【正文】
uld finish your homework at once. → Your homework should be finished at once. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)馬上完成你的作業(yè)。 We ought to take actions to solve the problem. → Actions ought to be taken to solve the 這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 (2)主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓補(bǔ)若是不帶 to的被動(dòng)式,在變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),需加上to。 They made him work day and night. → He was made to work day and night. 他們讓他日日夜夜工作。 (3)常以被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)出現(xiàn)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。 It39。s said/reported/beli eved/hoped/thought/suggested that... 據(jù)說(shuō) /據(jù)報(bào)道 /大家相信 /大家希望 /大家認(rèn)為 /據(jù)建議 ?? 。 It is said that some puters were stolen last night. 據(jù)說(shuō)昨晚一些電腦被盜。 (4)含有雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句,可以將其中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)態(tài)的主語(yǔ),另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)不動(dòng)。一般將間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)。如直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ),在原來(lái)的間接賓語(yǔ)前加 to,有的需加 for。 My friend gave me a dictionary. → I was given a dictionary by my friend. → A dictionary was given to me by my friend. 我朋友給了我一本詞典。 (5)主動(dòng)形式變被動(dòng) ① 在 need, require, want,worth, deserve后的動(dòng)名詞常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的意思。 The book is worth 一讀。 ② 表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞 read, write, act, sell,wash, clear, wear, open,cook, lock, shut, dry, eat,drink等一般不單獨(dú)使用,常有一個(gè)修飾語(yǔ)。 This kind of paper tears easily. 這種紙很容易撕破。 (5)主動(dòng)形式變被動(dòng) ③系動(dòng)詞 look, sound, feel,smell, taste, appear, seem,prove, turn, stay, bee,fall, get, grow, keep+形容詞 /名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由聽起來(lái)很合理。 ④有些動(dòng)詞不定式不論用主動(dòng)形式還是被動(dòng)形式,動(dòng)詞不定式和主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系都是被動(dòng)的,如: blame, let(出租 ), remain, keep, rent, build。 There are a lot of books to read to be read. 有許多書要讀。 Those cars are to rent/to be rented. 那些汽車出租。 (6)不能變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況 ① have, bee, mean, belong to等表示情況或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。 The book belongs to my deskmate. 這本書是我同桌的。 ② 賓語(yǔ)是同源賓語(yǔ)時(shí),如: live a life, dream a dream, smile a smile。 They live a peaceful life in the 鄉(xiāng)下過(guò)著平靜的生活。 ③ 當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞或相互代詞時(shí)。 After the old man retired, he often criticized himself. 這位老人退休后,經(jīng)常進(jìn)行自我批評(píng)。 一、記住了多少詞匯 二、背會(huì)了幾個(gè)句型 三、語(yǔ)法的掌握程度 較好 ( ) 一般 ( ) 較差 ( ) 四、自己的不足