【正文】 effectiveness of products, often in the product name preceded by the adjective intelligent, such as intelligent washing machines. Now some technical personnel of factories or other amateur electronics developers to engage in out of certain products, not the circuit is too plicated, that function is too simple and can easily be copied. The reason may be stuck in the product did not use a microcontroller or other programmable logic device.SCM history SCM was born in the late 20th century, 70, experienced SCM, MCU, SOC three stages.First model the single chip microputer (Single Chip Microputer) stage, mainly seeking the best of the best single form of embedded systems architecture. Innovation model success, laying the SCM and general puter pletely different path of development. In the open road of independent development of embedded systems, Intel Corporation contributed. the microcontroller (Micro Controller Unit) stage, the main direction of technology development: expanding to meet the embedded applications, the target system requirements for the various peripheral circuits and interface circuits, highlight the object of intelligent involves the areas associated with the object system, therefore, the development of MCU39。s responsibility inevitably falls on electrical, electronics manufacturers. From this point of view, Intel faded MCU development has its objective factors. In the development of MCU, the most famous manufacturers as the number of Philips Corporation. Philips pany in embedded 27applications, its great advantage, the MCS51 singlechip microputer from the rapid development of the microcontroller. Therefore, when we look back at the path of development of embedded systems, do not fet Intel and Philips in History. Embedded Systems Embedded system microcontroller is an independent development path, the MCU important factor in the development stage, is seeking applications to maximize the solution on the chip。 Therefore, the development of dedicated single chip SOC trend of the natural form. As the microelectronics, IC design, EDA tools development, application system based on MCU SOC design have greater development. Therefore, the understanding of the microcontroller chip microputer can be, extended to the singlechip microcontroller applications.MCU applicationsSCM now permeate all areas of our lives, which is almost difficult to find traces of thefield without SCM. Missile navigation equipment, aircraft, all types of instrument control, puter work munications and data transmission, industrial automation, realtime process control and data processing, extensive use of various smart IC card, civilian luxury car security system, video recorder, camera, fully automatic washing machine control, and programcontrolled toys, electronic pet, etc., which are inseparable from the microcontroller. Not to mention the area of robot control, intelligent instruments, medical equipment was. Therefore, the MCU learning, development and application of the large number of puter applications and intelligent control of the scientists, engineers. SCM is widely used in instruments and meters, household appliances, medical equipment, aerospace, specialized equipment, intelligent management and process control fields, roughly divided into the following several areas:1. In the application of Intelligent Instruments SCM has a small size, low power consumption, controlling function, expansion flexibility, the advantages of miniaturization and ease of use, widely used instrument, bining different types of sensors can be realized Zhuru voltage, power, frequency, humidity, temperature, flow, speed, thickness, angle, length, hardness, elemental, physical pressure measurement. SCM makes use of digital instruments, intelligence, miniaturization, and functionality than electronic or digital circuits more powerful. Such as precision measuring equipment (power meter, oscilloscope, various analytical instrument).2. In the industrial control application With the MCU can constitute a variety of control systems, data acquisition system. Such as factory assembly line of intelligent control283. In Household Appliances can be said that the appliances are basically using SCM, praise from the electric rice, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, color TV, and other audio video equipment, to the electronic weighing equipment, varied, and omnipresent. 4. In the field of puter works and munications applications MCU general with modern munication interface, can be easy with the puter data munication, working and munications in puter applications between devices had excellent material conditions, are basically all munication equipment to achieve a controlled by MCU from mobile phone, telephone, miniprogramcontrolled switchboards, building automated munications call system, train radio munication, to the daily work can be seen everywhere in the mobile phones, trunked mobile radio, walkietalkies, etc.. in the field of medical device applications SCM in the use of medical devices is also quite extensive, such as medical respirator, the various analyzers, monitors, ultrasound diagnostic equipment and hospital beds, etc. call system. 6. In a variety of major appliances in the modular applications Designed to achieve some special single specific function to be modular in a variety of circuit applications, without requiring the use of personnel to understand its internal structure. If music integrated single chip, seemingly simple function, miniature electronic chip in the (the principle is different from the tape machine), you need a puter similar to the principle of the plex. Such as: music signal to digital form stored in memory (like ROM), read by the microcontroller, analog music into electrical signals (similar to the sound card).