【正文】 bee advanced die manufacturing the inevitable trend.(1)CAD/CAE/CAM puteraided design, simulation and manufacturing integration, CAD/CAE/cam integration technology is advanced die manufacturing the most advanced and most reasonable method of production. Use puteraided design, aided engineering and manufacturing systems, according to design good mould parts index this part of NC program is from design to manufacturing a necessary process. In a modern die design manufacturing capacity of the factory, the process is in the CAD/CAE/CAM system, its processing programs directly from online cable input processing plant, in the preparation of the program can take advantage of the system39。s processing simulation features detailed simulation, parts, tools and toolholders, fixtures, platform and tool movement speed, paths, and so on appear, to observe the entire mould parts of the cutting process and the shapes, which in turn before and after checking the correctness of the program, this is a plex surface mold is particularly important.(2) die parts in addition to highprecision geometry requirements, its shape and position accuracy requirements are relatively high, General Gage is difficult to achieve the ideal purpose, this will depend on the precision parts measurement system. This precision parts measurement system (CMM, . Coordinate Measuring Maching, CNC machining centers of a warp. Its measurement accuracy of up to μ m, its measure follows: CAD/CAM system via or CMM dedicated software produces parts data field to CMM puter system, through the appropriate setting, . in accordance with the data to measure the workpiece, findings and the original data parison results after processing error.。If the original data is obtained from the design drawings, you can design data directly into a CMMspecific software, and then be measured, be processing error data quality analysis, to determine the quality of work. If detection is not a single part but several parts of the ponent, the parts of any kind incurred as a result of the accumulation of error total is displayed. (3) the modern trend to mold manufacturing, is machined to the extent possible, replace the artificial processing. This determines the advanced equipment in the role of modern manufacturing, especially now, CNC machining center highspeed shaper, CNC milling, CNC lathe, multiaxis machine die engraving, EDM, grinder, coordinate measuring machines, scanners and other modern equipment in widespread use in the factory. And these devices most of the program are basically using CAD/CAE/CAM system. Machines and puters online, processing programs is through the online cable input machines.　　Operators in accordance with the procedures provided for clamping the workpiece, tool and equipment operation, the machine can automatically plete the machine processing tasks should be pleted on stage and created the ideal mold parts or plete the process for the next part of processing . Operator proficiency and changes in mood does not influence the processing quality and processing efficiency, which is better than the modern mold of traditional one aspect of machining.In short, CAD/CAE/CAM integration technology is in this case was born, it has bee the modern tooling technology development, and to a scientific and rational approach to mould maker provides a proven utility. This technology enables the mould makers in mold manufacturing before resorting to a puter on parts, die structure, processing, cost, and so forth to modify and optimization, until the best results.附錄二 漢語翻譯　摘要:隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化及市場競爭的日益激烈,模具產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)正面臨嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)。模具企業(yè)必須利用最新的技術(shù),在最短的時間內(nèi)開發(fā)出高質(zhì)量、低成本、高附加值的產(chǎn)品,以最快的速度響應(yīng)和投放市場。這就需要改變傳統(tǒng)模具產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)方式,從而做出正確的決策與設(shè)計(jì)方案。 　　關(guān)鍵詞:現(xiàn)代模具。設(shè)計(jì)。制造。信息化 　　 　　現(xiàn)代模具產(chǎn)品制造是典型的單件小批量、離散型生產(chǎn)。傳統(tǒng)模具產(chǎn)品開發(fā)從設(shè)計(jì)、試制到產(chǎn)品上市周期太長,設(shè)計(jì)過程中難以與用戶進(jìn)行交流,難以及時聽取用戶的意見,難以考慮可制造性和可裝配性,很難全面考慮安全、維護(hù)等方面的要求,不能綜合考慮生產(chǎn)、時間以及費(fèi)用等相互制約條件的限制,更談不上考慮整個模具產(chǎn)品壽命周期的諸多問題。筆者就現(xiàn)代模具產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)與制造的高科技信息化及其應(yīng)用談點(diǎn)淺見。 　　 　　1現(xiàn)代模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造已步入信息化時代 　　 　　改革開放30多年來,中國模具生產(chǎn)作為一個產(chǎn)業(yè)有了翻天覆地的變化。