【正文】 on Wesly Publishing Company,1992.[16] Hdhede I, Fundamentals:A Practical York:Wiley,1983. [17] and and Scheduling System for Flexible Science Publishers .,1986.致謝經(jīng)過幾個(gè)月很有意義的勞作，畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)就快要完成了，這也預(yù)示著豐富的大學(xué)生活即將結(jié)束。在此，衷心的感謝郭凡燦老師，本次設(shè)計(jì)是在我的郭凡燦老師的親切關(guān)懷和悉心指導(dǎo)下完成的。他嚴(yán)肅的科學(xué)態(tài)度，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)闹螌W(xué)精神，精益求精的工作作風(fēng)，深深地感染和激勵著我。從課題的選擇到項(xiàng)目的最終完成，郭老師都始終給予我細(xì)心的指導(dǎo)和不懈的支持，在此謹(jǐn)向郭老師致以誠摯的謝意和崇高的敬意?！　≡诖?，我還要在大學(xué)期間教我知識的各位老師，感謝你們的授業(yè)解惑，不僅使我的知識結(jié)構(gòu)和科研能力上了一個(gè)新臺階，更重要的是，各方面的素質(zhì)得到了提高。還要感謝在一起愉快的度過大學(xué)生活的宿舍舍友和同門們，正是由于你們的幫助和支持，我才能克服一個(gè)一個(gè)的困難和疑惑，直至本文的順利完成。特別感謝我的舍友們，他們對本課題做了不少工作，給予我不少的幫助。在論文即將完成之際，我的心情無法平靜，從開始進(jìn)入課題到論文的順利完成，有多少可敬的師長、同學(xué)、朋友給了我無言的幫助，在這里請接受我誠摯的謝意!最后我還要感謝培養(yǎng)我長大含辛茹苦的父母，謝謝你們! 最后，向所有關(guān)心我的親人、師長和朋友們表示深深的謝意。附錄英文文獻(xiàn)譯文Excellent performance of powder metallurgy high speed steel cutting tools Since the 70s since the 20th century, the market share of highspeed steel cutting tools carbide cutting tools are gradually being eroded. But in recent years, with the highspeed steel powder metallurgy (P / MHSS) the improvement of cutting tools, highspeed steel cutting tools market share again rebounded. Compared with ordinary high speed steel cutting tools, powder metallurgy high speed steel cutting tool hardness, toughness, better, more wearresistant, therefore, in some applications (such as high impact, large amount of processing removal of occasions) powder metallurgy high speed steel has gradually replace the brittle, prone to impact in cutting the overall fragmentation of carbide cutting tools trends. What is PM then? PM making out of metal or metal powders (or metal powder and metal powder mixture) as a raw material, forming and sintering, manufacture of metal materials, posites and various types of technology products. Powder metallurgy and production of ceramics, there are similarities, therefore, a series of powder metallurgy technology can also be used for preparation of ceramic materials. As the advantages of powder metallurgy technology, it has bee the key to solving the problem of new materials in the development of new materials plays an important role. Powder metallurgy technology can minimize the segregation of alloy position, eliminating bulky, uneven casting organizations. In the preparation of highperformance rare earth permanent magnetic materials, rare earth hydrogen storage materials, luminescent materials, rare earth catalysts, high temperature superconducting materials, new metallic materials (eg AlLi alloy, heatresistant Al alloys, super alloys, corrosion resistance of stainless steel powder, powder highspeed steel, high temperature structural intermetallic materials, etc.) have an important role. Can be fabricated glass, ceramics, quasicrystals, nanocrystalline supersaturated solid solution and a series of high performance nonequilibrium materials, these materials have excellent electrical, magnetic, optical and mechanical properties. Can easily achieve a variety of types of pound, give full play to the characteristics of each group element material is a lowcost production of high performance metal matrix and ceramic posite materials technology. Ordinary melting method can not produce products with special structure and properties of materials and products, like the new porous biomaterials, porous membrane materials, high performance structural ceramics and functional ceramic materials. Can achieve near net shape forming and automated mass production, which can effectively reduce the production of resource and energy consumption. Can make full use of ore, tailings, sludge steel, rolling steel scales, recycling scrap metal as raw material, is an effective material can be recycled and utilization of new technologies.Powder metallurgy high speed steel manufacturing process in the late 20th century, 60 developed in Sweden and in the early 70s to enter the market. The process can add more highspeed steel alloy elements without promising strength and toughness of the material or grindability, which can be made with high hardness, high wear resistance, can absorb the impact of cutting, high removal rate for processing and fault continued cutting tool. 1. Highspeed steel tool materials mainly by highspeed steel tool material position of two basic ponents: a metal carbide (tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide or vanadium carbide), it gives a good wear resistance of cutting tools。 second is located in the surrounding steel substrate, it makes good tools and absorb the impact toughness, the ability to prevent fragmentation. Preparation of general highspeed steels, is melted in the molten steel from the ladle into the mold, to slow cooling solidification. At this point, metal carbides precipitate from solution and form larger clumps add highspeed steel alloy content the more the greater the carbon clumps. Reached a critical point, the carbide can be formed clumps great size (diameter up to 40mm). Big clumps of the critical point carbide ingot according to the size and other factors vary, but generally is in the vanadium carbide content of about 4% occurs. By ingot for forging, rolling and other followup process, you can crush part of the carbide lumps, but can not be pletely eliminated. Although the increase in steel quantity of metal carbide particles can improve the wear resistance of materials, but with the alloy content increased, the carbide size and also increase the number of clumps, which for the toughness of steel will have a substantial negative impact because large carbides soon may bee the starting point of cracks.2. Powder metallurgy high speed steel tool process on preparation and preparation of ordinary highspeed steel is different than directly into the molten liquid steel molds, but through a small nozzle to spray blown into the nitrogen flow to the spray mist of liquid steel rapid cooling for the small steel particles (diameter less than 1mm). As the aqueous solution of carbon steel in the fastcooling process to precipitate and form a group no time soon, so get the st