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低碳城市規(guī)劃建設(shè)的成本效益分析-資料下載頁(yè)

2025-08-02 23:29本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 前我國(guó)各地政府都要建設(shè)低碳城市,本文提出對(duì)低碳城市規(guī)劃和建設(shè)進(jìn)行成本效益分析的必要性,指出城市政策手段必然有其成本,而政策手段帶來(lái)的效益也需要有科學(xué)性的分析,才會(huì)幫助在制定政策及建設(shè)項(xiàng)目時(shí)提高社會(huì)整體資源配置效率,達(dá)到優(yōu)化社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)資源的目的。要進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)成本效益分析在低碳城市規(guī)劃建設(shè)的應(yīng)用,最主要的理念是建立在把不同成本和效益都披露的原則上,作為政策分析工具它有較高的透明度。同時(shí),需要在針對(duì)我國(guó)國(guó)情及微觀政策建立統(tǒng)一口徑的邊際成本(減排效益)數(shù)據(jù)指引和方法,推動(dòng)政策手段和項(xiàng)目的評(píng)估工作,提供給地方政府估計(jì)碳排放的社會(huì)成本依據(jù)。成本效益分析并不是完美的政策分析方法,它有其限制及短處。然而,它能提供的是基于科學(xué)發(fā)展觀下,對(duì)實(shí)施低碳城市建設(shè)成本和效益的公開(kāi)及透明的決策準(zhǔn)則,這正是我國(guó)城市規(guī)劃決策過(guò)程中最需要的觀念。參考文獻(xiàn)(References)1 [M].北京:科學(xué)出版社,2006.2朱躍中.“十一五”期間我國(guó)交通部門能源需求展望及節(jié)能潛力分析[J].中國(guó)能源,2007,29,(12):1825.[J].城市規(guī)劃,2009,(9).4 [M].London,Macmillan,1883.5 [M].London,Macmillan,1890.6 [M].London,Macmillan,1920.7 [J].Economic ,(49):696712.8 39。sSurpluses[J].ReviewofEconomic ,(1):3141.9 [J].,(49):549552.10 Pearce AnalysisandtheEnvironmentRecentDevelopments[M].OECDPublishing,2006.11 LittleI, Countries(The OECD Manual)[M].OxfordUniversity Press,Oxford,1974.12  (theUNIDOManual)UnitedNationsIndustrialOrganization[M].Vienna,1980.13 Squire L,Van den Tak H Analysis ofProjects[M].JohnsHopkinsPress,Baltimore, 1975.14松岡讓,姜克雋,[J].中國(guó)能源,1998,(3).15魏一鳴,劉蘭翠,范英,碳排放研究[M].北京:科學(xué)出版社,2008.16 ,氣候變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)影響[M].聯(lián)合國(guó),1996.17 d39。,,ClimateImpactAssessmentProgram[M].US Department of Transport,1975.18 ManneA,:theImpactsofRisingEnergyCost[J].,12(1):87102.19 Ingham A,Ulph Taxes and the UK ManufacturingSector[M].//DietzF, and the ,Amsterdam,1991.20 Nordhause Fast Should We Graze the GlobalCommons[J]?AmericanEconomicReviewAssociationPapers and Proceeding,1982,12(2):242246.21 Nordhause Slow or Not to Slow:the Economics oftheGreenhouseEffect[J].EconomicJournal,1991,101:920938.22 Nordhause Sketch of the Economics of the Greenhouse Effect[J].American Economic Review,1991,81(2):146150.23 Ayres R U,Walter Greenhouse Effect:Damages,Cost and Abatement[J].Environmental and ResourcesEconomics,1991,1(3):237270.24 Stern Economics of Climate Changethe SternReview[M].Cambridge,UK,2007.25 Clarkson R,Deyes the Social Cost ofCarbonEmissions[M].GovernmentEconomicServiceWaking Paper 140,Department of Environs,Food andRetail Affairs,2002.26 :FindingsfromChinaMARKALMACROModeling[J].Energy Policy,2005,33:88589627 :A Case Study for the People39。s Republic ofChina[D].,1996.28 [R/OL]..29 Anderson D,Costs and Finance of Abating CarbonEmissions in the Energy Sector[M].HM Treasury,UK,2006.30 LiJ,[J].JournalofEnvironmental Management,2009(,90):24362447.24 / 24
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