這種變化主要體現(xiàn)在三個方面:產(chǎn)能變化、生產(chǎn)方式變化、技術(shù)革命。大多數(shù)人看到的是中國模具產(chǎn)業(yè)作為一個行業(yè)的從無到有、從小到大、從拾漏補(bǔ)缺到成為主力,以及模具需求和產(chǎn)量的快速增長變化。但更重要的是生產(chǎn)方式轉(zhuǎn)變和技術(shù)革命。后兩種變化是一種更加深刻、更加根本性的變化。生產(chǎn)方式的轉(zhuǎn)變主要體現(xiàn)在,從過去傳統(tǒng)的小而全的后方車間、作坊式的生產(chǎn),轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦叨仁袌鰧I(yè)協(xié)作的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)方式。從完全非標(biāo)生產(chǎn)到相對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)。模具生產(chǎn)技術(shù)革命,濃縮到一點(diǎn)就是企業(yè)信息化也就是數(shù)字化制造和信息化管理。 　　20世紀(jì)80年代前,很多模具是靠鉗工用手打磨出來的。90年代,由于引入了數(shù)控加工機(jī)床、edm等較先進(jìn)的設(shè)備,大大地提高了模具的生產(chǎn)工藝水平,生產(chǎn)周期及模具的品質(zhì)也有了很大的縮短和改進(jìn)。高精度加工己經(jīng)把工人從繁重的體力勞動中解放出來。另一方面,cad/cam/cae等計(jì)算機(jī)輔助技術(shù)在模具行業(yè)也得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,模具的設(shè)計(jì)及數(shù)控加工水平有了很大的提高,cad/cam/cae軟件對于模具技術(shù)人員的工作效率和設(shè)計(jì)的可靠性已經(jīng)有了很大的提高。目前各模具企業(yè)又面臨著一個新的課題,如何把企業(yè)管理也同樣從煩瑣的事務(wù)中解放出來,讓信息化管理為企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率提升作出貢獻(xiàn)。所以模具企業(yè)管理的信息化己經(jīng)成為模具行業(yè)發(fā)展和進(jìn)步的必然趨勢。 　　模具生產(chǎn)是單件訂單式生產(chǎn),在管理信息化中有其強(qiáng)烈的特殊性。設(shè)計(jì)是制造的一部分,工藝設(shè)計(jì)不充分,設(shè)計(jì)與工藝信息可直接重復(fù)利用價值不大。因此,根據(jù)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)特點(diǎn)把握全面信息化管理與實(shí)用、簡化管理的平衡點(diǎn),是信息化的關(guān)鍵。這就造成很難照搬成熟的管理軟件。例如汽車模具企業(yè)沒有傳統(tǒng)意義上的原材料,倉庫管理等等。購置的都是部件與部件的半成品,不存在入庫出庫過程,制造費(fèi)用的攤銷每個企業(yè)也是都不一樣。又比如成本核算更應(yīng)該采用項(xiàng)目管理的辦法,而不是采用一般加工制造業(yè)的辦法,什么pdm、erp等軟件不經(jīng)過徹底的改造是完全不適應(yīng)的。 2現(xiàn)代模具設(shè)計(jì)的CAD/CAE技術(shù)的應(yīng)用 　　 　　模具設(shè)計(jì)是隨工業(yè)產(chǎn)品零件的形狀、尺寸與尺寸精度、表面質(zhì)量要求以及其成型工藝條件的變化而變化的,所以每副模具都必須進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的設(shè)計(jì)。模具設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容包括產(chǎn)品零件(常稱為制件)成型工藝優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與力學(xué)計(jì)算和尺寸與尺寸精度確定與設(shè)計(jì)等,因此模具設(shè)計(jì)常分為制件工藝分析與設(shè)計(jì)、模具總體方案設(shè)計(jì)、總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、施工圖設(shè)計(jì)四個階段。CAD/CAE,計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)和輔助工程,它包括概念設(shè)計(jì)、優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)、有限元分析、計(jì)算機(jī)仿真、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助繪圖和計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)過程管理等。應(yīng)用CAD技術(shù)可以設(shè)計(jì)出產(chǎn)品的大體結(jié)構(gòu),再通過CAE技術(shù)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析、可行性評估和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。采用模具CAD/CAE集成技術(shù)后,制件一般不需要再進(jìn)行原型試驗(yàn),采用幾何造型技術(shù),制件的形狀能精確、逼真地顯示在計(jì)算機(jī)屏幕上,有限元分析程序可以對其力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行檢測。借助于計(jì)算機(jī),自動繪圖代替了人工繪圖,自動檢索代替了手冊查閱,快速分析代替了手工計(jì)算,使模具設(shè)計(jì)師能從繁瑣的繪圖和計(jì)算中解放出來,集中精力從事諸如方案構(gòu)思和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化等創(chuàng)造性的工作。在模具投產(chǎn)之前,CAE軟件可以預(yù)測模具結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)參數(shù)的正確性。 　　當(dāng)今的概念設(shè)計(jì)已不僅僅是停留在對外觀和結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)上,它已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展到對模具結(jié)構(gòu)分析的領(lǐng)域。對于運(yùn)用CAD技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)出的模具,可運(yùn)用先進(jìn)的CAE軟件(尤其是有限元軟件)對其進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度、剛度、抗沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M、跌落實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M、散熱能力、疲勞和蠕變等分析。通過這些分析,可以檢驗(yàn)前面的概念性結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是否合理,分析出結(jié)構(gòu)不合理的原因和部位,然后再在CAD軟件中進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的修改。修改后再在CAE中進(jìn)行各種性能的檢測,最終確定滿足要求的模具結(jié)構(gòu)。 　　當(dāng)今CAD技術(shù)的發(fā)展使得概念設(shè)計(jì)思想體現(xiàn)在相應(yīng)的模塊中。概念設(shè)計(jì)不再只是設(shè)計(jì)師的思維,系統(tǒng)模塊也融合了一般的概念設(shè)計(jì)理念和方法。目前,世界上大型的CAD/CAE軟件系統(tǒng),如Pro/ENGINEER、UG、Solidworke、Alias等,都提供了有關(guān)產(chǎn)品早期設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)模塊,我們稱之為工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)模塊或概念設(shè)計(jì)模塊。例如,Pro/ENGINEER就包含一個工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)模塊——ProDesign,用于支持自上而下的投影設(shè)計(jì),以及在復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)中所包含的許多復(fù)雜任務(wù)的自動設(shè)計(jì)。此模塊工具包括概念設(shè)計(jì)的二維非參數(shù)化的裝配布局編輯器。這些系統(tǒng)模塊的應(yīng)用大大減少了設(shè)計(jì)師的工作量,節(jié)約了工作時間,提高了工作效率,使設(shè)計(jì)師把更多的精力用在新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)及創(chuàng)新上。 　　 　　3現(xiàn)代模具制造的CAD/CAE/CAM技術(shù)應(yīng)用 　　 　　現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,推動了我國模具工業(yè)的前進(jìn)。CAD/CAE/CAM技術(shù)的