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動詞的各種形式和分類-資料下載頁

2024-08-12 01:06本頁面
  

【正文】 hould除了表示單純的將來時間以外,更多的是用作情態(tài)動詞?! hall,should用于第一人稱表示單純的將來時,在現(xiàn)代英語中分別用will,would代替。三、短語動詞1.短語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)  短語動詞由動詞、介詞、副詞通過一定的結(jié)合而構(gòu)成,主要有如下六種:  動詞+副詞。注意動詞加副詞這種結(jié)構(gòu)中,it, them作賓語,放在副詞之前。 put on  穿上、上演    pick out  選出來    break in  打斷put aside  放在一邊   put away  收拾起來   give in  屈服turn in  上交      ring up  打電話    run away  跑掉put down  放下、寫下  go back  回去     throw away  扔掉think over  認真思考  go by  走過去     go ahead  開始干go about  四處走動   look around  環(huán)顧   turn off  關(guān)閉break out  爆發(fā)    set up  搭起、創(chuàng)建   give up  放棄find out  查出     look through  仔細瀏覽 go on  繼續(xù)動詞+介詞ask for  請求    break into  破門而入   care for  喜歡care about  關(guān)心   look after  照顧     get off  下車depend on  依靠   think of  考慮      die from  死于believe in  信任   listen to  聽      look at  看go over  復(fù)習(xí)    arrive at  到達     arrive in  到達work on  從事    laugh at  嘲笑begin with  以開始        go through  從……穿過do without  沒有……也行     e across  偶然碰到動詞+副詞+介詞go in for  從事、參加       look forward to  盼望catch up with  趕上、超過     go on with  繼續(xù)do away with  廢除掉       add up to  加起來總共break away from  躲開、脫離    keep out of  使……不進入get along with  與……相處、進展  get on with  進展、與……相處動詞+名詞+介詞catch hold of  抓住        pay attention to  注意take part in  參加        make use of  利用get rid of  處理         catch sight of  突然發(fā)現(xiàn)take the place of  替代     take notice of  注意到take pride in  以……為豪    show interest in  對……表現(xiàn)出興趣be+形容詞+介詞be fond of  喜歡        be afraid of  害怕be famous for  以……出名    be sure about/of  對……有把握be good at  擅長于……     be good for  對……有好處be good to  對……友好     be ready for  為……做好準備be active in  在……方面積極  be proud of  以……為豪動詞+名詞take place  發(fā)生        keep watch  值班take aim  瞄準         lose heart   灰心特別提示:很多“動副”和“動介”結(jié)構(gòu)相當于一個及物動詞。call on = visit 拜訪     care for = like 喜歡   go by = pass 經(jīng)過keep on = continue 繼續(xù)   bring up = educate 教育  set out = start 開始ring up = telephone 打電話2.短語動詞的及物性(1)及物的短語動詞①“動詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)一般是及物動詞,后面常常帶賓語。look at 看      laugh at  嘲笑      work at  努力工作know about 了解    think about  思考、認為  ask for  要求得到send for 派人去請   pay for  為……付錢   e from  來自learn from 向……學(xué)習(xí) talk of  談起      e into  進入happen to 對……發(fā)生了 live on  以……為生②大部分“短語動詞”可用作及物動詞set up  建立、創(chuàng)建    let out  泄露    try on  試穿find out  查出      turn on  打開    put on  穿上、上演feed on  以……為食   turn off  關(guān)掉    work out  計算出give up  放棄      eat up  吃光     hold up  舉起turn over  打翻注:這些短語中帶的賓語是it,them時,通常放在副詞之前。③“動詞+其他詞+介詞”常用作及物動詞catch up with  趕上   take care of  照顧be fond of  喜歡     make use of  利用(2)不及物的短語動詞①部分“動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)用作不及物動詞e on 加油    e along 一起來     move on  繼續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)移fall behind 落后  grow up 長大       set out  出發(fā)set off 出發(fā)    stay up 熬夜       look back  回頭看e up 出現(xiàn)    be in 在家        be out  不在家be over 結(jié)束    go ahead 前進、進行    go out  出去Look out! There’s danger ahead.當心!前面危險。四.典例剖析例題1.