張維友詞匯學(xué)chapter-8-meaning-and-context-資料下載頁(yè)
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【正文】 mal definition or explanation, the author may cite an example which is sufficient to throw light on the meaning of the term. ? Many United Nations employees are polyglots. Ms. Mary, for example, speaks five languages. Synonymy ? Synonyms or synonymous expressions are frequently employed by authors to explain new words. ? Their greatest fear was of a conflagration, since fire would destroy their flimsy wooden settlement before help could arrive. Antonymy ? Contrasting words or statements are also monly used to explain unknown words。 ? As the fighting on all fronts reached its peak, the economy neared its nadir. Hyponymy ? Superordinates and subordinates often define and explain each other, thus forming an important context clue. ? The village had most of the usual amenities: a pub, a library, a post office, a village hall, a medical center and a school. Relevant details ? In some contexts, the author provides details relating to the unknown word, such as the functions, characteristics, nature, etc. of the referent. ? In spite of the fact that the fishermen were wearing sou’ westers, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through. Word structure ? The morphemic structure of words, especially pounds and derived words offers clues for inferring the meanings of unknown words. ? Copernicus believed in heliocentric universe, rather than in the geocentric theory.
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