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ion We Observe 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 Measurement ID Number Avg= LCL= UCL= Iron Content (ppm) Iron Content (ppm) 1 g ? 2023, General Electric Company, USA. All rights reserved Version 4 3/01 GE Confidential The labeled points are repeated measurements on the SAME SINGLE PART that had been secretly resubmitted to the measurement process after every 9 samples. The changes in these seven labeled readings reflect the (lack of) precision of the measurement system, assuming calibration remained consistent during this period. Notice that the measurement variation seems quite large pared to the variation of the other points, which reflect both product variation AND measurement variation. Inadequate Measurement System Revealed 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 Measurement ID Number Avg= LCL= UCL= Iron Content (ppm) Iron Content (ppm) 1 g ? 2023, General Electric Company, USA. All rights reserved Version 4 3/01 GE Confidential Possible Sources of Measurement Variation Using a GRR study, we will focus on “Repeatability” and “Reproducibility”, since these are often (but not always) the primary contributors to measurement error. Stability Linearity Longterm Process Variation Shortterm Process Variation Variation w/i sample Actual Process Variation Repeatability Calibration “ Other” Sources Environmental etc. Variation due to gage Variation due to operators Measurement Variation Observed Process Variation 1 g ? 2023, General Electric Company, USA. All rights reserved Version 4 3/01 GE Confidential Measurement Systems Analysis Checklist Review the following Guide Checklist BEFORE conducting an indepth measurement system study. GUIDE to Measurement Systems Analysis and validation of data sources: 1. What is the measurement procedure used? 2. Briefly describe the measurement procedure. What standards apply? Are used? 3. What is the precision (measurement error) of the system? 4. How has the precision been determined? 5. What does the gage (measurement system) Supplier claim to be the device’s: = Discrimination = Accuracy (Bias)? = Precision (Measurement Error)? 6. Do you have results of a: = TestRetest (Repeatability only) Study? (Determines Measurement Error or “l(fā)ackofprecision”) = Gage RR Study? [Allocates the error between device and operator(s)] If so, what are they? 7. Are different measurement systems (gages, scales, etc.) used to gather the same data? Identify which data es from which device. 1 g ? 2023, General Electric Company, USA. All rights reserved Version 4 3/01 GE Confidential Measure Deliverables ? Identify the Measurable Customer CTQ ? Define and Confirm Specifications for the Y ? Ensure Measurement System is Adequate to Measure Y 1 g ? 2023, General Electric Company, USA. All rights reserved Version 4 3/01 GE Confidential 謝謝觀看 /歡迎下載 BY FAITH I MEAN A VISION OF GOOD ONE CHERISHES AND THE ENTHUSIASM THAT PUSHES ONE TO SEEK ITS FULFILLMENT REGARDLESS OF OBSTACLES. BY FAITH I BY FAITH