—Look at the boy running on the ground? Is it Davis?—It ________ be him. I saw him go into the teachers’ office just now.(黃岡中考題)A.must          B.can’tC.could         D.might解題技巧:  此題主要考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。有一點同學(xué)們心中要清楚,表示肯定的推測用情態(tài)動詞“must+be”,表示否定的推測用情態(tài)動詞“can’t+be”。根據(jù)題意“看操場上跑步的那個男孩,是David嗎?”不可能是他。“剛才我看見他到老師的辦公室去了?!钡弥欠穸ǖ耐茰y。答案是can’t be。答案:B例題2.Smoking is bad for your health. You’d better ________.(烏蘭察布中考題)A.take it out       B.take out itC.give it up        D.give up it解題技巧:  此題考查動詞加副詞這種短語帶賓語的用法,在這次專題復(fù)習(xí)中,我們復(fù)習(xí)了這種動詞短語。由于動詞后面的詞是副詞,所以當賓語是代詞“it,them”時,通常將賓語放在副詞之前。根據(jù)題意“吸煙對你的健康有害,你最好戒掉它?!薄敖涞簟庇胓ive up。答案:C例題3.—What do you think of the music, Fred?—It ________ wonderful.(臺州中考題)A.smells         B.looksC.tastes         D.sounds解題技巧:  此題考查聯(lián)系動詞的用法,根據(jù)題意“你認為這音樂怎么樣,F(xiàn)red?這音樂聽起來很美?!薄奥犉饋怼庇胹ounds。答案:D沖刺練習(xí)1.—Listen! Helen is singing in the next room.—It ________ be Helen. She has gone to Beijing.A.can’t        B.mustn’tC.may          D.should2.—Let’s go to the supermarket by taxi.—We ________ take a taxi. It’s not far from here.A.can’t B.needn’t C.couldn’t  D.mustn’t3.John, you needn’t do your work today. You ________ do it tomorrow if you’re tired.A.must B.may   C.can’t4.—Could I go to the movie this weekend, Dad?—Yes, you ________. But you have to e back before nine.A.shall B.must C.need    D.can5.When traffic lights are red, we ________ stop and wait.A.may  B.can C.must  D.might6.The dish ________ delicious. I can’t wait to eat it.A.feels  B.sounds C.smells   D.tastes7.—May I ________ Snow White and Seven Dwarves from your shelf?—I am sorry. I ________ it to Ann yesterday.A.lend;borrowed    B.use;lendC.borrow;lent     D.look;borrowed8.The conductor helped an old man ________ the bus and said to him,“Don’t ________ until the bus stops at the next bridge.”A.get off;get on     B.get on;get offC.get into;get out of   D.get on;get of9.I’m ________ Helen. Have you seen her?A.looking up B.looking after C.looking at  D.looking for10.The room is so dirty. ________ we clean it?—Of course.A.Will B.WouldC.Can  D.Shall11.—Can you mend a TV set?—No, I ________.A.mustn’t  B.can’t C.may not  D.needn’t12.Tony, the ice is thin. You ________ skate on it.A.may  B.must C.mustn’t D.needn’t13.—Can I help you?—Yes. I’d like to ________ the blue skirt.A.look for B.put onC.wait for  D.try on14.—Whose book is it?—It ________ be Tom’s. There is his name on the cover.A.must B.may C.need D.will15.—I always feel tired.—You ________ do more exercise to make you stronger.A.can  B.mayC.could  D.should16.He is working in the office now. He ________ be playing football with his friends on the playground.A.can’t B.may not C.won’t D.mustn’t17.We all know that his father ________ swim very well.A.must B.shallC.can D.may18.Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over. We ________ stay in our classroom.A.should B.mustC.had to D.could19.—________ I take some photos in the hall?—Yes, you ________.A.Could;need     B.Could;mayC.May;can       D.May;may20.My sister ________ kind to all her friends.A.be B.a(chǎn)reC.a(chǎn)m D.is
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