【正文】 e of this technique gave the story a circular form wherein one event was the center, with various points of view radiating from it. The multiple points of view technique makes the reader recognize the difficulty of arriving at a true judgment.95. Myth: A story, often about immortals and sometimes connected with religious rituals, that is intended to give meaning to the mysteries of the world. Myths make it possible for people to understand and deal with things that they cannot control and often cannot see. A body of related myths that is accepted by a people is known as its mythology. A mythology tells a people what it is most concerned about.96. Narration: Like description, narration is a part of conversation and writing. Narration is the major technique used in expository writing. Such as autobiography. Successful narration must grow out of good observation, tothepoint selection from observation, and clear arrangement of details in logical sequence, which is usually chronological. Narration gives an exact picture of things as they occur.97. Narrative poem: A poem that tells a story. One kind of narrative poem is the epic, a long poem that sets forth the heroic ideals of a particular society.98. Narrator: One who narrates, or tells, a story. A story may be told by a firstperson narrator, someone who is either a major or minor character in the story. Or a story may be told by a thirdperson narrator, someone who is not in the story at all. The word narrator can also refer to a character in a drama who guides the audience through the play, often menting on the action and sometimes participating in it.99. Naturalism: An extreme form of realism. Naturalistic writers usually depict the sordid side of life and show characters who are severely, if not hopelessly, limited by their environment or heredity.100. Neoclassicism: A revival in the 17th agogo of order, balance, and harmony in literature. 101. Nonet: the nineline stanza. Spenserian stanza: ababbcbcc.102. Nonfiction: It refers to any prose narrative that tells about things as the actually happened or that presents factual information about something. The purpose of this kind of writing is to give a presumably accurate accounting of a person’s life. Writers of nonfiction use the major forms of discourse: description (an impression of the subject)。 narration (the telling of the story)。 exposition (explanatory information)。 persuasion (an argument to influence people’s thinking). Forms: autobiography, biography, essay, story, editorial, letters to the editor found in newspaper, diary, journal, travel literature.103. Novel: A booklength fictional prose narrative, having may characters and often a plex plot. 104. Octava: the eightline stanza. 2 quatrains/ 2 triplets + 1 couplet.105. Ode: A plex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honor a person or a season or to memorate an event.106. Onomatopoeia: The use of a word whose sound in some degree imitates or suggests its meaning.107. Oxymoron: a figure of speech that bines opposite or contradictory ideas or terms. An oxymoron suggests a paradox, but it does so very briefly, usually in two or three words.108. Paradox: A statement that reveals a kind of truth, although it seems at first to be selfcontradictory and untrue.109. Parallelism: (a figure of speech) The use of phrases, clauses, or sentences that are similar or plementary in structure or in meaning. Parallelism is a form of repetition.110. Parody: The humorous imitation of a work of literature, art, or music. A parody often achieves its humorous effect through the use of exaggeration or mockery. In literature, parody can be make of a plot, a character, a writing style, or a sentiment or theme.111. Pastoral: A type of poem that deals in an idealized way with shepherds and rustic life.112. Pathos: The quality in a work of literature or art that arouses the reader’s feelings of pity, sorrow, or passion for a character. The term is usually used to refer to situations in which innocent characters suffer through no fault of their own.113. Persuasion: It’s the type of speaking or writing that is intended to make its audience adopt a certain opinion or perform an action or do both. Persuasion is one of the major forms of discourse. 114. Pictorialism: It’s an important poetic device characterized by efforts to achieve striking visual effects. Among its features are irregularity of line, contrast or enchantment of light, color and image. Other means of pictorialism include personification, juxtaposition and the matching of colors with verbs of action.115. Plot: Plot is the first and most obvious quality of a story. It is the sequence of events or actions in a short story, novel, play, or narrative poem. For the reader, the plot is the underlying pattern in a work of fiction, the structural element that gives it unity and order. For the writer, the plot is the guiding principle of selection and arrangement. Conflict, a struggle of some kind, is the most important element of plot. Each event in the plot is related to the conflict, the struggle that the main character undergoes. Conflict may be external or internal, and there may be more than one form of conflict in a work. As the plot advances, we learn how the conflict is resolved. Action is generally introduced by the exposition, information essential to understanding the situation. The action rises to a crisis, or climax. This movement is called the rising action. The falling action, which follows the crisis, shows a reversal of fortune for the protagonist. The denouement or resolution is the momt when the conflict ends and the oute of the action is clear.116. Poetry: The most distinct