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26萬噸年甲苯精餾篩板塔設(shè)計畢業(yè)設(shè)計-資料下載頁

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【正文】 hecolumn was operated without cycling,flooding occurred at such a low boil up rate it could not be measured with any accuracy. With cycling the flood rate was 26 liters of liquid per hour and an overall plate efficiency of 60% was obtained for the nine plates spaced at 18l/g inches. At flooding, the column Ffactor was and the total column pressure drop was 108 mm of all of the data and figures: the Ffactors and vapor velocities are average values that were puted over the time for the plete cycle and not just for the vapor flow period. Such average values are the true measure of column capacity and must be used for parison with other columns. shown in Figure 1. Note that when a cycle of seconds was used, the maximum rate was increased from feet per second without cycling to feet per second with cycling。 thelatter figure corresponds to an Ffactor of . Note that a column pressure drop of 15 mm. of Hg. corresponds to a vapor velocity of feet per second without cycling and feet per second with cycling. This amounts to a 48% increase in total vapor load at a fixed pressure drop. The data illustrate an interesting fact, namely, that the maximum rate of phase flow is not dictated by physical dimensions of the equipment and the properties of system only, but it is also a function of the method of operation employed. Thus, for example, the authors believe that the capacity of existing bubblecap plate towers as well as other types can be increased by use of controlled cycling. One can operate at two different pressure drops for the same vapor velocity. This is easily explained. Boil up is increased by increasing the distance between the electrodes in the the maximum vapor velocity point is passed, the froth height on the plate increases rapidly as one increases the pressure drop by increasing the distance between the electrodes. Thus one can operate at different liquid depthson the plate. The more torturous path for the vapor at high liquid depth produces a high pressure drop that causes the steam valve to close sooner than when the liquid depth is that which exists at maximum vapor velocity. The same phenomena have also been obtained in packed towers when this type of boil up control is used. In this case, the higher pressure drop corresponds to a higher liquid holdup in the packing. It is also of interest to note in Figure 2 that the maximum plate efficiency occurs in the area of high vapor velocities.Figures 2 and 3 present the data on the plates made of screen with 5670 free area. As one might expect, the capacity is high but the efficiency is low. Increasing the liquid flow time for afixed vapor flow time decreases the efficiency but markedly increases the capacity. The following article on theperformance of packed plates (2) gives additional information on other cycle times.An open 2inch diameter tube 160inches high was also tested. It flooded at an Ffactor of without cycling and in excess