【導(dǎo)讀】建筑面積約為6690平方米。本系統(tǒng)管線不復(fù)雜，施工方便，夏季空調(diào)和冬季供暖同用一套系統(tǒng)。間滲透補(bǔ)充廁所風(fēng)量，再通過(guò)廁所風(fēng)機(jī)排出，使廁所異味不能擴(kuò)散至其他房間。量大于排風(fēng)量時(shí)，室內(nèi)將保持正壓。該設(shè)計(jì)中采用的計(jì)算方法和數(shù)據(jù)依據(jù)主要來(lái)源于薛殿華主編的《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》，還有其他的一些相關(guān)資料。相關(guān)建筑圖見附錄。保溫材料為瀝青膨脹珍珠巖，厚度為75mm.外墻為厚度是370mm的紅磚墻，內(nèi)粉刷白灰。單層鋼窗，玻璃為6mm厚的吸熱玻璃，內(nèi)有活動(dòng)百葉窗作為內(nèi)遮陽(yáng)。樓人員密度按黃翔、連之偉、哈文主編的《空調(diào)工程應(yīng)用》中的數(shù)值估算。罩無(wú)通風(fēng)孔，功率為30W/m2。辦公樓空調(diào)每天使用10小時(shí)，即8：00~12：00、14：00~18：00、19：00~21：00。噪聲聲級(jí)不高于40Db;室內(nèi)空氣壓力稍高于室外大氣壓。間的控制要求設(shè)定。采取左右部分分開供風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。負(fù)荷由吊掛式空氣處理機(jī)組負(fù)擔(dān)。冷負(fù)荷由風(fēng)機(jī)盤管負(fù)擔(dān)。式中td——地區(qū)修正系數(shù)，℃。

　　

【正文】 en heat pumps. In open systems, vapour from an industrial process is pressed to a higher pressure and thus a higher temperature, and condensed in the same process giving off heat. In semiopen systems, heat from the repressed vapour is transferred to the process via a heat exchanger. Because one or two heat exchangers are eliminated (evaporator and/or condenser) and the temperature lift is generally small, the performance of MVR systems is high, with typical coefficients of performance (COPs) of 10 to 30. Current MVR systems work with heatsource temperatures from 7080℃ , and deliver heat between 110 and 150℃ , in some cases up to 200℃ . Water is the most mon 39。working fluid39。 (. repressed process vapour), although other process vapours are also used, notably in the (petro) chemical industry. Closedcycle pression heat pumps are described in the section Heat pump technology . Currently applied working fluids limit the maximum output temperature to 120℃ . Absorption heat pumps (Type I) are not widely used in industrial applications. Some have been realised to recover heat from refuse incineration plants, notably in Sweden and Denmark. Current systems with water/lithium bromide as working pair 沈陽(yáng)化工學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 附錄 A achieve an output temperature of 100℃ and a temperature lift of 65℃ . The COP typically ranges from to . The new generation of advanced absorption heat pump systems will have higher output temperatures (up to 260℃ ) and higher temperature lifts. Heat transformers (Type II) have the same main ponents and working principle as absorption heat pumps. With a heat transformer waste heat can be upgraded, virtually without the use of external drive energy. Waste heat of a medium temperature (. between the demand level and the environmental level) is supplied to the evaporator and generator. Useful heat of a higher temperature is given off in the absorber. All current systems use water and lithium bromide as working pair. These heat transformers can achieve a delivery temperatures up to 150℃ , typically with a lift of 50℃ . COPs under these conditions range from to . Reverse Braytoncycle heat pumps recover solvents from gases in many processes. Solvent loaden air is pressed, and then expanded. The air cools through the expansion, and the solvents condense and are recovered. Further expansion (with the associated additional cooling, condensation and solvent recovery) takes place in a turbine, which drives the pressor. 2) Applications Industrial heat pumps are mainly used for: space heating。 heating and cooling of process streams。 water heating for washing, sanitation and cleaning。 steam production。 drying/dehumidification。 evaporation。 distillation。 concentration. When heat pumps are used in drying, evaporation and distillation processes, heat is recycled within the process. For space heating, heating of process streams and steam production, heat pumps utilise (waste) heat sources between 20℃ and 100℃ . The most mon waste heat streams in industry are cooling water, effluent, condensate, moisture, and condenser heat from refrigeration plants. Because of the fluctuation in waste heat supply, it can be necessary to use large storage tanks for accumulation to ensure stable operation of the heat pump. Space heating: Heat pumps can utilise conventional heat sources for heating of greenhouses and industrial buildings, or they can recover industrial waste heat that could not be used directly, and provide a low to medium temperature heat that can be utilised internally or externally for space heating. Mainly electric closedcycle pression heat pumps are used. Process water heating and cooling:Many industries need warm process water in the temperature range from 4090℃ , and often have a significant hot water demand in the same temperature range for washing, sanitation and cleaning purposes. This can be met by heat pumps. Heat pumps can also be a part of an integrated system that provides both cooling and heating. Mainly electric closedcycle pression heat 沈陽(yáng)化工學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 附錄 A pumps are installed, but a few absorption heat pumps and heat transformers are also in use. Steam production: Industry consumes vast amounts of low, medium and high pressure steam in the temperature range from 100200℃ . Steam is used directly in industrial processes, and for heat distribution. Current high temperature heat pumps can produce steam up to 150℃ (a heat pump prototype has achieved 300℃ ). Both open and semiopen MVR systems, closedcycle pression heat pumps, cascade (bination) systems and a few heat transformers are in operation. Drying process:Heat pumps are used extensively in industrial dehumidification and drying processes at low and moderate temperatures (maximum 100℃ ). The main applications are drying of pulp and paper, various food products wood and lumber. Drying of temperaturesensitive products is also interesting. Heat pump dryers generally have high performance (COP 57), and often improve the quality of the dried products as pared with traditional drying methods. Because the drying is executed in a closed system, odours from the drying of food products etc. are reduced. Both closedcycle pression heat pumps and MVR systems are used. Evaporation and distillation processes:Evaporation and distillation are energyintensive processes, and most heat pumps are installed in these processes in the chemical and food industries. In evaporation processes the residue is the main product, while the vapour (distillate) is the main product in distillation processes. Most systems are open or semiopen MVRs, but closedcycle pression heat pumps are also applied. Small temperature lifts result in high performance wi