【正文】 E 111 SWOT analysis questions 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 66 FIGURE 112 Results of Dell’s SWOT analysis 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 International Nature of Electronic Commerce ? Inter connects puters worldwide ? When panies use Web to improve business process: – They automatically operate in global environment ? Third wave – Rapidly increasing proportion outside US – China, India, and Brazil have seen enormous recent growth 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 67 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 68 FIGURE 113 Proportion of online B2C sales by geographic region, 2023 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 International Nature of Electronic Commerce (cont’d.) ? Key international merce issues – Trust – Culture – Language – Government – Infrastructure 69 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 Trust Issues on the Web ? Important to establish trusting relationships with customers ? Companies can rely on established brand names – Difficult for online businesses ? Anonymity exists in Web presence – Banking example: browsing site’s pages ? Difficult to determine bank size or how well established ? Business must overe distrust in Web “strangers” 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 70 Language Issues ? Business must adapt to local cultures – “Think globally, act locally” – Provide local language versions of Web site ? Customers more likely to buy from sites in own language – 2555 percent of Inter content in English – Half of current Inter users do not read English – By 2023: 70% of emerce transactions will involve at least one party outside of the United States ? Languages may require multiple translations – Separate dialects 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 71 Language Issues (cont’d.) ? Large site translation may be costprohibitive – Certain pages may be translated – Home page should be translated into all supported languages – All firstlevel links to home page ? High priority pages to translate – Marketing, product information, establishing brand ? Use translation services and software – Human translation: key marketing messages – Software: routine transaction processing functions 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 72 Cultural Issues ? Important element of business trust – Anticipating how the other party to a transaction will act in specific circumstances ? Culture – Combination of language and customs – Varies across national boundaries, regions within nations ? Cultural issue examples – Virtual Vineyards (now ) packaging – General Motors’ Chevrolet Nova automobile – Baby food in jars in Africa 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 73 Cultural Issues (cont’d.) ? Select icons carefully – Shopping cart versus shopping baskets, trolleys – Hand signal for “OK”: obscene gesture in Brazil ? Dramatic cultural overtones – India: inappropriate to use cow image in cartoon – Muslim countries: offended by human arms or legs uncovered – White color (purity versus death) – Japan: number four symbolizes death 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 74 Cultural Issues (cont’d.) ? Online business apprehension – Japanese shoppers’ unwillingness to pay by credit ? Softbank – Devised a way to introduce electronic merce to a reluctant Japanese population 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 75 Culture and Government ? Online discussion inhospitable to cultural environments ? Government controls in some cultures – Unfettered munication not desired or considered acceptable ? Denounced Inter material content – Unrestricted Inter access forbidden – Web content filtered – Monitors ISP records – Impose language requirements 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 76 Infrastructure Issues ? Inter infrastructure – Computers and software connected to Inter – Communications works ? Infrastructure variations and inadequacies exist ? Telemunications industry outside United States – Heavily regulated, governmentowned – High local telephone connection costs affect online behavior ? International orders: global problem – No process to handle order and paperwork 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 77 Infrastructure Issues (cont’d.) ? Freight forwarder – Arranges international transactions’ shipping and insurance ? Customs broker – Arranges tariff payment and pliance ? Bonded warehouse – Secure location – Holds international shipments until customs requirements or payments satisfied 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 78 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 79 FIGURE 114 Parties involved in a typical international trade transaction 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 Infrastructure Issues (cont’d.) ? Handling international transactions paperwork – Annual cost: $700 billion – Software automates some paperwork ? Countries have own paperbased forms, procedures ? Countries have inpatible puter systems 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 80 Group Work ? Choose one industry (education, food, car, energy……) ? Find a pany (which is outstanding, or new, or your group think is special) in this industry. ? Do SWOT analysis for the pany. ? Analysis the advantages emerce brought to this pany/industry. 169。 Cengage Learning 2023 81 演講完畢，謝謝觀看！