【正文】 r ，不知怎的，離開物體遠(yuǎn)近，達(dá)成我們眼前。Light is all our eyes can really 。The other way that we encounter light is in devices that produce light incandescent bulbs , fluorescent bulbs , lasers , lightning bugs , the sun .換句話說，我們遇到光器件生產(chǎn)輕白熾燈泡,螢光燈泡激光器，臭蟲，太陽。Each one uses a different technique to generate 。In this article, we will look at light from many different angles to show you exactly how it works!在這篇文章中,我們會從不同的角度來看輕你到底如何表現(xiàn)作品！You have probably heard two different ways of talking about light:你可能聽過兩種不同的談?wù)撦p：There is the particle theory, expressed in part by the word photon .有粒子的理論，提出了部分的文字光子。 There is the wave theory, expressed by the term light wave .有波浪的理論,表達(dá)了詞光波。From the time of the ancient Greeks, people have thought of light as a stream of tiny particles .由當(dāng)時的古希臘人，人們想到了輕如流微小的粒子。After all, light travels in straight lines and bounces off a mirror much like a ball bouncing off a 。No one had actually seen particles of light, but even now it39。s easy to explain why that might ，但直到現(xiàn)在很容易解釋為什么可能。The particles could be too small, or moving too fast, to be seen, or perhaps our eyes see right through ，或速度太快，我們將拭目以待，或許我們透過他們的眼睛看右。The idea of the light wave came from Christian Huygens , who proposed in the late 1600s that light acted like a wave instead of a stream of ，誰提議在1600年代后期猶如一股輕不是一個粒子流。In 1807, Thomas Young backed up Huygens39。 theory by showing that when light passes through a very narrow opening, it can spread out, and interfere with light passing through another shined a light through a very narrow 。What he saw was a bright bar of light that corresponded to the 。But that was not all he 。Young also perceived additional light, not as bright, in the areas around the ，不像光明，周邊的酒吧。If light were a stream of particles, this additional light would not have been ,就不會有這種額外輕。This experiment suggested that light spread out like a 。In fact, a beam of light radiates outward at all ，一個光束閃耀離港時刻Albert Einstein advanced the theory of light further in ，進(jìn)一步在1905年。Einstein considered the photoelectric effect , in which ultraviolet light hits a surface and causes electrons to be emitted from the ，其中紫外線造成電子水面點擊可噴出地表。Einstein39。s explanation for this was that light was made up of a stream of energy packets called photons .愛因斯坦的解釋是，光線了一個流能量包稱為光子。 Modern physicists believe that light can behave as both a particle and a wave, but they also recognize that either view is a simple explanation for something more ，要么是一個簡單的解釋，以便更復(fù)雜。In this article, we will talk about light as waves, because this provides the best explanation for most of the phenomena our eyes can :大部份的眼睛看到的現(xiàn)象。Why is it that a beam of light radiates outward, as Young proved?為什么有一道光芒閃耀外向,因為年輕的證明？What is really going on?究竟是怎么回事？To understand light waves, it helps to start by discussing a more familiar kind of wave the one we see in the ，它有助于展開討論了一個較為熟悉的一種波，一個我們看到在水中。One key point to keep in mind about the water wave is that it is not made up of water: The wave is made up of energy traveling through the ，它不是由水：波是由能源穿過水。If a wave moves across a pool from left to right, this does not mean that the water on the left side of the pool is moving to the right side of the water has actually stayed about where it 。 It is the wave that has 。When you move your hand through a filled bathtub, you make a wave, because you are putting your energy into the ，通過一個填充浴缸，你有一個波，因為你把你的精力放到水中。The energy travels through the water in the form of the 。 All waves are traveling energy, and they are usually moving through some medium, such as ，他們通常是移動通過一些媒介，例如水。You can see a diagram of a water wave in Figure 1 .你可以看到一張圖， A water wave consists of water molecules that vibrate up and down at right angles to the direction of motion of the 。This type of wave is called a transverse wave .這種波叫做橫波。Light waves are a little more plicated, and they do not need a medium to travel 。他們不需要一個中等穿越。They can travel through a 。A light wave consists of energy in the form of electric and magnetic ，場和磁場。The fields vibrate at right angles to the direction of movement of the wave, and at right angles to each ，而在直角對方。Because light has both electric and magnetic fields, it is also referred to as electromagnetic radiation .由于光線具有電場和磁場，它也被稱為電磁輻射。光波有許多大小。The size of a wave is measured as its wavelength , which is the distance between any two corresponding points on successive waves, usually peaktopeak or troughtotrough (Figure 1).大小的波是衡量其波長這是距離，任何兩個對應(yīng)點，在接連的，通常峰或槽槽。The wavelengths of the light we can see range from 400 to 700 billionths of a the full range of wavelengths included in the definition of electromagnetic radiation extends from one billionth of a meter, as in gamma rays, to centimeters and meters, as in radio waves .但全面的波長的定義包括了電磁輻射延伸，從一個十億分之一米，正如伽馬射線，厘米和米，如在無線電波。 Light is one small part of the 。Any light that you see is made up of a collection of one or more photons propagating through space as electromagnetic ，你看到了一個收集一個Light waves also e in many 。 The frequency is the number of waves that pass a point in space during any time interval, usually one ，通過空間的點在任何時間間隔，通常是1秒。It is measured in units of cycles (waves) per second, or Hertz (Hz).The frequency of visible light is referred to as color , and ranges from 430 trillion Hz, seen as red, to 750 trillion Hz, seen as ，從430兆赫茲，看作是紅色，到750兆赫茲視為紫羅蘭。Again, the full range of frequencies extends beyond the visible spectrum, from less than one billion Hz, as in radio waves, to greater than 3 billion billion Hz, as in gamma ，全頻率范圍超出了可見光，從不足十億赫茲，由于無線電波，大于3億元億赫茲如伽瑪射線。As noted above, light waves are waves of 。光浪浪的能量，The amount of energy in a light wave is proportionally related to its frequency: High frequency light has high energy。 low frequency light has low ：高頻光具有高能量；低頻燈光已經(jīng)偏低的能源。Thus gamma rays have the most energy, and radio waves have the 。伽瑪射線最有能量，并發(fā)射無線電波的限度。Of visible light, violet has the most energy and red the ，樹葉已大部分能源和紅色的限度。Light not only vibrates at different frequencies, it also travels at different ，它還游記速度不同。Light waves move t