【正文】 4． Efficient is the same meaning of resource saved. It is correct or not? ( ) ? ? ? enough ? sense ? 5． The logistics is a part of the service industry, or the third industry. Is it a fact? ? clear by now ? ? ? be classified ? 三． What is the main difference between the traditional logistics and the modern one ? Before 1970, there was no “l(fā)ogistics” as the business word. Transportation and storage represented the flow of goods, like raw materials in and out of factory, and so on. Any truck pany or warehouse was an independent unit to handle the goods. Recently, exactly in 1973, the great changes happened in the field. First, containerization transportation has bee the most important role in the ocean transport. Container as a loading and unloading unit is very convenient. Before that, 10,000 tons ship should be filled in 48 hours. After the container adopted, 35,000 tons container ship can be loaded in eight hours. It is a revolution in the transportation! And more, containerization links all functions, making package, loading and unloading, transport, storage and distribution as an integration. In this point, the logistics came as a new part in the , puter technology helps the logistics greatly. When the information system was introduced in logistics, we find it is very easy to operate, save us a lot of money and time. ? I think you have got the answer already. ? 本題結(jié)束 ? 1． Traditional logistics is the same as the modern one. Is it true or not? ? ? ? ?t pare ? practical value ? 2． What make traditional logistics upgrading modern one? ( ) ? A. Information technology and modern ship ? B. Container ships and trucks ? C. Containerization and information technology ? D. Container and puter ? 3． Containerization is not a revolution but a transportation method. What is your opinion? ? A. I agree. ? B. It is only a story. ? C. It is only a kind of technology. ? D. It is a real revolution to the logistics. ? 4． What is the meaning of integration? ( ) ? A. Putting together ? B. Holding one by one ? C. Putting some elements into a whole linkage ? D. Connecting two or more things ? 5． What is the usage of information system to the logistics? ( ) ? A. To provide information ? B. Recording of information ? C. Transmitting information ? D. To manage and control the operation of the logistics ? 四． Now, we discuss the relation between the international trade and logistics. As you know, trading involves several steps: ? 1. Making deal. In this stage, the buyer and seller should negotiate the price of the goods, the way to pay, finally sign the contract. ? 2. Payment. It is a core step in the trading. General speaking, buyers can?t pay to sellers directly. They usually ask their bank to write the Letter of Credit (L/C) to the sellers. L/C is the promise to pay from the buyer, transferred to sellers? bank under the conditional articles. ? 3. Transportation. After receiving qualified L/C, the seller begins to deliver the goods. Then transportation takes the main place of the trading. So, international transportation is similar word to international logistics. Logistics can move the modities form one country to another with ships, trucks and air. Logistics may fix the cost of transportation to the trading partners with the terms of FOB and CIF. FOB means the deal price without insurance and freight. CIF contains cost of goods, insurance and freight. Transportation as the main function of the logistics has the very close relationship with foreign trade. ? 4. Customs clearance and Inspection. In the final step, logistics helps customers and customs in two ways, on one hand, arrangement of goods to be cleared, on the other, handing in the documents to be examined. ? 本題結(jié)束 ? 1． There is not close relationship between international trade and logistics. Is it correct? ? A. Correct ? B. Wrong ? C. This is not main topic in the page. ? D. I don?t know. ? 2． What is contract? ( ) ? A. Paper ? B. Arrangement ? C. Arrangement by both side of deal ? D. Memo ? 3． L/C is a letter from buyer to it true or not? ? A. True ? B. Yes ? C. Correct ? D. Wrong ? 4． What does the customs do? ( ) ? A. Inspecting goods and collecting duty ? B. Government an ? C. Collecting tax ? D. Inspecting modities ? 5． Does the author talk about the transportation equipment? ( ) ? A. Yes ? B. No ? C. Only a little ? D. Dropping a hint ? 五． Supply Chain is a management tools which is based on the following facts: ? 1. All products are made by linked suppliers, just like a kind of . Every supplier is customer at the same time and controlled by its up supplier, then again controls its down . The relation between the two suppliers is petitive and cooperative. If not, no longer term business or deal can be existed. In other words, “they are on the same boat”.4. All the members in the Supply Chain should get profit more or less. If the up suppliers earn total profit, rest of the supplier must loss. All the suppliers in the supply chain should be managed by a specific rule, that is Supply Chain Management (SCM). SCM is a management method, also a software. ? SCM has several characters: ? is single way process, not cycle system。 ? links all the members, including suppliers and end customers, with puter procedure and math。 ? try to get the highest profit on the whole chain. SCM can be used in huge pany, or a city economy. General Electronics and Singapore are good examples on adopting SCM. ? 本題結(jié)束 ? 1． Is SCM a real chain, or a software? ( ) ? A. Both yes ? B. Both not ? C. The latter ? D. The former ? 2． Eve