【導(dǎo)讀】4．________________稱某人為??[信息提取]as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，“正如??”。[例句仿寫]眾所周知，造紙是我國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明之一。[信息提取]動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式。[例句仿寫]你得小心別把衣服弄臟。[例句仿寫]不是李華就是李平打壞了窗戶。[例句仿寫]不少學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)物理學(xué)很有意思。它的功能之一是保護(hù)世界各地的重要的遺產(chǎn)地。這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，屬“主－系－表”句型。解析根據(jù)本句的結(jié)構(gòu)可知B項(xiàng)正確。作為“防御、保護(hù)”的工具，使人或物免受傷害。址被認(rèn)為對(duì)人類文明有著非凡的價(jià)值。解析考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)題干的語(yǔ)境可知，空格處表。“放下”；B選項(xiàng)意為“推遲”；C選項(xiàng)意為“張貼；公布；example.以古羅馬龐貝城為例。

　　

【正文】 he English speak English. The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. 3． 就近一致原則 由 or ， not...but... ， either...or... ， neither...nor... ， not only...but also...等連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí) ， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致 。 What he does or what he says does not concern me. Either you or I am able to do it. 在 there be結(jié)構(gòu)中 ， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致 。 There are two bowls and a plate on the table. There is a plate and two bowls on the table. 知能精練 1． Mrs Smith was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ________ went wrong again. A． repaired it B． it repaired C． repaired D． to be repaired 解析 she had had...repaired為定語(yǔ)從句 ， 修飾前面的the washing machine。 這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句用了使役結(jié)構(gòu)have/has sth done 的過去完成時(shí)態(tài) 。 答案 C 2 ． The chairman thought ________necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. A． that B． it C． this D． him 解析 it作形式賓語(yǔ) ， 真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式 ，necessary形容詞作賓補(bǔ) 。 答案 B 3． With a lot of difficult problems ________， the newlyelected president is having a hard time. A． settled B． settling C． to settle D． being settled 解析 考查 with的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 。 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ) ，表示問題尚待解決 。 答案 C 4． The young man who saw the car ________into the river telephoned the police station. A． run B． was run C． was running D． to run 解析 see...do sth看到 ?? 做 (某事 )的全過程 。 答案 A 5． The machines are made ________ at full speed. A． work B． working C． to work D． to be worked 解析 使役動(dòng)詞在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要接帶 to的不定式作主補(bǔ) 。 答案 C 6． I would like ________that I don39。t have a very high opinion of you. A． to have you know B． have you know C． to have your known D． having you known 解析 would like to do sth想要做某事 。 不定式是一個(gè)使役結(jié)構(gòu) have sb do sth， 這里的 have you know意為：讓你知道 。 答案 A 7． Our teacher raised her voice so that she could make herself ________ by the students at the back of the classroom. A． hear B． heard C． hearing D． to be heard 解析 make oneself heard意為：讓別人聽見自己 ，oneself 與 hear是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 。 答案 B 8． Either you or the headmaster ________ the prize to these gifted students at the meeting. A． is handing out B． are to hand out C． are handing out D． is to hand out 解析 either...or...要么 ?? 要么 ?? ， 連接主語(yǔ)時(shí) ， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與最接近的主語(yǔ)一致 ， 即就近原則 。 “ be＋不定式 ” 表將來 。 答案 D 9． One third of the area ________ covered with green seventy percent of the trees ________ been planted. A． are； have B． is； has C． is； have D． are； has 解析 分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí) ， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)后所接的名詞為不可數(shù)還是可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形式 。 答案 C 10． Nobody but Jane and Mary ________ the secret. A． know B． knows C． having known D． is known 解析 but， except等作介詞用 ， 后面的名詞或代詞不是句子的主語(yǔ) ， 在此真正的主語(yǔ)是 nobody。 答案 B 11． There ________ a map of the world and some pictures on the wall. A． is B． are C． am D． be 解析 there be句型當(dāng)中 ， 就近原則 。 此句中由 a map of the world決定 。 答案 A 12． A large quantity of water ________ needed. A． are B． is C． has D． have 解析 a large quantity of “ 許多；大量 ” ， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)只與 quantity的形式有關(guān) 。 如果是 quantities， 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù) 。 答案 B 13． The number of students who ________ playing puter games ________ increasing. A． like； is B． like； are C． likes； is D． like； are 解析 the number of ＋名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ) ， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)形式 。 who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾 students，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù) 。 答案 A 14． According to the traffic rules ________from the state traffic management ， all drunken drivers shall be punished if they drive. A． claiming B． claimed C． to claim D． to be claimed 解析 句意：根據(jù)交通管理部門宣布的交通法規(guī) ， 凡醉酒司機(jī)駕車都將受到懲罰 。 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ) ，rules與 claim為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系 ， 故排除 A、 C兩項(xiàng)； D項(xiàng)表將來 ， 故被排除； B項(xiàng)表被動(dòng)且表完成 ， 符合本空要求 ， 故答案為 B項(xiàng) 。 答案 B 15． Paul doesn39。t have to be made ________. He always works hard. A． learn B． to learn C． learned D． learning 解析 使役動(dòng)詞在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要接帶 to的不定式作主補(bǔ)。 答案 B