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【正文】 d humans. ? Continued circulation of H5N1 and other avian viruses in Hong Kong raises the possibility of future human influenza outbreaks. Laboratory diagnosis of influenzavirology or serology? ? For early diagnosis of acute influenza virus infections, virus detection using rapid procedures for virus isolation or antigen staining and molecular biological techniques have been developed. ? The determination of specific antibodies (IgG, IgM) has traditionally been widely used diagnostically. ? Conventional serological diagnosis is possible by means of the plement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition tests and allows the detection of type and subtypespecific antibodies, respectively. ? As part of an automated serology, immunofluorescence test and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay are the mostly widely available methods. Detection of influenza a subtypes in munitybased surveillance ? A rapid microtitre cell enzyme immuno assay (cellEIA) was developed for detection in nasopharyngeal swabs ? Results reflected the results obtained by traditional virus culture within the age distribution of samples, clinical symptoms, amp。 time between date of illness onset and sampling of cases. Detection of influenza a subtypes in munitybased surveillance ? The cell EIA can also be used to detect different influenza A subtypes (H3N2, H1N1, H5N3, H5N1, H7N7, and H9N2). ? The cell EIA can thus provide a rapid, efficient, inexpensive method for the screening of influenza A cases during an outbreak or pandemic situation. ? In parison, virus detection is clearly superior to antibody determination for diagnosis of influenza virus infections. ? However, antibody testing may be useful as a plementary tool to confirm the diagnosis retrospectively. Laboratory diagnosis of influenzavirology or serology? Influenza vaccines ? An H5N3 vaccine adjuvanted with microfluidised emulsion (MF) 59 stimulated antibody levels that plied with the European Union (EU) Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP) criteria after two half strength doses (. micro g haemagglutinin).
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