of with cycling. The maximum rate could not be determined because of limited condenser capacity. Two theoretical plates were measured in the range of 4 to 11 feet per second vapor velocity and approximately 4 when operated close to the flood point.Acknowledgment Data contained in this paper are from the thesis “Control of Vapor and Liquid Phase Flow in Packed and Plate FractionationTowers” submitted by R. A. Gaska as part of requirement for the. degree, June 1959, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park,Pa.文獻翻譯 控制循環(huán)精餾 對于傳統(tǒng)工藝這種新的控制蒸餾的方法可能會導(dǎo)致 新類型設(shè)備的產(chǎn)生。 控制循環(huán)是一個新的操作各種類型的方法,現(xiàn)有的設(shè)備包括蒸餾塔和允許新類型設(shè)備,設(shè)計為:多一些重要的常規(guī)方法優(yōu)勢。例如,沒有降液管板上需要的是與控制循環(huán)操作,和容量大于達到與傳統(tǒng)的操作。本文的目的是采用控制結(jié)果在對幾種類型的板塊循環(huán)蒸餾塔。設(shè)備和操作試驗塔是由2英寸內(nèi)直徑法蘭,玻璃管,九個板隔開18L / 2英寸和17 plares另間隔的G1 / 2英寸。測試采用苯甲苯混合物在大氣壓力和分析沸點測定。所有的運行在全回流中進行。板式1號是一個“/ *英寸厚黃銅板19孔的L / 8英寸直徑分布的等邊三角形?!?。板式2號相似類型1號,%。%。沸騰的加熱蒸汽的速度是通過使用柱壓降被自動控制。一個簡單壓力計電路包含一個固定電極浸入液體壓力計和一個可移動的電極,可以設(shè)置為任何所需的柱壓降,當(dāng)設(shè)計壓力降到了一個小電流流過一個簡單的電子壓力計電路繼電器操作電動閥在蒸汽線仍然很容易達到控制。 蒸汽管線從在塔的底部,這是由一個控制的電動閥, 周期定時器組成。這允許控制的時間每兩個周期的在循環(huán)中,蒸汽流期間與液體流動的時期。塔為4英尺以上的液位在鍋爐和液體中的U型彎曲線防止倒灌塔在汽閥被關(guān)閉。凝汽器直接連接在頂板上并在蒸汽流動段凝析引起的在頂板液位增加但沒有造成操作上的麻煩。結(jié)論鋼板型號1的結(jié)果有大的重要性。當(dāng)柱無循環(huán)操作時, 當(dāng)液柱發(fā)生在如此低的溫度下沸騰, 它不能夠測量任何精度。隨著循環(huán)流量26升的液體每小時和一個在所有的板效率達到60%,對于九板隔開18L/g英寸。 mm Hg OL。在所有的數(shù)據(jù)和數(shù)據(jù)的影響下:與氣相速度平均值,計算超過對于一個完整的周期時間,不只是對蒸汽流流動的時期有影響。平均值是衡量柱容量必須用于與其他列的比較的一個因素。結(jié)果與板型第2號示于圖1中。注意,當(dāng) , 。請注意,柱壓力下降15毫米。汞。這相當(dāng)于一個48% 增加在一個固定的總蒸氣負荷壓降。該數(shù)據(jù)示出了有趣的事實,即,最大相流的速率沒有被決定的設(shè)備的物理尺寸和只有系統(tǒng)的特性,但它是操作的方法的又一個功能就業(yè)。因此,例如,作者認為的能力現(xiàn)有的泡罩板塔作為 以及其它類型的可以提高采用控制循環(huán)。 在相同的蒸汽壓力下,可以同時操作兩個不同的速度壓力同時下降,這是很容易解釋的。沸騰增壓通過增加距離壓力表在電極之間的。當(dāng)最大蒸汽流速點是通過在板的迅速增加,作為一個增加的泡沫高度通過增加距離壓降電極之間的。因此,一個人可以在不同液位操作在板上。不同的液體在高的液位深度的蒸汽路徑產(chǎn)生的高的壓力降,使蒸汽閥關(guān)閉早比液體的深度是那在最大的蒸汽速度存在。的同樣的現(xiàn)象也得到在填料塔時,這種類型的沸騰控制方法。在這種情況下,該更高的壓力降對應(yīng)于一個在填料持液率更高。它的興趣也注意圖2的最大板效率發(fā)生在高氣相速度區(qū)。 圖2和圖3的數(shù)據(jù)該板制成的屏幕與5670自由區(qū)。正如人們所預(yù)料的,量大但效率較低。增加一個液體流動時間固定的蒸汽流量的時間減少效率明顯提高的能力。在下面的文章填充板的性能(2)給出了在其他周期的附加信息倍。 一個開放的2英寸直徑160英寸高的管進行了測試。,但最大速率不能被確定。由于有限的電容器容量。測量兩個理論板4到11英尺每秒氣范圍速度和大約4時操作接近通過點。致謝 包含在本文中的數(shù)據(jù)是從控制蒸氣和液體在包裝和板分餾相流的論文,提交由R. “Gaska:博士學(xué)歷,1959年6月,賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué), 賓夕法尼亞州。 致謝 轉(zhuǎn)眼之間,整整大學(xué)四年即將過去,近四個月的畢業(yè)設(shè)計馬上就要結(jié)束了,這是我們大學(xué)之中最后一個也是最重要的一個設(shè)計,這一路走來,感慨萬千,畢業(yè)設(shè)計是考驗我們大學(xué)這四年的所學(xué),它要求我們將大學(xué)四年來所學(xué)到的知識能夠融會貫通,熟練應(yīng)用,并要求我們能夠理論聯(lián)系實際,培養(yǎng)我們的綜合運用能力以及解決實際問題的能力。 歷時將近四個月的時間終于將這次設(shè)計完成,在設(shè)計的過程中遇到了無數(shù)的困難和障礙,都在同學(xué)和老師的幫助下度過了。尤其要強烈感謝我的論文指導(dǎo)老師—張春梅老師,他對我進行了無私的指導(dǎo)和幫助,不厭其煩的幫助進行論文的修改和改進。另外,在校圖書館查找資料的時候,圖書館的老師也給我提供了很多方面的支持與幫助。在此向幫助和指導(dǎo)過我的各位老師表示最衷心的感謝!感謝這次設(shè)計所涉及到的各位學(xué)者。本文引用了數(shù)位學(xué)者的研究文獻,如果沒有各位學(xué)者的研究成果的幫助和啟發(fā),我將很難完成本次設(shè)計。感謝我的同學(xué)和朋友,在我設(shè)計的過程中給予我了很多素材,還在論文的撰寫和排版燈過程中提供熱情的幫助。由于我的學(xué)術(shù)水平有限,所做設(shè)計難免有不足之處,懇請各位老師和學(xué)友批評和指正!最后衷心的感謝幫助過我的所有人致謝人:朱洪偉2014年5月25日 67
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