【導(dǎo)讀】消沉;它剝奪你對(duì)前途的希望，割斷你和別人之間的友情，使你心胸日漸狹窄，對(duì)人生也越來(lái)越懷疑。作用actfor代理，代為。breakaway擺脫，脫離breakawayfrom…breakin打斷，插話，闖入，強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入breakinto…bringabout引起，導(dǎo)致，使發(fā)生bringalong把……生動(dòng)/活潑，使……降低，減少，使……bringdown/up降價(jià)／提價(jià)[比較：godown/up價(jià)格下降/上漲]. callat訪問(wèn)（某地），拜訪（某地）[比較：callon拜訪（某人），訪問(wèn)（某人）]. callout大聲呼喊，叫喊callsb…callsbnames謾罵某人callup給……打電話，使人想起，號(hào)召。ealong來(lái)，隨同，進(jìn)展，加油eat…到達(dá)，從一處來(lái)到另一處。eintouse使用起來(lái)eoff脫落，從……

　　

【正文】 chairs are made of wood. The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood. This engine is made up of 490 parts. The actor made himself up for the part of an old man. These days many girls make up when they are still quite young. She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces. There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here. He has just made her up. Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence. Everyone should make full use of time. But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure. I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it. They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English. （ 17） pass 短語(yǔ)： pass away 去世，死（委婉說(shuō)法） pass by 通過(guò)，從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò) pass down 傳下來(lái)，流傳，使世代相傳 ，一代一代傳下去 pass on (to sb) 轉(zhuǎn)交給 (某人 )，傳給 (某人 ) pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流傳下來(lái) pass out 失去知覺(jué)，昏厥 pass through 穿過(guò)，越過(guò) pass sth from one to another 把某事物從一人傳到另一人手上 pass the examination 通過(guò)考試 例如： Dr Johnson passed away last night. They all waved to us as they passed by. The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations. She said she’d pass the message on to the other students. I nearly passed out when I saw the blood. （ 18） pay 短語(yǔ)： pay attention to … 對(duì)……注意，留心…… pay a visit to sb / a place 訪問(wèn)， 拜訪（某人），參觀（某地） pay back 償還（借款），報(bào)答，報(bào)復(fù) pay for 付款，付費(fèi)，付代價(jià) （比較： pay a high price for … 付高價(jià)） pay off 還清（欠款） pay sb a visit 拜訪某人 pay the bill 買單，付帳單 例如： He promised to pay the money back by Friday. The old in our city don’t need to pay for transport. After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last. （ 19） pick 短語(yǔ)： pick out 挑選，認(rèn)出 pick up 拾起，接收，學(xué)會(huì)（語(yǔ)言），開(kāi)車去接，康復(fù)，購(gòu)買（便宜商品） 例如： His story was picked out as the best by the judges. The phone rang and I picked it up. I’ll pick you up at the station. I managed to pick up an American news broadcast. After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier. I picked up the unusual stamp by accident. I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year. （ 20） put 短語(yǔ)： put away 將某物 收拾起來(lái) ，存錢，儲(chǔ)存， 存起來(lái) put down 撲滅，平息，鎮(zhèn)壓，記下 put forward 提出，建議，推薦 put off 延期，拖延 put on （戲）上演，放（唱片），穿戴 put on a performance 演出 put out 撲滅，熄滅，使……停止燃燒，伸出，出版，生產(chǎn) put up 掛起，張貼，舉起，抬起，搭起，建立 put up with 忍受，容忍 put into 使進(jìn)入，輸入，投入 put／ translate… into 把……譯成 put one’s heart into… 全神貫注于…… put sb in / into prison 把某人關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 put … to use 使用……，運(yùn)用…… put a date to sth 注明日期 （比較： set / fix the date 確定日期 to date 到目前為止） put an end to … 結(jié)束…… put … together 把……放在一起 例如： We put away the tools before we leave the workshop. All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感） . Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today. We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success. The firemen soon put the fire out. The doctor told me to put out my tongue. It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（裝飾物） in the living room. Drop your weapons and put your hands up. Another supermarket has been put up near our house. I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working. The government is putting more money into education this year. As students, we should put our heart into studies. （ 21） send 短語(yǔ)： send away 讓走開(kāi) send for sb 派人去請(qǐng)某人，請(qǐng)某人來(lái) send in 寄送某處進(jìn)行處理 send out 派遣，發(fā)出（信號(hào)、通知等） send up 發(fā)射，射出，往上送 send sb to sleep 讓某人睡覺(jué) send signals by … 通過(guò)……發(fā)送信號(hào) 例如： Get back into bed. I’ll send for the doctor. The ship is in danger。 it is sending out an SOS signal. The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning. （ 22） set 短語(yǔ)： set about (doing) sth 著手，開(kāi)始 set aside 留出，擱 /放在一邊 set down 放下，記下 set off 出發(fā)， 起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起 set out (for… ) 出發(fā)往（……），動(dòng)身去（……） set out to do 開(kāi)始做，著手做 set up 創(chuàng)立，設(shè)立，開(kāi)辦，豎起，支起 set /give a (good) example to… 為……樹(shù)立（好）榜樣 set a goal 設(shè)定目標(biāo) set fire to sth = set sth on fire 縱火， 放火燒 set foot on / in… 踏上……，到達(dá)，進(jìn)入 set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做 set sail for 起航去…… set sail from 從……起航 set sb a good example in … 在……為某人樹(shù)立榜樣 set sb free 釋放某人，解放某人 例如： As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理） the room. Try to set aside some time each day for exercise. They’ve set off on a trip round the world. Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal. He set out to write a history of civilization（文明） . We’ll certainly set up a plete modern industrial system. A few scarecrows（稻草人） were set up in the field. Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later. The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night. He was set free after three years in prison. Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all. （ 23） stand短 語(yǔ)： stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人 stand for 代表， 表示， 象征，容忍，支持 /擁護(hù)，為……的候選人 stand out 突出，顯眼 stand up 起立，站起來(lái) stand still = stay still 站著不動(dòng) 例如： CPC stands for the Communist Party of China. Stand still, and let me take a picture of you. （ 24） take 短語(yǔ)： take after 與某人相像 take along 帶領(lǐng)，攜帶 take … apart = separate … 把……分開(kāi) take away 拿走，拿去，使離開(kāi) take away from… 從……帶／拿走 take back 退回，拿回，收回 take down 拿下，記下，記錄 take for… 當(dāng)作……，誤以為是…… take in 吸收，接納，上當(dāng) take off （飛機(jī)）起飛，脫掉（衣帽 /鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，開(kāi)始流行 /暢銷 take on 呈現(xiàn) take out 拿出，取出 take over 繼承，接管，接替 take up 從事，開(kāi)始，專注于，占去（時(shí)間、空間、地位等） take a bank loan 向銀行貸款 take a bath 洗澡 take a chance / chances 碰運(yùn)氣，冒險(xiǎn) take a critical attitude towards… 對(duì)……持批判態(tài)度 take a few deep breaths 深呼吸 take / have a degree in … 取得……學(xué)位 take a handson approach to education 通過(guò)動(dòng)手實(shí)踐的方式來(lái)進(jìn)行接受教育 take a message (to sb) （給某人）捎個(gè)口信 比較： leave a message (to sb) （給某人）留個(gè)口信 take a photo (of … ) （給……）照相， 拍（……）照片 take a risk / risks 冒險(xiǎn) take a shower 沐浴，洗澡 take a sip 呡 一小口 take a taxi to... = go to ..