共享 ) 第 23 頁 共 34 頁 B) there is no proof that “ natural leaders” exist C) “ natural leaders” are easily accepted by the members of a group D) “ natural leaders” share a similar set of characteristics 66. The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on . A) ensuring harmonious relationships B) sharing responsibility with group members C) identifying new leaders D) achieving a goal Part Ⅴ Error Correction Direction:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in thecorresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧ ) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank. 中國最大的管 理 資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 大量免費資源共享 ) 第 24 頁 共 34 頁 When we speak of a human need, we mean something which is unnecessary to life, something we can live with. 67 Food is a human need. We will starve to death if there 68 were no food on earth。 but even if we have plenty of food, but of the wrong kind, our bodies will have problem from lack of the right food. This is known for malnutrition(營 69 養(yǎng)不良） . In countries where are not developed, man’ s food 70 needs are the same like in the most advanced societies. We 71 all need food and could live a good life on very few types of food. People in very developed countries eat only the kinds 72 of food which can be grown near their homes, whereas people in developed countries eat foods which are often grown many thousands of miles away form their homes. People in undeveloped countries are happy with less 中國最大的管 理 資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 大量免費資源共享 ) 第 25 頁 共 34 頁 different kinds of foods than people in very developed ones are, so we can say that despite the needs of the two kinds 73 of people are the same, their wants are different. People in very developed countries eat many different types of meat— they could live by only one, but they would be very 74 unhappy because every time what they ate was the same. Even such special foods like chicken would be less fun to 75 eat if you had them every day. But we ca